Systemic Scaling of Powertrain Models with Youla and H<sub>∞</sub> Driver Control

This paper presents a methodology for systematically scaling vehicle powertrain and other models and an approach for using model parameters and scaling variables to perform controller design. The parameter scaling method allows for high degrees of scaling while maintaining the target performance met...

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Main Authors: Ricardo Tan, Siddhesh Yadav, Francis Assadian
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Energies
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/12/3126
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author Ricardo Tan
Siddhesh Yadav
Francis Assadian
author_facet Ricardo Tan
Siddhesh Yadav
Francis Assadian
author_sort Ricardo Tan
collection DOAJ
description This paper presents a methodology for systematically scaling vehicle powertrain and other models and an approach for using model parameters and scaling variables to perform controller design. The parameter scaling method allows for high degrees of scaling while maintaining the target performance metrics, such as vehicle speed tracking, with minimal changes to the model code by the researcher. A comparison of proportional-integral, Youla parameterization, <inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><msub><mtext mathvariant="normal">H</mtext><mo>∞</mo></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>, and hybrid Youla-<inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi><mo>∞</mo></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> controllers is provided, along with the respective methods for maintaining controller performance metrics across degrees of model scaling factors. The application of the scaling and various control design methods to an existing model of a hydrogen fuel cell and a battery electric vehicle powertrain allows for the development of a representative scale model to be compared with experimental data generated by an actual scale vehicle. The comparison between scaled simulation and experimental data will eventually be used to inform the expected performance of the full-size electric vehicle based on full-size simulation results.
format Article
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institution Kabale University
issn 1996-1073
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publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher MDPI AG
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series Energies
spelling doaj-art-2fb235e8233441769b0cfaec139229452025-08-20T03:27:28ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732025-06-011812312610.3390/en18123126Systemic Scaling of Powertrain Models with Youla and H<sub>∞</sub> Driver ControlRicardo Tan0Siddhesh Yadav1Francis Assadian2Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USADepartment of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USADepartment of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USAThis paper presents a methodology for systematically scaling vehicle powertrain and other models and an approach for using model parameters and scaling variables to perform controller design. The parameter scaling method allows for high degrees of scaling while maintaining the target performance metrics, such as vehicle speed tracking, with minimal changes to the model code by the researcher. A comparison of proportional-integral, Youla parameterization, <inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><msub><mtext mathvariant="normal">H</mtext><mo>∞</mo></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>, and hybrid Youla-<inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi><mo>∞</mo></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> controllers is provided, along with the respective methods for maintaining controller performance metrics across degrees of model scaling factors. The application of the scaling and various control design methods to an existing model of a hydrogen fuel cell and a battery electric vehicle powertrain allows for the development of a representative scale model to be compared with experimental data generated by an actual scale vehicle. The comparison between scaled simulation and experimental data will eventually be used to inform the expected performance of the full-size electric vehicle based on full-size simulation results.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/12/3126powertrain scalingcontroller designH<sub>∞</sub> controlYoula parameterizationscale model validation
spellingShingle Ricardo Tan
Siddhesh Yadav
Francis Assadian
Systemic Scaling of Powertrain Models with Youla and H<sub>∞</sub> Driver Control
Energies
powertrain scaling
controller design
H<sub>∞</sub> control
Youla parameterization
scale model validation
title Systemic Scaling of Powertrain Models with Youla and H<sub>∞</sub> Driver Control
title_full Systemic Scaling of Powertrain Models with Youla and H<sub>∞</sub> Driver Control
title_fullStr Systemic Scaling of Powertrain Models with Youla and H<sub>∞</sub> Driver Control
title_full_unstemmed Systemic Scaling of Powertrain Models with Youla and H<sub>∞</sub> Driver Control
title_short Systemic Scaling of Powertrain Models with Youla and H<sub>∞</sub> Driver Control
title_sort systemic scaling of powertrain models with youla and h sub ∞ sub driver control
topic powertrain scaling
controller design
H<sub>∞</sub> control
Youla parameterization
scale model validation
url https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/12/3126
work_keys_str_mv AT ricardotan systemicscalingofpowertrainmodelswithyoulaandhsubsubdrivercontrol
AT siddheshyadav systemicscalingofpowertrainmodelswithyoulaandhsubsubdrivercontrol
AT francisassadian systemicscalingofpowertrainmodelswithyoulaandhsubsubdrivercontrol