Evaluation of the Injana claystone from Central Iraq for the brick industry
The aim of this study is to suggest an ancient clay for the manufacturing bricks as an alternative to the recent clays that are considered as agricultural lands. The Late Miocene claystone bed in the Injana Formation at middle of Iraq was targeted through 18 exposed sections that were sampled by usi...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2021-04-01
|
| Series: | Kuwait Journal of Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://journalskuwait.org/kjs/index.php/KJS/article/view/9006 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849471143064371200 |
|---|---|
| author | Salih Mohammad Awadh Ali Mutlag Awad |
| author_facet | Salih Mohammad Awadh Ali Mutlag Awad |
| author_sort | Salih Mohammad Awadh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The aim of this study is to suggest an ancient clay for the manufacturing bricks as an alternative to the recent clays that are considered as agricultural lands. The Late Miocene claystone bed in the Injana Formation at middle of Iraq was targeted through 18 exposed sections that were sampled by using the trench sampling method. The samples are characterized by mineralogy dominated by quartz (36.4%) followed by calcite (32.8%), feldspar (2.6%), gypsum (0.9%) and dolomite (0.7%) in addition to non-clay minerals composed of kaolinite (10.1%), illite (7.7%), chlorite (6.7%), palygorskite (6.0%) and montmorillonite (1.2%). New Thermal mineral phases were formed at 950°C include diopside (35.6%), quartz (21.6%), wollastonite (11.4%), akermanite (11.1%), and gehlenite (2.3%). The engineering tests of the raw material showed the plasticity according to the Atterberg limits varies from low to high, low volumetric and linear shrinkage during drying and firing with a temperature at 950°C. The raw material produced bricks with 156 kg/cm2 uniaxial compressive strength, 23.4% water absorption and nil to low efflorescence. The results indicate the success of the Late Miocene clay in the manufacture of bricks for medium to high quality within the A and B category based on the Iraqi standard specification No.25 in 1993.
|
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2fac6ac8a879404d87f26750793da580 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2307-4108 2307-4116 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Kuwait Journal of Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-2fac6ac8a879404d87f26750793da5802025-08-20T03:24:56ZengElsevierKuwait Journal of Science2307-41082307-41162021-04-0148210.48129/kjs.v48i2.9006Evaluation of the Injana claystone from Central Iraq for the brick industrySalih Mohammad Awadh0Ali Mutlag Awad1University of BaghdadUniversity of BaghdadThe aim of this study is to suggest an ancient clay for the manufacturing bricks as an alternative to the recent clays that are considered as agricultural lands. The Late Miocene claystone bed in the Injana Formation at middle of Iraq was targeted through 18 exposed sections that were sampled by using the trench sampling method. The samples are characterized by mineralogy dominated by quartz (36.4%) followed by calcite (32.8%), feldspar (2.6%), gypsum (0.9%) and dolomite (0.7%) in addition to non-clay minerals composed of kaolinite (10.1%), illite (7.7%), chlorite (6.7%), palygorskite (6.0%) and montmorillonite (1.2%). New Thermal mineral phases were formed at 950°C include diopside (35.6%), quartz (21.6%), wollastonite (11.4%), akermanite (11.1%), and gehlenite (2.3%). The engineering tests of the raw material showed the plasticity according to the Atterberg limits varies from low to high, low volumetric and linear shrinkage during drying and firing with a temperature at 950°C. The raw material produced bricks with 156 kg/cm2 uniaxial compressive strength, 23.4% water absorption and nil to low efflorescence. The results indicate the success of the Late Miocene clay in the manufacture of bricks for medium to high quality within the A and B category based on the Iraqi standard specification No.25 in 1993. https://journalskuwait.org/kjs/index.php/KJS/article/view/9006BricksCompressive strengthGeotechnical evaluationInjana Formation claystone. |
| spellingShingle | Salih Mohammad Awadh Ali Mutlag Awad Evaluation of the Injana claystone from Central Iraq for the brick industry Kuwait Journal of Science Bricks Compressive strength Geotechnical evaluation Injana Formation claystone. |
| title | Evaluation of the Injana claystone from Central Iraq for the brick industry |
| title_full | Evaluation of the Injana claystone from Central Iraq for the brick industry |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of the Injana claystone from Central Iraq for the brick industry |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of the Injana claystone from Central Iraq for the brick industry |
| title_short | Evaluation of the Injana claystone from Central Iraq for the brick industry |
| title_sort | evaluation of the injana claystone from central iraq for the brick industry |
| topic | Bricks Compressive strength Geotechnical evaluation Injana Formation claystone. |
| url | https://journalskuwait.org/kjs/index.php/KJS/article/view/9006 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT salihmohammadawadh evaluationoftheinjanaclaystonefromcentraliraqforthebrickindustry AT alimutlagawad evaluationoftheinjanaclaystonefromcentraliraqforthebrickindustry |