Design and Test of an Embedded Real-Time Compact Voltage Fingerprinting Algorithm for Enhanced Automotive Cybersecurity
The article proposes an algorithm for monitoring data traffic in CAN networks on board vehicles. This algorithm detects cyber-attacks through statistical analysis of voltage samples from the protocol’s physical layer. The method aims to be compact and achieve real-time throughput for impl...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IEEE
2025-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Access |
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| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10966903/ |
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| author | Pierpaolo Dini Ettore Soldaini Sergio Saponara |
| author_facet | Pierpaolo Dini Ettore Soldaini Sergio Saponara |
| author_sort | Pierpaolo Dini |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The article proposes an algorithm for monitoring data traffic in CAN networks on board vehicles. This algorithm detects cyber-attacks through statistical analysis of voltage samples from the protocol’s physical layer. The method aims to be compact and achieve real-time throughput for implementation on an embedded platform. In the article are shown tests of the proposed method on the Automotive MCU AURIX TC375. The Electronic Control Unit (ECU) classification algorithm results from the re-elaboration of the K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) method. Using.dbc and recorded.asc traces acquired from a real vehicle (Giulietta Alfa Romeo model), the message traffic is reconstructed and replicated via experimental prototype, providing different voltage levels for each device used to emulate the ECU. The article evaluates the algorithm performance through extensive experiments, assessing its ability to detect traffic anomalies in various attack scenarios. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2f3f018e78d04cea92782ea3f7855f19 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Access |
| spelling | doaj-art-2f3f018e78d04cea92782ea3f7855f192025-08-20T03:48:46ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362025-01-0113731837320110.1109/ACCESS.2025.356162810966903Design and Test of an Embedded Real-Time Compact Voltage Fingerprinting Algorithm for Enhanced Automotive CybersecurityPierpaolo Dini0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9425-7354Ettore Soldaini1Sergio Saponara2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6724-4219Department of Information Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, ItalyETEC Department, MOBI-EPOWERS Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussel, BelgiumDepartment of Information Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, ItalyThe article proposes an algorithm for monitoring data traffic in CAN networks on board vehicles. This algorithm detects cyber-attacks through statistical analysis of voltage samples from the protocol’s physical layer. The method aims to be compact and achieve real-time throughput for implementation on an embedded platform. In the article are shown tests of the proposed method on the Automotive MCU AURIX TC375. The Electronic Control Unit (ECU) classification algorithm results from the re-elaboration of the K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) method. Using.dbc and recorded.asc traces acquired from a real vehicle (Giulietta Alfa Romeo model), the message traffic is reconstructed and replicated via experimental prototype, providing different voltage levels for each device used to emulate the ECU. The article evaluates the algorithm performance through extensive experiments, assessing its ability to detect traffic anomalies in various attack scenarios.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10966903/Cyber-securityin-vehicle networkingautomotivecontroller area networkECU fingerprintingembedded |
| spellingShingle | Pierpaolo Dini Ettore Soldaini Sergio Saponara Design and Test of an Embedded Real-Time Compact Voltage Fingerprinting Algorithm for Enhanced Automotive Cybersecurity IEEE Access Cyber-security in-vehicle networking automotive controller area network ECU fingerprinting embedded |
| title | Design and Test of an Embedded Real-Time Compact Voltage Fingerprinting Algorithm for Enhanced Automotive Cybersecurity |
| title_full | Design and Test of an Embedded Real-Time Compact Voltage Fingerprinting Algorithm for Enhanced Automotive Cybersecurity |
| title_fullStr | Design and Test of an Embedded Real-Time Compact Voltage Fingerprinting Algorithm for Enhanced Automotive Cybersecurity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Design and Test of an Embedded Real-Time Compact Voltage Fingerprinting Algorithm for Enhanced Automotive Cybersecurity |
| title_short | Design and Test of an Embedded Real-Time Compact Voltage Fingerprinting Algorithm for Enhanced Automotive Cybersecurity |
| title_sort | design and test of an embedded real time compact voltage fingerprinting algorithm for enhanced automotive cybersecurity |
| topic | Cyber-security in-vehicle networking automotive controller area network ECU fingerprinting embedded |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10966903/ |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT pierpaolodini designandtestofanembeddedrealtimecompactvoltagefingerprintingalgorithmforenhancedautomotivecybersecurity AT ettoresoldaini designandtestofanembeddedrealtimecompactvoltagefingerprintingalgorithmforenhancedautomotivecybersecurity AT sergiosaponara designandtestofanembeddedrealtimecompactvoltagefingerprintingalgorithmforenhancedautomotivecybersecurity |