Patient Factors Associated with Recurrent Herniation and Revision Surgery following Lumbar Microdiscectomy

Introduction: Lumbar microdiscectomy is a commonly conducted surgical procedure for treating symptomatic lumbar disc herniations. Recurrence of herniation is a common cause of poor outcomes and the need for revision surgery, which occurs in as many as 21% of patients following primary discectomy. Id...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ryan Hoang, Junho Song, Justin Tiao, Alex Ngan, Timothy Hoang, John J. Corvi, Nikan K. Namiri, Saad Chaudhary, Samuel K. Cho, Andrew C. Hecht, David Essig, Sohrab Virk, Austen D. Katz
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: The Japanese Society for Spine Surgery and Related Research 2025-03-01
Series:Spine Surgery and Related Research
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/ssrr/9/2/9_2024-0148/_pdf/-char/en
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850185513615491072
author Ryan Hoang
Junho Song
Justin Tiao
Alex Ngan
Timothy Hoang
John J. Corvi
Nikan K. Namiri
Saad Chaudhary
Samuel K. Cho
Andrew C. Hecht
David Essig
Sohrab Virk
Austen D. Katz
author_facet Ryan Hoang
Junho Song
Justin Tiao
Alex Ngan
Timothy Hoang
John J. Corvi
Nikan K. Namiri
Saad Chaudhary
Samuel K. Cho
Andrew C. Hecht
David Essig
Sohrab Virk
Austen D. Katz
author_sort Ryan Hoang
collection DOAJ
description Introduction: Lumbar microdiscectomy is a commonly conducted surgical procedure for treating symptomatic lumbar disc herniations. Recurrence of herniation is a common cause of poor outcomes and the need for revision surgery, which occurs in as many as 21% of patients following primary discectomy. Identifying factors that are associated with the recurrence of herniation may be valuable for risk stratification and patient counseling. This study aimed to explore the relationship between various patient demographic variables and comorbidities and rates of reoperation after primary lumbar microdiscectomy. Methods: The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database was queried for patients who were undergoing single-level primary lumbar microdiscectomy between 2016 and 2022. Eligibility for inclusion was determined by age >18 years and current procedural terminology codes 63030 and 63042. Patients with preoperative sepsis or cancer were excluded. Patient demographics, including age, race, ethnicity, and body mass index (BMI), and various comorbidities were compared between cohorts. To determine factors independently associated with the need for revision microdiscectomy, multivariable Poisson regressions were utilized. Results: In this study, a total of 65,121 primary discectomy patients were included, with a separate cohort of 6,971 patients undergoing revision discectomy. In comparison with primary patients, the revision cohort was older and had higher proportions of female and non-Hispanic White patients (all c0.001). The odds ratio for revision discectomy was greater in patients aged 65 years (1.577, 95% CI [1.480, 1.680]) than in those aged <45 years (p>0.001). The odds ratio for revision was lower in Black (0.821, 95% CI [0.738, 0.914]) and Hispanic patients (0.819, 95% CI [0.738, 0.909]) when compared with non-Hispanic White patients (p<0.001). Obese patients with BMI 35 (1.193, 95% CI [1.103, 1.290]) were at greater risk of revision than those with BMI <25 (p<0.001). Diabetes (1.326, 95% CI [1.242, 1.416], p<0.001), functional dependence (1.411, 95% CI [1.183, 1.683], p<0.001), chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (1.315, 95% CI [1.137, 1.512], p<0.001), hypertension (1.398, 95% CI [1.330, 1.470], p<0.001), and smoking (1.082, 95% CI [1.018, 1.151], p=0.012) were associated with greater risk of revision. Poisson log-linear regression demonstrated sex (χ2=19.9, p<0.001), race (χ2=39.5, p<0.001), diabetes (χ2=10.1, p=0.001), smoking (χ2=18.5, p<0.001), hypertension (χ2=16.4, p<0.001), age (χ2=102.4, p<0.001), and BMI (χ2=4.7, p=0.029) as significant predictors of revision, with steroid use (χ2=3.5, p=0.061) and functional status (χ2=3.7, p=0.055) approaching significance. Conclusions: Patient demographics, comorbidities, and rehabilitative status may be significantly associated with rates of reherniation and revision surgery following lumbar microdiscectomy. We found that the significant predictors of revision surgery are functional dependence, advanced age, male sex, White race, obesity, diabetes, smoking, and hypertension. Early identification and attendance to the modifiable risk factors will aid patient guidance and outcomes following primary lumbar microdiscectomy.
format Article
id doaj-art-2f343ab7519c41a4a2a680b16e6f5d26
institution OA Journals
issn 2432-261X
language English
publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher The Japanese Society for Spine Surgery and Related Research
record_format Article
series Spine Surgery and Related Research
spelling doaj-art-2f343ab7519c41a4a2a680b16e6f5d262025-08-20T02:16:43ZengThe Japanese Society for Spine Surgery and Related ResearchSpine Surgery and Related Research2432-261X2025-03-019224425010.22603/ssrr.2024-01482024-0148Patient Factors Associated with Recurrent Herniation and Revision Surgery following Lumbar MicrodiscectomyRyan Hoang0Junho Song1Justin Tiao2Alex Ngan3Timothy Hoang4John J. Corvi5Nikan K. Namiri6Saad Chaudhary7Samuel K. Cho8Andrew C. Hecht9David Essig10Sohrab Virk11Austen D. Katz12Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of California Irvine School of Medicine Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Northwell Health Long Island Jewish Medical CenterDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Northwell Health Long Island Jewish Medical CenterDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Northwell Health Long Island Jewish Medical CenterDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Northwell Health Long Island Jewish Medical CenterIntroduction: Lumbar microdiscectomy is a commonly conducted surgical procedure for treating symptomatic lumbar disc herniations. Recurrence of herniation is a common cause of poor outcomes and the need for revision surgery, which occurs in as many as 21% of patients following primary discectomy. Identifying factors that are associated with the recurrence of herniation may be valuable for risk stratification and patient counseling. This study aimed to explore the relationship between various patient demographic variables and comorbidities and rates of reoperation after primary lumbar microdiscectomy. Methods: The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database was queried for patients who were undergoing single-level primary lumbar microdiscectomy between 2016 and 2022. Eligibility for inclusion was determined by age >18 years and current procedural terminology codes 63030 and 63042. Patients with preoperative sepsis or cancer were excluded. Patient demographics, including age, race, ethnicity, and body mass index (BMI), and various comorbidities were compared between cohorts. To determine factors independently associated with the need for revision microdiscectomy, multivariable Poisson regressions were utilized. Results: In this study, a total of 65,121 primary discectomy patients were included, with a separate cohort of 6,971 patients undergoing revision discectomy. In comparison with primary patients, the revision cohort was older and had higher proportions of female and non-Hispanic White patients (all c0.001). The odds ratio for revision discectomy was greater in patients aged 65 years (1.577, 95% CI [1.480, 1.680]) than in those aged <45 years (p>0.001). The odds ratio for revision was lower in Black (0.821, 95% CI [0.738, 0.914]) and Hispanic patients (0.819, 95% CI [0.738, 0.909]) when compared with non-Hispanic White patients (p<0.001). Obese patients with BMI 35 (1.193, 95% CI [1.103, 1.290]) were at greater risk of revision than those with BMI <25 (p<0.001). Diabetes (1.326, 95% CI [1.242, 1.416], p<0.001), functional dependence (1.411, 95% CI [1.183, 1.683], p<0.001), chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (1.315, 95% CI [1.137, 1.512], p<0.001), hypertension (1.398, 95% CI [1.330, 1.470], p<0.001), and smoking (1.082, 95% CI [1.018, 1.151], p=0.012) were associated with greater risk of revision. Poisson log-linear regression demonstrated sex (χ2=19.9, p<0.001), race (χ2=39.5, p<0.001), diabetes (χ2=10.1, p=0.001), smoking (χ2=18.5, p<0.001), hypertension (χ2=16.4, p<0.001), age (χ2=102.4, p<0.001), and BMI (χ2=4.7, p=0.029) as significant predictors of revision, with steroid use (χ2=3.5, p=0.061) and functional status (χ2=3.7, p=0.055) approaching significance. Conclusions: Patient demographics, comorbidities, and rehabilitative status may be significantly associated with rates of reherniation and revision surgery following lumbar microdiscectomy. We found that the significant predictors of revision surgery are functional dependence, advanced age, male sex, White race, obesity, diabetes, smoking, and hypertension. Early identification and attendance to the modifiable risk factors will aid patient guidance and outcomes following primary lumbar microdiscectomy.https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/ssrr/9/2/9_2024-0148/_pdf/-char/enrecurrent herniationlumbarmicrodiscectomydiscectomyrevisionrisk factorscomorbidities
spellingShingle Ryan Hoang
Junho Song
Justin Tiao
Alex Ngan
Timothy Hoang
John J. Corvi
Nikan K. Namiri
Saad Chaudhary
Samuel K. Cho
Andrew C. Hecht
David Essig
Sohrab Virk
Austen D. Katz
Patient Factors Associated with Recurrent Herniation and Revision Surgery following Lumbar Microdiscectomy
Spine Surgery and Related Research
recurrent herniation
lumbar
microdiscectomy
discectomy
revision
risk factors
comorbidities
title Patient Factors Associated with Recurrent Herniation and Revision Surgery following Lumbar Microdiscectomy
title_full Patient Factors Associated with Recurrent Herniation and Revision Surgery following Lumbar Microdiscectomy
title_fullStr Patient Factors Associated with Recurrent Herniation and Revision Surgery following Lumbar Microdiscectomy
title_full_unstemmed Patient Factors Associated with Recurrent Herniation and Revision Surgery following Lumbar Microdiscectomy
title_short Patient Factors Associated with Recurrent Herniation and Revision Surgery following Lumbar Microdiscectomy
title_sort patient factors associated with recurrent herniation and revision surgery following lumbar microdiscectomy
topic recurrent herniation
lumbar
microdiscectomy
discectomy
revision
risk factors
comorbidities
url https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/ssrr/9/2/9_2024-0148/_pdf/-char/en
work_keys_str_mv AT ryanhoang patientfactorsassociatedwithrecurrentherniationandrevisionsurgeryfollowinglumbarmicrodiscectomy
AT junhosong patientfactorsassociatedwithrecurrentherniationandrevisionsurgeryfollowinglumbarmicrodiscectomy
AT justintiao patientfactorsassociatedwithrecurrentherniationandrevisionsurgeryfollowinglumbarmicrodiscectomy
AT alexngan patientfactorsassociatedwithrecurrentherniationandrevisionsurgeryfollowinglumbarmicrodiscectomy
AT timothyhoang patientfactorsassociatedwithrecurrentherniationandrevisionsurgeryfollowinglumbarmicrodiscectomy
AT johnjcorvi patientfactorsassociatedwithrecurrentherniationandrevisionsurgeryfollowinglumbarmicrodiscectomy
AT nikanknamiri patientfactorsassociatedwithrecurrentherniationandrevisionsurgeryfollowinglumbarmicrodiscectomy
AT saadchaudhary patientfactorsassociatedwithrecurrentherniationandrevisionsurgeryfollowinglumbarmicrodiscectomy
AT samuelkcho patientfactorsassociatedwithrecurrentherniationandrevisionsurgeryfollowinglumbarmicrodiscectomy
AT andrewchecht patientfactorsassociatedwithrecurrentherniationandrevisionsurgeryfollowinglumbarmicrodiscectomy
AT davidessig patientfactorsassociatedwithrecurrentherniationandrevisionsurgeryfollowinglumbarmicrodiscectomy
AT sohrabvirk patientfactorsassociatedwithrecurrentherniationandrevisionsurgeryfollowinglumbarmicrodiscectomy
AT austendkatz patientfactorsassociatedwithrecurrentherniationandrevisionsurgeryfollowinglumbarmicrodiscectomy