The effect of physical activity and life events on mental health of college students: the mediating role of psychological vulnerability

Abstract Background Life events are important risk factors for negative psychology such as depression and anxiety. However, individuals who experienced the same life events might not necessarily develop mental health problems. Some inherent psychological qualities among individuals may determine the...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Zhifeng Wang, Fengyun Wang, Baolei Ma, Haihong Xue, Botao Liu, Dongmei Wang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-03-01
Series:BMC Psychology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-025-02539-w
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850040234959437824
author Zhifeng Wang
Fengyun Wang
Baolei Ma
Haihong Xue
Botao Liu
Dongmei Wang
author_facet Zhifeng Wang
Fengyun Wang
Baolei Ma
Haihong Xue
Botao Liu
Dongmei Wang
author_sort Zhifeng Wang
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Life events are important risk factors for negative psychology such as depression and anxiety. However, individuals who experienced the same life events might not necessarily develop mental health problems. Some inherent psychological qualities among individuals may determine their mental health status under life events. Physical activity is beneficial to physical and mental health. What is the combined effect of physical activity and life events on individual depression and anxiety, and whether it can alleviate the psychological risk induced by life events, at present, there is no relevant research report. Objective To systematically analyze the combined effect of physical activity and life events on mental health of college students and the related mediating mechanism. Methods Guided by a series of hypotheses, the study conducted a cross-sectional survey on the physical activity level, life event experience, psychological vulnerability, depression and anxiety of 3552 Chinese college students. On the basis of hierarchical comparison, correlation analysis, logistics regression analysis and structural equation model method were further used to explore the effect of physical activity and life events on mental health and the relationship between variables, and to test the research hypotheses in sequence. Results Physical activity was negatively but life events were positively correlated with anxiety and depression; Psychological vulnerability played a partial mediating role between physical activity and life events and mental health, accounting for 22.17% and 23.42% of the total effect, respectively; Physical activity and life events had an interaction effect on mental health, and psychological vulnerability played a completely mediating role, accounting for 91.86% of the total effect; Physical activity could significantly reverse the negative effect of life events on mental health. Conclusions Life events are important risk factors for poor mental health such as depression and anxiety. However, physical activity can effectively reverse the adverse effects of life events on mental health, and it is related to the mediating role of psychological vulnerability.
format Article
id doaj-art-2f33e7f75b0441da83cedccb07d56602
institution DOAJ
issn 2050-7283
language English
publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series BMC Psychology
spelling doaj-art-2f33e7f75b0441da83cedccb07d566022025-08-20T02:56:09ZengBMCBMC Psychology2050-72832025-03-0113111410.1186/s40359-025-02539-wThe effect of physical activity and life events on mental health of college students: the mediating role of psychological vulnerabilityZhifeng Wang0Fengyun Wang1Baolei Ma2Haihong Xue3Botao Liu4Dongmei Wang5Department of Physical Education, Xi’an Polytechnic UniversityDepartment of Physical Education, Xi’an Polytechnic UniversityDepartment of Physical Education, Xi’an Polytechnic UniversityDepartment of Physical Education, Xi’an Polytechnic UniversitySchool of Mathematical Sciences, Xinjiang Normal UniversityCollege of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesAbstract Background Life events are important risk factors for negative psychology such as depression and anxiety. However, individuals who experienced the same life events might not necessarily develop mental health problems. Some inherent psychological qualities among individuals may determine their mental health status under life events. Physical activity is beneficial to physical and mental health. What is the combined effect of physical activity and life events on individual depression and anxiety, and whether it can alleviate the psychological risk induced by life events, at present, there is no relevant research report. Objective To systematically analyze the combined effect of physical activity and life events on mental health of college students and the related mediating mechanism. Methods Guided by a series of hypotheses, the study conducted a cross-sectional survey on the physical activity level, life event experience, psychological vulnerability, depression and anxiety of 3552 Chinese college students. On the basis of hierarchical comparison, correlation analysis, logistics regression analysis and structural equation model method were further used to explore the effect of physical activity and life events on mental health and the relationship between variables, and to test the research hypotheses in sequence. Results Physical activity was negatively but life events were positively correlated with anxiety and depression; Psychological vulnerability played a partial mediating role between physical activity and life events and mental health, accounting for 22.17% and 23.42% of the total effect, respectively; Physical activity and life events had an interaction effect on mental health, and psychological vulnerability played a completely mediating role, accounting for 91.86% of the total effect; Physical activity could significantly reverse the negative effect of life events on mental health. Conclusions Life events are important risk factors for poor mental health such as depression and anxiety. However, physical activity can effectively reverse the adverse effects of life events on mental health, and it is related to the mediating role of psychological vulnerability.https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-025-02539-wPhysical activityLife eventsAnxietyDepressionPsychological vulnerabilityMediating role
spellingShingle Zhifeng Wang
Fengyun Wang
Baolei Ma
Haihong Xue
Botao Liu
Dongmei Wang
The effect of physical activity and life events on mental health of college students: the mediating role of psychological vulnerability
BMC Psychology
Physical activity
Life events
Anxiety
Depression
Psychological vulnerability
Mediating role
title The effect of physical activity and life events on mental health of college students: the mediating role of psychological vulnerability
title_full The effect of physical activity and life events on mental health of college students: the mediating role of psychological vulnerability
title_fullStr The effect of physical activity and life events on mental health of college students: the mediating role of psychological vulnerability
title_full_unstemmed The effect of physical activity and life events on mental health of college students: the mediating role of psychological vulnerability
title_short The effect of physical activity and life events on mental health of college students: the mediating role of psychological vulnerability
title_sort effect of physical activity and life events on mental health of college students the mediating role of psychological vulnerability
topic Physical activity
Life events
Anxiety
Depression
Psychological vulnerability
Mediating role
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-025-02539-w
work_keys_str_mv AT zhifengwang theeffectofphysicalactivityandlifeeventsonmentalhealthofcollegestudentsthemediatingroleofpsychologicalvulnerability
AT fengyunwang theeffectofphysicalactivityandlifeeventsonmentalhealthofcollegestudentsthemediatingroleofpsychologicalvulnerability
AT baoleima theeffectofphysicalactivityandlifeeventsonmentalhealthofcollegestudentsthemediatingroleofpsychologicalvulnerability
AT haihongxue theeffectofphysicalactivityandlifeeventsonmentalhealthofcollegestudentsthemediatingroleofpsychologicalvulnerability
AT botaoliu theeffectofphysicalactivityandlifeeventsonmentalhealthofcollegestudentsthemediatingroleofpsychologicalvulnerability
AT dongmeiwang theeffectofphysicalactivityandlifeeventsonmentalhealthofcollegestudentsthemediatingroleofpsychologicalvulnerability
AT zhifengwang effectofphysicalactivityandlifeeventsonmentalhealthofcollegestudentsthemediatingroleofpsychologicalvulnerability
AT fengyunwang effectofphysicalactivityandlifeeventsonmentalhealthofcollegestudentsthemediatingroleofpsychologicalvulnerability
AT baoleima effectofphysicalactivityandlifeeventsonmentalhealthofcollegestudentsthemediatingroleofpsychologicalvulnerability
AT haihongxue effectofphysicalactivityandlifeeventsonmentalhealthofcollegestudentsthemediatingroleofpsychologicalvulnerability
AT botaoliu effectofphysicalactivityandlifeeventsonmentalhealthofcollegestudentsthemediatingroleofpsychologicalvulnerability
AT dongmeiwang effectofphysicalactivityandlifeeventsonmentalhealthofcollegestudentsthemediatingroleofpsychologicalvulnerability