A computational modeling approach to brief slow-paced breathing and mental health moderators of decision-making under uncertainty in college students

Decision-making is a critical cognitive function that can be significantly impacted by stress and other mental health factors. While interventions such as slow-paced breathing (SPB) have been shown to reduce stress and enhance executive functioning, their effects on decision-making under uncertainty...

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Main Authors: Kaileigh A. Byrne, June J. Pilcher, Yizhou Liu, Michael R. Spinelli, Margaret L. Rosinski, Madelyn G. Brancato, Delaini Daughenbaugh, Anthony Alvarado Batres
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-08-01
Series:Acta Psychologica
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0001691825005359
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author Kaileigh A. Byrne
June J. Pilcher
Yizhou Liu
Michael R. Spinelli
Margaret L. Rosinski
Madelyn G. Brancato
Delaini Daughenbaugh
Anthony Alvarado Batres
author_facet Kaileigh A. Byrne
June J. Pilcher
Yizhou Liu
Michael R. Spinelli
Margaret L. Rosinski
Madelyn G. Brancato
Delaini Daughenbaugh
Anthony Alvarado Batres
author_sort Kaileigh A. Byrne
collection DOAJ
description Decision-making is a critical cognitive function that can be significantly impacted by stress and other mental health factors. While interventions such as slow-paced breathing (SPB) have been shown to reduce stress and enhance executive functioning, their effects on decision-making under uncertainty remain poorly understood. This study examined the effect of a brief SPB intervention on Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) performance and assessed whether individual differences in mental health symptoms differentially impacted such effects. College students (n = 216) were randomized into an SPB intervention or mind-wandering control condition. Participants completed mental health and state surveys, the assigned manipulation, and the IGT. Expectancy valence and prospect valence learning (PVL) computational models were fit to the data to assess specific decision-making strategies. Mixed ANOVA results showed that the SPB intervention reduced self-reported stress and arousal (ps < 0.05). Critically, regression results demonstrated a significant interaction between condition and perceived stress for IGT performance (β = 0.858, p = 0.034) and the PVL model recency (β = −0.507, p = 0.037) and consistency (β = 0.638, p = 0.010) parameters. This key finding revealed that higher perceived stress was associated with worse decision-making in the control but better decision-making in the SPB intervention. The control's IGT data were best fit by higher recency and lower choice consistency parameter values than the SPB condition. Higher stress in the control condition was linked to more random, short-sighted choices, while SPB mitigated these suboptimal strategies. This study is among the first to demonstrate that perceived stress impairs decision-making in college students, but a brief slow-paced breathing intervention can mitigate these negative effects.
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spelling doaj-art-2f003bb446ac42988190a79253a280fd2025-08-20T03:08:17ZengElsevierActa Psychologica0001-69182025-08-0125810522210.1016/j.actpsy.2025.105222A computational modeling approach to brief slow-paced breathing and mental health moderators of decision-making under uncertainty in college studentsKaileigh A. Byrne0June J. Pilcher1Yizhou Liu2Michael R. Spinelli3Margaret L. Rosinski4Madelyn G. Brancato5Delaini Daughenbaugh6Anthony Alvarado Batres7Corresponding author at: Department of Psychology, 418 Brackett Hall, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.; Department of Psychology, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USADepartment of Psychology, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USADepartment of Psychology, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USADepartment of Psychology, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USADepartment of Psychology, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USADepartment of Psychology, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USADepartment of Psychology, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USADepartment of Psychology, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USADecision-making is a critical cognitive function that can be significantly impacted by stress and other mental health factors. While interventions such as slow-paced breathing (SPB) have been shown to reduce stress and enhance executive functioning, their effects on decision-making under uncertainty remain poorly understood. This study examined the effect of a brief SPB intervention on Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) performance and assessed whether individual differences in mental health symptoms differentially impacted such effects. College students (n = 216) were randomized into an SPB intervention or mind-wandering control condition. Participants completed mental health and state surveys, the assigned manipulation, and the IGT. Expectancy valence and prospect valence learning (PVL) computational models were fit to the data to assess specific decision-making strategies. Mixed ANOVA results showed that the SPB intervention reduced self-reported stress and arousal (ps < 0.05). Critically, regression results demonstrated a significant interaction between condition and perceived stress for IGT performance (β = 0.858, p = 0.034) and the PVL model recency (β = −0.507, p = 0.037) and consistency (β = 0.638, p = 0.010) parameters. This key finding revealed that higher perceived stress was associated with worse decision-making in the control but better decision-making in the SPB intervention. The control's IGT data were best fit by higher recency and lower choice consistency parameter values than the SPB condition. Higher stress in the control condition was linked to more random, short-sighted choices, while SPB mitigated these suboptimal strategies. This study is among the first to demonstrate that perceived stress impairs decision-making in college students, but a brief slow-paced breathing intervention can mitigate these negative effects.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0001691825005359Decision-makingSlow-paced breathingComputational modelingArousalStress
spellingShingle Kaileigh A. Byrne
June J. Pilcher
Yizhou Liu
Michael R. Spinelli
Margaret L. Rosinski
Madelyn G. Brancato
Delaini Daughenbaugh
Anthony Alvarado Batres
A computational modeling approach to brief slow-paced breathing and mental health moderators of decision-making under uncertainty in college students
Acta Psychologica
Decision-making
Slow-paced breathing
Computational modeling
Arousal
Stress
title A computational modeling approach to brief slow-paced breathing and mental health moderators of decision-making under uncertainty in college students
title_full A computational modeling approach to brief slow-paced breathing and mental health moderators of decision-making under uncertainty in college students
title_fullStr A computational modeling approach to brief slow-paced breathing and mental health moderators of decision-making under uncertainty in college students
title_full_unstemmed A computational modeling approach to brief slow-paced breathing and mental health moderators of decision-making under uncertainty in college students
title_short A computational modeling approach to brief slow-paced breathing and mental health moderators of decision-making under uncertainty in college students
title_sort computational modeling approach to brief slow paced breathing and mental health moderators of decision making under uncertainty in college students
topic Decision-making
Slow-paced breathing
Computational modeling
Arousal
Stress
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0001691825005359
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