Impact of Thermonuclear Reaction Rate Uncertainties on the Identification of Presolar Grains from Classical Novae

Approximately 30%–40% of classical novae generate dust between 20 and 100 days following the eruption. However, there has yet to be a definitive identification of presolar stardust grains originating from classical novae. While multiple studies have suggested a nova origin for specific grains, align...

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Main Authors: Lauren Ward, Christian Iliadis, Maitrayee Bose, Caleb Marshall, Athanasios Psaltis, Sumner Starrfield
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IOP Publishing 2025-01-01
Series:The Astrophysical Journal
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/add47a
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author Lauren Ward
Christian Iliadis
Maitrayee Bose
Caleb Marshall
Athanasios Psaltis
Sumner Starrfield
author_facet Lauren Ward
Christian Iliadis
Maitrayee Bose
Caleb Marshall
Athanasios Psaltis
Sumner Starrfield
author_sort Lauren Ward
collection DOAJ
description Approximately 30%–40% of classical novae generate dust between 20 and 100 days following the eruption. However, there has yet to be a definitive identification of presolar stardust grains originating from classical novae. While multiple studies have suggested a nova origin for specific grains, aligning simultaneously all measured isotopic ratios of a specific grain with those predicted from simulations remains challenging. Using Monte Carlo simulations, this work investigates how uncertainties in thermonuclear reaction rates influence the isotopic ratios predicted in simulations of classical novae, specifically impacting the identification of presolar grains. In particular, we address two questions: (i) What is the impact of uncertainties in reaction rates on the range of isotopic ratios predicted by classical nova simulations? (ii) Which reaction rate uncertainties most significantly influence the predicted abundance ratios in presolar grains? Our results show that current reaction rate uncertainties affect the isotopic ratios of ^12 C/ ^13 C, ^14 N/ ^15 N, ^16 O/ ^17 O, ^16 O/ ^18 O, ^24 Mg/ ^25 Mg, ^24 Mg/ ^26 Mg, ^26 Al/ ^27 Al, and ^28 Si/ ^29 Si by less than 20% in either carbon–oxygen or oxygen–neon (ONe) novae, especially when considering the mixing of matter throughout the entire envelope. However, the isotopic ratios of ^28 Si/ ^30 Si, ^32 S/ ^33 S, and ^32 S/ ^34 S in ONe novae are exceptions: their variability greatly exceeds a factor of 2 due to the uncertainties in the reaction rates of ^30 P(p, γ ) ^31 S, ^33 S(p, γ ) ^34 Cl, and ^34 S(p, γ ) ^35 Cl, respectively. These results highlight the significant influence of specific reaction rates on the predicted abundance ratios and underscore the necessity for accurate nuclear measurements to reduce these uncertainties.
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spelling doaj-art-2ef64096913d4039bc4b45c73d1387182025-08-20T02:35:33ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal1538-43572025-01-01986110910.3847/1538-4357/add47aImpact of Thermonuclear Reaction Rate Uncertainties on the Identification of Presolar Grains from Classical NovaeLauren Ward0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7948-3345Christian Iliadis1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-0412Maitrayee Bose2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7978-6370Caleb Marshall3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1194-2920Athanasios Psaltis4https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2197-0797Sumner Starrfield5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1359-6312Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , NC 27599-3255, USA; Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory (TUNL), Duke University , Durham, NC 27708, USADepartment of Physics & Astronomy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , NC 27599-3255, USA; Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory (TUNL), Duke University , Durham, NC 27708, USAEarth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University , P.O. Box 871404, Tempe, AZ 85287-6004, USA; Center for Isotope Analysis (CIA), Arizona State University , Tempe, AZ 85287-1404, USADepartment of Physics & Astronomy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , NC 27599-3255, USA; Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory (TUNL), Duke University , Durham, NC 27708, USATriangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory (TUNL), Duke University , Durham, NC 27708, USAEarth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University , P.O. Box 871404, Tempe, AZ 85287-6004, USAApproximately 30%–40% of classical novae generate dust between 20 and 100 days following the eruption. However, there has yet to be a definitive identification of presolar stardust grains originating from classical novae. While multiple studies have suggested a nova origin for specific grains, aligning simultaneously all measured isotopic ratios of a specific grain with those predicted from simulations remains challenging. Using Monte Carlo simulations, this work investigates how uncertainties in thermonuclear reaction rates influence the isotopic ratios predicted in simulations of classical novae, specifically impacting the identification of presolar grains. In particular, we address two questions: (i) What is the impact of uncertainties in reaction rates on the range of isotopic ratios predicted by classical nova simulations? (ii) Which reaction rate uncertainties most significantly influence the predicted abundance ratios in presolar grains? Our results show that current reaction rate uncertainties affect the isotopic ratios of ^12 C/ ^13 C, ^14 N/ ^15 N, ^16 O/ ^17 O, ^16 O/ ^18 O, ^24 Mg/ ^25 Mg, ^24 Mg/ ^26 Mg, ^26 Al/ ^27 Al, and ^28 Si/ ^29 Si by less than 20% in either carbon–oxygen or oxygen–neon (ONe) novae, especially when considering the mixing of matter throughout the entire envelope. However, the isotopic ratios of ^28 Si/ ^30 Si, ^32 S/ ^33 S, and ^32 S/ ^34 S in ONe novae are exceptions: their variability greatly exceeds a factor of 2 due to the uncertainties in the reaction rates of ^30 P(p, γ ) ^31 S, ^33 S(p, γ ) ^34 Cl, and ^34 S(p, γ ) ^35 Cl, respectively. These results highlight the significant influence of specific reaction rates on the predicted abundance ratios and underscore the necessity for accurate nuclear measurements to reduce these uncertainties.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/add47aClassical novae
spellingShingle Lauren Ward
Christian Iliadis
Maitrayee Bose
Caleb Marshall
Athanasios Psaltis
Sumner Starrfield
Impact of Thermonuclear Reaction Rate Uncertainties on the Identification of Presolar Grains from Classical Novae
The Astrophysical Journal
Classical novae
title Impact of Thermonuclear Reaction Rate Uncertainties on the Identification of Presolar Grains from Classical Novae
title_full Impact of Thermonuclear Reaction Rate Uncertainties on the Identification of Presolar Grains from Classical Novae
title_fullStr Impact of Thermonuclear Reaction Rate Uncertainties on the Identification of Presolar Grains from Classical Novae
title_full_unstemmed Impact of Thermonuclear Reaction Rate Uncertainties on the Identification of Presolar Grains from Classical Novae
title_short Impact of Thermonuclear Reaction Rate Uncertainties on the Identification of Presolar Grains from Classical Novae
title_sort impact of thermonuclear reaction rate uncertainties on the identification of presolar grains from classical novae
topic Classical novae
url https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/add47a
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