Trends in the disease burden of early-onset cancers in China from 1990 to 2021: a systematic analysis of the 2021 Global Burden of Disease study
Abstract Background In recent years, the incidence of early-onset cancers among individuals under 50 years of age has been on the rise. We aimed to analyze the disease burden and temporal trends of early-onset cancers in China, providing a basis for policymakers to develop appropriate strategies. Me...
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BMC
2025-07-01
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| Series: | BMC Cancer |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-025-14578-y |
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| author | Jicun Zhu Tiandong Li Jiajun Chen Wenhua Xue Shuhong Liang Chen Xie Xiting Han Weiwei Hao Yixin He Gaoxing Qiao Xiaoran Duan Lifeng Li Jie Zhao |
| author_facet | Jicun Zhu Tiandong Li Jiajun Chen Wenhua Xue Shuhong Liang Chen Xie Xiting Han Weiwei Hao Yixin He Gaoxing Qiao Xiaoran Duan Lifeng Li Jie Zhao |
| author_sort | Jicun Zhu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background In recent years, the incidence of early-onset cancers among individuals under 50 years of age has been on the rise. We aimed to analyze the disease burden and temporal trends of early-onset cancers in China, providing a basis for policymakers to develop appropriate strategies. Methods We utilized data from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study to describe the changes in early-onset cancers in China from 1990 to 2021, including incidence, mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). The age-standardized average annual percentage change (AAPC) was estimated using the Joinpoint regression program. Results From 1990 to 2021, the incidence rate of all early-onset cancers in China increased by 150.72 per 100,000, while the mortality and DALY rates decreased by 4.30 per 100,000 and 279.34 per 100,000, respectively. In 2021, early-onset breast cancer had the highest incidence rate (17.14 per 100,000), and trachea/bronchus/lung cancer had the highest mortality rate (6.15 per 100,000) and DALY rate (292.48 per 100,000). The standardized DALY rate of all early-onset cancers decreased (AAPC = -1.49%, 95% CI: -1.51% to -1.46%), while multiple myeloma, neuroblastoma and other peripheral nervous cell tumors, malignant neoplasm of bone and articular cartilage, kidney cancer, and mesothelioma showed significant increases with AAPC of 4.14% (4.01–4.28%), 3.83% (3.77–3.88%), 1.20% (1.16–1.25%), 0.65% (0.58–0.73%), and 0.33% (0.29–0.37%), respectively. Tobacco consumption (23.01%) was the primary contributor to the disease burden of early-onset cancers in males, whereas unsafe sexual behavior (10.53%) was the primary contributor in females. Conclusion The mortality and DALY rate of early-onset cancers in China decreased, while the incidence rate increased. Trachea/bronchus/lung cancer is one of the most severe early-onset cancers, and effective measures need to be taken against the main risk factors. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2ee3ebd74a584550a1ae9c7d30ed9044 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2407 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | BMC Cancer |
| spelling | doaj-art-2ee3ebd74a584550a1ae9c7d30ed90442025-08-20T04:03:02ZengBMCBMC Cancer1471-24072025-07-0125111210.1186/s12885-025-14578-yTrends in the disease burden of early-onset cancers in China from 1990 to 2021: a systematic analysis of the 2021 Global Burden of Disease studyJicun Zhu0Tiandong Li1Jiajun Chen2Wenhua Xue3Shuhong Liang4Chen Xie5Xiting Han6Weiwei Hao7Yixin He8Gaoxing Qiao9Xiaoran Duan10Lifeng Li11Jie Zhao12National Engineering Laboratory for Internet Medical Systems and Applications, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityCollege of Public Health, Zhengzhou UniversityDepartment of Medical Services, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityDepartment of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityDepartment of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityCivil Affairs Office of People’s Livelihood, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityDepartment of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityDepartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityDepartment of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityNational Engineering Laboratory for Internet Medical Systems and Applications, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityNational Engineering Laboratory for Internet Medical Systems and Applications, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityNational Engineering Laboratory for Internet Medical Systems and Applications, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityAbstract Background In recent years, the incidence of early-onset cancers among individuals under 50 years of age has been on the rise. We aimed to analyze the disease burden and temporal trends of early-onset cancers in China, providing a basis for policymakers to develop appropriate strategies. Methods We utilized data from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study to describe the changes in early-onset cancers in China from 1990 to 2021, including incidence, mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). The age-standardized average annual percentage change (AAPC) was estimated using the Joinpoint regression program. Results From 1990 to 2021, the incidence rate of all early-onset cancers in China increased by 150.72 per 100,000, while the mortality and DALY rates decreased by 4.30 per 100,000 and 279.34 per 100,000, respectively. In 2021, early-onset breast cancer had the highest incidence rate (17.14 per 100,000), and trachea/bronchus/lung cancer had the highest mortality rate (6.15 per 100,000) and DALY rate (292.48 per 100,000). The standardized DALY rate of all early-onset cancers decreased (AAPC = -1.49%, 95% CI: -1.51% to -1.46%), while multiple myeloma, neuroblastoma and other peripheral nervous cell tumors, malignant neoplasm of bone and articular cartilage, kidney cancer, and mesothelioma showed significant increases with AAPC of 4.14% (4.01–4.28%), 3.83% (3.77–3.88%), 1.20% (1.16–1.25%), 0.65% (0.58–0.73%), and 0.33% (0.29–0.37%), respectively. Tobacco consumption (23.01%) was the primary contributor to the disease burden of early-onset cancers in males, whereas unsafe sexual behavior (10.53%) was the primary contributor in females. Conclusion The mortality and DALY rate of early-onset cancers in China decreased, while the incidence rate increased. Trachea/bronchus/lung cancer is one of the most severe early-onset cancers, and effective measures need to be taken against the main risk factors.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-025-14578-yChinaEarly-onsetCancerBurden of diseaseTrend |
| spellingShingle | Jicun Zhu Tiandong Li Jiajun Chen Wenhua Xue Shuhong Liang Chen Xie Xiting Han Weiwei Hao Yixin He Gaoxing Qiao Xiaoran Duan Lifeng Li Jie Zhao Trends in the disease burden of early-onset cancers in China from 1990 to 2021: a systematic analysis of the 2021 Global Burden of Disease study BMC Cancer China Early-onset Cancer Burden of disease Trend |
| title | Trends in the disease burden of early-onset cancers in China from 1990 to 2021: a systematic analysis of the 2021 Global Burden of Disease study |
| title_full | Trends in the disease burden of early-onset cancers in China from 1990 to 2021: a systematic analysis of the 2021 Global Burden of Disease study |
| title_fullStr | Trends in the disease burden of early-onset cancers in China from 1990 to 2021: a systematic analysis of the 2021 Global Burden of Disease study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Trends in the disease burden of early-onset cancers in China from 1990 to 2021: a systematic analysis of the 2021 Global Burden of Disease study |
| title_short | Trends in the disease burden of early-onset cancers in China from 1990 to 2021: a systematic analysis of the 2021 Global Burden of Disease study |
| title_sort | trends in the disease burden of early onset cancers in china from 1990 to 2021 a systematic analysis of the 2021 global burden of disease study |
| topic | China Early-onset Cancer Burden of disease Trend |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-025-14578-y |
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