Draining of an ancient lake in the Hexi Corridor 4500 years ago triggered migration of the Hei Shan civilization

Abstract Anthropolohical evidence in the Duanshankou river in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau suggests this was an important prehistoric occupation site in the Hexi Corridor, which later become part of the Silk Road, the route for trans-Eurasian trade. This study highlights the existence and potent...

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Main Authors: Zijuan Dong, Zhenbo Hu, Baotian Pan, David Bridgland, Xiaohua Li, Qinhong Mo, Menghao Li, Meiling Zhong, Renzhe Pan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-05-01
Series:Communications Earth & Environment
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-02384-0
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author Zijuan Dong
Zhenbo Hu
Baotian Pan
David Bridgland
Xiaohua Li
Qinhong Mo
Menghao Li
Meiling Zhong
Renzhe Pan
author_facet Zijuan Dong
Zhenbo Hu
Baotian Pan
David Bridgland
Xiaohua Li
Qinhong Mo
Menghao Li
Meiling Zhong
Renzhe Pan
author_sort Zijuan Dong
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Anthropolohical evidence in the Duanshankou river in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau suggests this was an important prehistoric occupation site in the Hexi Corridor, which later become part of the Silk Road, the route for trans-Eurasian trade. This study highlights the existence and potential importance of an ephemeral palaeolake, formed as a result of seismicity and environmental changes, for the prehistoric civilization in the Hexi Corridor, offering clues to the development of civilisation in this part of the Silk Road in relation to paleoenvironmental changes. Here we analyse sedimentary architecture and sequence chronology, suggesting ancient seismicity led to channel deformation in the valley floor, forming a natural dam and the resultant palaeolake. Drainage of the lake at 4.5 ka, linked to climate fluctuations, triggering human migration from the surrounding mountains to the lower reaches of the Hei River. Our findings reveal that rapid landform evolution probably influenced trans-Eurasian cultural exchange and delayed the formation of the Silk Road.
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institution Kabale University
issn 2662-4435
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Communications Earth & Environment
spelling doaj-art-2ec45410e5d7466c95cd1efd6006f3a72025-08-20T03:54:10ZengNature PortfolioCommunications Earth & Environment2662-44352025-05-01611910.1038/s43247-025-02384-0Draining of an ancient lake in the Hexi Corridor 4500 years ago triggered migration of the Hei Shan civilizationZijuan Dong0Zhenbo Hu1Baotian Pan2David Bridgland3Xiaohua Li4Qinhong Mo5Menghao Li6Meiling Zhong7Renzhe Pan8Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou UniversityKey Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou UniversityKey Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou UniversityDepartment of Geography, Durham University, Lower Mountjoy, South RoadKey Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou UniversityKey Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou UniversityCollege of Geology and Environment, Xi’an University of Science and TechnologyKey Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou UniversityKey Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou UniversityAbstract Anthropolohical evidence in the Duanshankou river in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau suggests this was an important prehistoric occupation site in the Hexi Corridor, which later become part of the Silk Road, the route for trans-Eurasian trade. This study highlights the existence and potential importance of an ephemeral palaeolake, formed as a result of seismicity and environmental changes, for the prehistoric civilization in the Hexi Corridor, offering clues to the development of civilisation in this part of the Silk Road in relation to paleoenvironmental changes. Here we analyse sedimentary architecture and sequence chronology, suggesting ancient seismicity led to channel deformation in the valley floor, forming a natural dam and the resultant palaeolake. Drainage of the lake at 4.5 ka, linked to climate fluctuations, triggering human migration from the surrounding mountains to the lower reaches of the Hei River. Our findings reveal that rapid landform evolution probably influenced trans-Eurasian cultural exchange and delayed the formation of the Silk Road.https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-02384-0
spellingShingle Zijuan Dong
Zhenbo Hu
Baotian Pan
David Bridgland
Xiaohua Li
Qinhong Mo
Menghao Li
Meiling Zhong
Renzhe Pan
Draining of an ancient lake in the Hexi Corridor 4500 years ago triggered migration of the Hei Shan civilization
Communications Earth & Environment
title Draining of an ancient lake in the Hexi Corridor 4500 years ago triggered migration of the Hei Shan civilization
title_full Draining of an ancient lake in the Hexi Corridor 4500 years ago triggered migration of the Hei Shan civilization
title_fullStr Draining of an ancient lake in the Hexi Corridor 4500 years ago triggered migration of the Hei Shan civilization
title_full_unstemmed Draining of an ancient lake in the Hexi Corridor 4500 years ago triggered migration of the Hei Shan civilization
title_short Draining of an ancient lake in the Hexi Corridor 4500 years ago triggered migration of the Hei Shan civilization
title_sort draining of an ancient lake in the hexi corridor 4500 years ago triggered migration of the hei shan civilization
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-02384-0
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