AASNet: A Novel Image Instance Segmentation Framework for Fine-Grained Fish Recognition via Linear Correlation Attention and Dynamic Adaptive Focal Loss

Smart fisheries, integrating advanced technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), and image processing, are pivotal in enhancing aquaculture efficiency, sustainability, and resource management by enabling real-time environmental monitoring, precision feeding, and...

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Main Authors: Jianlei Kong, Shunong Tang, Jiameng Feng, Lipo Mo, Xuebo Jin
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Applied Sciences
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/7/3986
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author Jianlei Kong
Shunong Tang
Jiameng Feng
Lipo Mo
Xuebo Jin
author_facet Jianlei Kong
Shunong Tang
Jiameng Feng
Lipo Mo
Xuebo Jin
author_sort Jianlei Kong
collection DOAJ
description Smart fisheries, integrating advanced technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), and image processing, are pivotal in enhancing aquaculture efficiency, sustainability, and resource management by enabling real-time environmental monitoring, precision feeding, and disease prevention. However, underwater fish recognition faces challenges in complex aquatic environments, which hinder accurate detection and behavioral analysis. To address these issues, we propose a novel image instance segmentation framework based on a deep learning neural network, defined as the AASNet (Agricultural Aqua Segmentation Network). In order to improve the accuracy and real-time availability of fine-grained fish recognition, we introduce a Linear Correlation Attention (LCA) mechanism, which uses Pearson correlation coefficients to capture linear correlations between features. This helps resolve inconsistencies caused by lighting changes and color variations, significantly improving the extraction of semantic information for similar objects. Additionally, Dynamic Adaptive Focal Loss (DAFL) is designed to improve classification under extreme data imbalance conditions. Abundant experiments on two underwater datasets demonstrated that the proposed AASNet obtains an optimal balance between segmentation performance and efficiency. Concretely, AASNet achieves mAP scores of 31.7 and 47.4, respectively, on the UIIS and USIS dataset, significantly outperforming existing state-of-the-art methods. Moreover, AASNet achieves an inference image recognition speed of up to 28.9 ms/per, which is suitable for practical agricultural applications of smart fish farming.
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spelling doaj-art-2ebc4fee63314b7bb944dad43e28a6722025-08-20T03:06:31ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172025-04-01157398610.3390/app15073986AASNet: A Novel Image Instance Segmentation Framework for Fine-Grained Fish Recognition via Linear Correlation Attention and Dynamic Adaptive Focal LossJianlei Kong0Shunong Tang1Jiameng Feng2Lipo Mo3Xuebo Jin4National Engineering Research Center for Agri-Product Quality Traceability, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, ChinaNational Engineering Research Center for Agri-Product Quality Traceability, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, ChinaNational Engineering Research Center for Agri-Product Quality Traceability, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, ChinaInstitute of Systems Science, Beijing Wuzi University, Beijing 101149, ChinaNational Engineering Research Center for Agri-Product Quality Traceability, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, ChinaSmart fisheries, integrating advanced technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), and image processing, are pivotal in enhancing aquaculture efficiency, sustainability, and resource management by enabling real-time environmental monitoring, precision feeding, and disease prevention. However, underwater fish recognition faces challenges in complex aquatic environments, which hinder accurate detection and behavioral analysis. To address these issues, we propose a novel image instance segmentation framework based on a deep learning neural network, defined as the AASNet (Agricultural Aqua Segmentation Network). In order to improve the accuracy and real-time availability of fine-grained fish recognition, we introduce a Linear Correlation Attention (LCA) mechanism, which uses Pearson correlation coefficients to capture linear correlations between features. This helps resolve inconsistencies caused by lighting changes and color variations, significantly improving the extraction of semantic information for similar objects. Additionally, Dynamic Adaptive Focal Loss (DAFL) is designed to improve classification under extreme data imbalance conditions. Abundant experiments on two underwater datasets demonstrated that the proposed AASNet obtains an optimal balance between segmentation performance and efficiency. Concretely, AASNet achieves mAP scores of 31.7 and 47.4, respectively, on the UIIS and USIS dataset, significantly outperforming existing state-of-the-art methods. Moreover, AASNet achieves an inference image recognition speed of up to 28.9 ms/per, which is suitable for practical agricultural applications of smart fish farming.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/7/3986digital agricultureintelligent fish farming systemdeep learning neural networkunderwater image segmentationfine-grained visual recognition
spellingShingle Jianlei Kong
Shunong Tang
Jiameng Feng
Lipo Mo
Xuebo Jin
AASNet: A Novel Image Instance Segmentation Framework for Fine-Grained Fish Recognition via Linear Correlation Attention and Dynamic Adaptive Focal Loss
Applied Sciences
digital agriculture
intelligent fish farming system
deep learning neural network
underwater image segmentation
fine-grained visual recognition
title AASNet: A Novel Image Instance Segmentation Framework for Fine-Grained Fish Recognition via Linear Correlation Attention and Dynamic Adaptive Focal Loss
title_full AASNet: A Novel Image Instance Segmentation Framework for Fine-Grained Fish Recognition via Linear Correlation Attention and Dynamic Adaptive Focal Loss
title_fullStr AASNet: A Novel Image Instance Segmentation Framework for Fine-Grained Fish Recognition via Linear Correlation Attention and Dynamic Adaptive Focal Loss
title_full_unstemmed AASNet: A Novel Image Instance Segmentation Framework for Fine-Grained Fish Recognition via Linear Correlation Attention and Dynamic Adaptive Focal Loss
title_short AASNet: A Novel Image Instance Segmentation Framework for Fine-Grained Fish Recognition via Linear Correlation Attention and Dynamic Adaptive Focal Loss
title_sort aasnet a novel image instance segmentation framework for fine grained fish recognition via linear correlation attention and dynamic adaptive focal loss
topic digital agriculture
intelligent fish farming system
deep learning neural network
underwater image segmentation
fine-grained visual recognition
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/7/3986
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