An Investigation of Subsidy Policies on Recycling and Remanufacturing System in Two-Echelon Supply Chain for Negative Binomial Distribution
This study investigates a two-stage production–inventory model with subsidy policies for paper cup recycling. The model includes remanufacturers, recyclers, and consumers, taking into account their preferences for different recycling channels. The negative binomial distribution of investment fund w...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-04-01
|
| Series: | Mathematics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/13/8/1303 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850143973693194240 |
|---|---|
| author | Yi-Ta Hsieh Chiu-Yen Shen Yung-Fu Huang Ming-Wei Weng |
| author_facet | Yi-Ta Hsieh Chiu-Yen Shen Yung-Fu Huang Ming-Wei Weng |
| author_sort | Yi-Ta Hsieh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study investigates a two-stage production–inventory model with subsidy policies for paper cup recycling. The model includes remanufacturers, recyclers, and consumers, taking into account their preferences for different recycling channels. The negative binomial distribution of investment fund w is introduced and briefly studied. The influence of various subsidy strategies on the optimal pricing, profit, and recycling volume of the reverse supply chain is discussed. Numerical simulations show that increased consumer recycling preferences positively impact the recycling volume and profit. When subsidies are limited, subsidizing remanufacturers leads to higher recycling volumes, while subsidizing consumers results in higher profits at lower-to-middle subsidy levels. The findings suggest that policymakers can leverage different subsidy strategies to effectively manage the paper cup recycling supply chain and promote sustainability by incentivizing key stakeholders to participate in the recycling process. For example, subsidizing remanufacturers can increase the overall recycling volume by making it more financially viable for them to collect and process used cups, while subsidizing consumers can boost their participation and willingness to properly dispose of cups for recycling, leading to higher profits for the reverse supply chain. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2ea914a163dc44d09cfae8a8d9d3471b |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2227-7390 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Mathematics |
| spelling | doaj-art-2ea914a163dc44d09cfae8a8d9d3471b2025-08-20T02:28:32ZengMDPI AGMathematics2227-73902025-04-01138130310.3390/math13081303An Investigation of Subsidy Policies on Recycling and Remanufacturing System in Two-Echelon Supply Chain for Negative Binomial DistributionYi-Ta Hsieh0Chiu-Yen Shen1Yung-Fu Huang2Ming-Wei Weng3Department of Business Administration, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung 413310, TaiwanDepartment of Business Administration, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung 413310, TaiwanDepartment of Marketing and Logistics Management, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung 413310, TaiwanDepartment of Marketing and Logistics Management, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung 413310, TaiwanThis study investigates a two-stage production–inventory model with subsidy policies for paper cup recycling. The model includes remanufacturers, recyclers, and consumers, taking into account their preferences for different recycling channels. The negative binomial distribution of investment fund w is introduced and briefly studied. The influence of various subsidy strategies on the optimal pricing, profit, and recycling volume of the reverse supply chain is discussed. Numerical simulations show that increased consumer recycling preferences positively impact the recycling volume and profit. When subsidies are limited, subsidizing remanufacturers leads to higher recycling volumes, while subsidizing consumers results in higher profits at lower-to-middle subsidy levels. The findings suggest that policymakers can leverage different subsidy strategies to effectively manage the paper cup recycling supply chain and promote sustainability by incentivizing key stakeholders to participate in the recycling process. For example, subsidizing remanufacturers can increase the overall recycling volume by making it more financially viable for them to collect and process used cups, while subsidizing consumers can boost their participation and willingness to properly dispose of cups for recycling, leading to higher profits for the reverse supply chain.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/13/8/1303recycling and remanufacturing systemsubsidy policiesreverse supply chainnegative binomial distribution |
| spellingShingle | Yi-Ta Hsieh Chiu-Yen Shen Yung-Fu Huang Ming-Wei Weng An Investigation of Subsidy Policies on Recycling and Remanufacturing System in Two-Echelon Supply Chain for Negative Binomial Distribution Mathematics recycling and remanufacturing system subsidy policies reverse supply chain negative binomial distribution |
| title | An Investigation of Subsidy Policies on Recycling and Remanufacturing System in Two-Echelon Supply Chain for Negative Binomial Distribution |
| title_full | An Investigation of Subsidy Policies on Recycling and Remanufacturing System in Two-Echelon Supply Chain for Negative Binomial Distribution |
| title_fullStr | An Investigation of Subsidy Policies on Recycling and Remanufacturing System in Two-Echelon Supply Chain for Negative Binomial Distribution |
| title_full_unstemmed | An Investigation of Subsidy Policies on Recycling and Remanufacturing System in Two-Echelon Supply Chain for Negative Binomial Distribution |
| title_short | An Investigation of Subsidy Policies on Recycling and Remanufacturing System in Two-Echelon Supply Chain for Negative Binomial Distribution |
| title_sort | investigation of subsidy policies on recycling and remanufacturing system in two echelon supply chain for negative binomial distribution |
| topic | recycling and remanufacturing system subsidy policies reverse supply chain negative binomial distribution |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/13/8/1303 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yitahsieh aninvestigationofsubsidypoliciesonrecyclingandremanufacturingsystemintwoechelonsupplychainfornegativebinomialdistribution AT chiuyenshen aninvestigationofsubsidypoliciesonrecyclingandremanufacturingsystemintwoechelonsupplychainfornegativebinomialdistribution AT yungfuhuang aninvestigationofsubsidypoliciesonrecyclingandremanufacturingsystemintwoechelonsupplychainfornegativebinomialdistribution AT mingweiweng aninvestigationofsubsidypoliciesonrecyclingandremanufacturingsystemintwoechelonsupplychainfornegativebinomialdistribution AT yitahsieh investigationofsubsidypoliciesonrecyclingandremanufacturingsystemintwoechelonsupplychainfornegativebinomialdistribution AT chiuyenshen investigationofsubsidypoliciesonrecyclingandremanufacturingsystemintwoechelonsupplychainfornegativebinomialdistribution AT yungfuhuang investigationofsubsidypoliciesonrecyclingandremanufacturingsystemintwoechelonsupplychainfornegativebinomialdistribution AT mingweiweng investigationofsubsidypoliciesonrecyclingandremanufacturingsystemintwoechelonsupplychainfornegativebinomialdistribution |