Redefining the immune landscape of hepatitis A virus infection
Abstract Despite the development of effective vaccines against hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection, outbreaks of acute hepatitis A still occur globally, such that HAV remains a major cause of acute viral hepatitis. Most patients with acute hepatitis A recover spontaneously; however, some adult cases r...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Publishing Group
2025-04-01
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| Series: | Experimental and Molecular Medicine |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s12276-025-01431-2 |
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| author | Ombretta Colasanti Hosun Yu Volker Lohmann Eui-Cheol Shin |
| author_facet | Ombretta Colasanti Hosun Yu Volker Lohmann Eui-Cheol Shin |
| author_sort | Ombretta Colasanti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Despite the development of effective vaccines against hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection, outbreaks of acute hepatitis A still occur globally, such that HAV remains a major cause of acute viral hepatitis. Most patients with acute hepatitis A recover spontaneously; however, some adult cases result in acute liver failure due to immune-mediated liver damage. Previous studies suggested that HAV evades the innate immune response through strong counteractive mechanisms, and that HAV-specific CD8+ T cells contribute to liver damage in patients with acute hepatitis A. However, recent research findings have led to revisions of old hypotheses. Here we will describe the most current knowledge regarding the innate immune response to HAV and the HAV-mediated counteractions against innate immune responses. Additionally, we will discuss the roles of various types of T cells in viral clearance and liver injury in patients with acute hepatitis A. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2e86edb0da434c0c82994a8a8e9c6cbf |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2092-6413 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | Nature Publishing Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Experimental and Molecular Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-2e86edb0da434c0c82994a8a8e9c6cbf2025-08-20T02:55:21ZengNature Publishing GroupExperimental and Molecular Medicine2092-64132025-04-0157471472310.1038/s12276-025-01431-2Redefining the immune landscape of hepatitis A virus infectionOmbretta Colasanti0Hosun Yu1Volker Lohmann2Eui-Cheol Shin3Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, Section Virus–Host-Interactions, Center for Integrative Infectious Disease ResearchGraduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and TechnologyHeidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, Section Virus–Host-Interactions, Center for Integrative Infectious Disease ResearchGraduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and TechnologyAbstract Despite the development of effective vaccines against hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection, outbreaks of acute hepatitis A still occur globally, such that HAV remains a major cause of acute viral hepatitis. Most patients with acute hepatitis A recover spontaneously; however, some adult cases result in acute liver failure due to immune-mediated liver damage. Previous studies suggested that HAV evades the innate immune response through strong counteractive mechanisms, and that HAV-specific CD8+ T cells contribute to liver damage in patients with acute hepatitis A. However, recent research findings have led to revisions of old hypotheses. Here we will describe the most current knowledge regarding the innate immune response to HAV and the HAV-mediated counteractions against innate immune responses. Additionally, we will discuss the roles of various types of T cells in viral clearance and liver injury in patients with acute hepatitis A.https://doi.org/10.1038/s12276-025-01431-2 |
| spellingShingle | Ombretta Colasanti Hosun Yu Volker Lohmann Eui-Cheol Shin Redefining the immune landscape of hepatitis A virus infection Experimental and Molecular Medicine |
| title | Redefining the immune landscape of hepatitis A virus infection |
| title_full | Redefining the immune landscape of hepatitis A virus infection |
| title_fullStr | Redefining the immune landscape of hepatitis A virus infection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Redefining the immune landscape of hepatitis A virus infection |
| title_short | Redefining the immune landscape of hepatitis A virus infection |
| title_sort | redefining the immune landscape of hepatitis a virus infection |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s12276-025-01431-2 |
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