The anti-circumsporozoite antibody response to repeated, seasonal booster doses of the malaria vaccine RTS,S/AS01E
Abstract The recently deployed RTS,S/AS01E malaria vaccine induces a strong antibody response to the circumsporozoite protein (CSP) on the surface of the Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite which is associated with protection. The anti-CSP antibody titre falls rapidly after primary vaccination, associa...
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Nature Portfolio
2025-02-01
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| Series: | npj Vaccines |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41541-025-01078-0 |
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| author | M. Sanni Ali Lisa Stockdale Issaka Sagara Issaka Zongo Rakiswendé Serge Yerbanga Almahamoudou Mahamar Frédéric Nikièma Amadou Tapily Frédéric Sompougdou Modibo Diarra Duncan Bellamy Samuel Provstgaard-Morys Charles Zoungrana Djibrilla Issiaka Alassane Haro Koualy Sanogo Abdoul Aziz Sienou Mahamadou Kaya Seydou Traore Oumar M. Dicko Youssouf Kone Hama Yalcouye Ismaila Thera Kalifa Diarra Paul Snell Opokua Ofori-Anyinam Chris Ockenhouse Cynthia Lee Katie Ewer Halidou Tinto Abdoulaye Djimde Jean-Bosco Ouedraogo Alassane Dicko Daniel Chandramohan Brian Greenwood |
| author_facet | M. Sanni Ali Lisa Stockdale Issaka Sagara Issaka Zongo Rakiswendé Serge Yerbanga Almahamoudou Mahamar Frédéric Nikièma Amadou Tapily Frédéric Sompougdou Modibo Diarra Duncan Bellamy Samuel Provstgaard-Morys Charles Zoungrana Djibrilla Issiaka Alassane Haro Koualy Sanogo Abdoul Aziz Sienou Mahamadou Kaya Seydou Traore Oumar M. Dicko Youssouf Kone Hama Yalcouye Ismaila Thera Kalifa Diarra Paul Snell Opokua Ofori-Anyinam Chris Ockenhouse Cynthia Lee Katie Ewer Halidou Tinto Abdoulaye Djimde Jean-Bosco Ouedraogo Alassane Dicko Daniel Chandramohan Brian Greenwood |
| author_sort | M. Sanni Ali |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The recently deployed RTS,S/AS01E malaria vaccine induces a strong antibody response to the circumsporozoite protein (CSP) on the surface of the Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite which is associated with protection. The anti-CSP antibody titre falls rapidly after primary vaccination, associated with a decline in efficacy, but the antibody titre and the protective response can be partially restored by a booster dose of vaccine, but this response is also transitory. In many malaria- endemic areas of Africa, children are at risk of malaria, including severe malaria, until they are five years of age or older and to sustain protection from malaria for this period by vaccination with RTS,S/AS01E, repeated booster doses of vaccine may be required. However, there is little information about the immune response to repeated booster doses of RTS,S/AS01E. In many malaria-endemic areas of Africa, the burden of malaria is largely restricted to the rainy season and, therefore, a recent trial conducted in Burkina Faso and Mali explored the impact of repeated annual booster doses of RTS,S/AS01E given immediately prior to the malaria transmission season until children reached the age of five years. Anti-CSP antibody titres were measured in sera obtained from a randomly selected subset of children enrolled in this trial collected before and one month after three priming and four annual booster doses of vaccine using the GSK ELISA developed at the University of Ghent and, in a subset of these samples, by a multiplex assay developed at the University of Oxford. Three priming doses of RTS,S/AS01E induced a strong anti-CSP antibody response (GMT 368.9 IU/mL). Subsequent annual, seasonal booster doses induced a strong, but lower, antibody response; the GMT after the fourth booster was 128.5 IU/mL. Children whose antibody response was in the upper and middle terciles post vaccination had a lower incidence of malaria during the following year than children in the lowest tercile. Results obtained with GSK ELISA and the Oxford Multiplex assay were strongly correlated (Pearson’s correlation coefficient, r = 0.94; 95% CI, 0.93–0.95). Although anti-CSP antibody titres declined after repeated booster doses of RTS,S/AS01E a high, although declining, level of efficacy was sustained suggesting that there may have been changes in the characteristics of the anti-CSP antibody following repeated booster doses. Clinical Trials Registration. NCT03143218. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2e5b243ae96c4d018761f6b0eb74f88e |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2059-0105 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
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| series | npj Vaccines |
| spelling | doaj-art-2e5b243ae96c4d018761f6b0eb74f88e2025-02-09T12:11:04ZengNature Portfolionpj Vaccines2059-01052025-02-0110111110.1038/s41541-025-01078-0The anti-circumsporozoite antibody response to repeated, seasonal booster doses of the malaria vaccine RTS,S/AS01EM. Sanni Ali0Lisa Stockdale1Issaka Sagara2Issaka Zongo3Rakiswendé Serge Yerbanga4Almahamoudou Mahamar5Frédéric Nikièma6Amadou Tapily7Frédéric Sompougdou8Modibo Diarra9Duncan Bellamy10Samuel Provstgaard-Morys11Charles Zoungrana12Djibrilla Issiaka13Alassane Haro14Koualy Sanogo15Abdoul Aziz Sienou16Mahamadou Kaya17Seydou Traore18Oumar M. Dicko19Youssouf Kone20Hama Yalcouye21Ismaila Thera22Kalifa Diarra23Paul Snell24Opokua Ofori-Anyinam25Chris Ockenhouse26Cynthia Lee27Katie Ewer28Halidou Tinto29Abdoulaye Djimde30Jean-Bosco Ouedraogo31Alassane Dicko32Daniel Chandramohan33Brian Greenwood34London School of Hygiene & Tropical MedicineJenner Institute, University of OxfordThe Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and TechnologiesInstitut de Recherche en Sciences de la SantéInstitut de Recherche en Sciences de la SantéThe Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and TechnologiesInstitut de Recherche en Sciences de la SantéThe Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and TechnologiesInstitut de Recherche en Sciences de la SantéThe Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and TechnologiesJenner Institute, University of OxfordJenner Institute, University of OxfordInstitut de Recherche en Sciences de la SantéThe Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and TechnologiesInstitut de Recherche en Sciences de la SantéThe Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and TechnologiesInstitut de Recherche en Sciences de la SantéThe Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and TechnologiesThe Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and TechnologiesThe Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and TechnologiesThe Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and TechnologiesThe Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and TechnologiesThe Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and TechnologiesThe Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and TechnologiesLondon School of Hygiene & Tropical MedicineGSKPATHPATHGSK Vaccines Institute for Global HealthInstitut de Recherche en Sciences de la SantéThe Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and TechnologiesInstitut de Recherche en Sciences de la SantéThe Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and TechnologiesLondon School of Hygiene & Tropical MedicineLondon School of Hygiene & Tropical MedicineAbstract The recently deployed RTS,S/AS01E malaria vaccine induces a strong antibody response to the circumsporozoite protein (CSP) on the surface of the Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite which is associated with protection. The anti-CSP antibody titre falls rapidly after primary vaccination, associated with a decline in efficacy, but the antibody titre and the protective response can be partially restored by a booster dose of vaccine, but this response is also transitory. In many malaria- endemic areas of Africa, children are at risk of malaria, including severe malaria, until they are five years of age or older and to sustain protection from malaria for this period by vaccination with RTS,S/AS01E, repeated booster doses of vaccine may be required. However, there is little information about the immune response to repeated booster doses of RTS,S/AS01E. In many malaria-endemic areas of Africa, the burden of malaria is largely restricted to the rainy season and, therefore, a recent trial conducted in Burkina Faso and Mali explored the impact of repeated annual booster doses of RTS,S/AS01E given immediately prior to the malaria transmission season until children reached the age of five years. Anti-CSP antibody titres were measured in sera obtained from a randomly selected subset of children enrolled in this trial collected before and one month after three priming and four annual booster doses of vaccine using the GSK ELISA developed at the University of Ghent and, in a subset of these samples, by a multiplex assay developed at the University of Oxford. Three priming doses of RTS,S/AS01E induced a strong anti-CSP antibody response (GMT 368.9 IU/mL). Subsequent annual, seasonal booster doses induced a strong, but lower, antibody response; the GMT after the fourth booster was 128.5 IU/mL. Children whose antibody response was in the upper and middle terciles post vaccination had a lower incidence of malaria during the following year than children in the lowest tercile. Results obtained with GSK ELISA and the Oxford Multiplex assay were strongly correlated (Pearson’s correlation coefficient, r = 0.94; 95% CI, 0.93–0.95). Although anti-CSP antibody titres declined after repeated booster doses of RTS,S/AS01E a high, although declining, level of efficacy was sustained suggesting that there may have been changes in the characteristics of the anti-CSP antibody following repeated booster doses. Clinical Trials Registration. NCT03143218.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41541-025-01078-0 |
| spellingShingle | M. Sanni Ali Lisa Stockdale Issaka Sagara Issaka Zongo Rakiswendé Serge Yerbanga Almahamoudou Mahamar Frédéric Nikièma Amadou Tapily Frédéric Sompougdou Modibo Diarra Duncan Bellamy Samuel Provstgaard-Morys Charles Zoungrana Djibrilla Issiaka Alassane Haro Koualy Sanogo Abdoul Aziz Sienou Mahamadou Kaya Seydou Traore Oumar M. Dicko Youssouf Kone Hama Yalcouye Ismaila Thera Kalifa Diarra Paul Snell Opokua Ofori-Anyinam Chris Ockenhouse Cynthia Lee Katie Ewer Halidou Tinto Abdoulaye Djimde Jean-Bosco Ouedraogo Alassane Dicko Daniel Chandramohan Brian Greenwood The anti-circumsporozoite antibody response to repeated, seasonal booster doses of the malaria vaccine RTS,S/AS01E npj Vaccines |
| title | The anti-circumsporozoite antibody response to repeated, seasonal booster doses of the malaria vaccine RTS,S/AS01E |
| title_full | The anti-circumsporozoite antibody response to repeated, seasonal booster doses of the malaria vaccine RTS,S/AS01E |
| title_fullStr | The anti-circumsporozoite antibody response to repeated, seasonal booster doses of the malaria vaccine RTS,S/AS01E |
| title_full_unstemmed | The anti-circumsporozoite antibody response to repeated, seasonal booster doses of the malaria vaccine RTS,S/AS01E |
| title_short | The anti-circumsporozoite antibody response to repeated, seasonal booster doses of the malaria vaccine RTS,S/AS01E |
| title_sort | anti circumsporozoite antibody response to repeated seasonal booster doses of the malaria vaccine rts s as01e |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41541-025-01078-0 |
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