Investigation of a suspected measles outbreak in a security crisis and border zone, Cinkansé, Burkina Faso, November 2022
Introduction: From September 12, 2022, to October 23, 2022, the border CSPS (Health and Social Promotion Center) in Cinkansé reported a total of 22 suspected cases of measles. In response to this unusual number of suspected cases, we investigated to confirm the outbreak and guide the response. M...
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African Field Epidemiology Network
2025-09-01
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| Series: | Journal of Interventional Epidemiology and Public Health |
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| Online Access: | https://www.afenet-journal.net/content/article/7/44/full/ |
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| author | Morou Nikiema Aloukoumane Lengane Denis Yelbeogo Bérenger Kabore Madi Saidou Bagaya Issa Guire Abdramane Sawadogo Souleymane Kabore Yamregma Kabore |
| author_facet | Morou Nikiema Aloukoumane Lengane Denis Yelbeogo Bérenger Kabore Madi Saidou Bagaya Issa Guire Abdramane Sawadogo Souleymane Kabore Yamregma Kabore |
| author_sort | Morou Nikiema |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: From September 12, 2022, to October 23, 2022, the border CSPS
(Health and Social Promotion Center) in Cinkansé reported a total of 22 suspected
cases of measles. In response to this unusual number of suspected cases, we
investigated to confirm the outbreak and guide the response. Methods: We conducted
a cross-sectional study. The investigation took place over two days, from October 31
to November 1, 2022. A suspected case of measles was defined as any person residing
in Cinkansé and presenting between August 29 and November 1, 2022, with fever,
maculopapular rash, cough, cold or conjunctivitis. A confirmed case was any
suspected case with positive measles virus IgM. We abstracted data from the
consultation registers and complimented this with primary data collected through
clinical observation and individual interviews. A vaccination coverage survey was
carried out in the community. The collection tools used included an interview guide
and a documentary analysis framework. Data analysis was carried out with Epi info
and we calculated proportions. Results: We found 44 suspected cases of measles,
including 2 during an active community search. Of these, 77.3% (34/44) lived in
Cinkansé_Burkina and 22.7% (10/44) in Cinkassé_Togo. The average age of cases is
2.2 years. Extreme ages are represented by cases aged 3 months and 34 years. Not all
cases received their second dose of measles-rubella vaccine (RR2). Blood samples were
taken from 33/44 cases, but only 11 samples were analyzed by the laboratory due to a
lack of reagent availability. Of the 11 samples analyzed, 9 were positive for measles
IgM. For the other cases, we had 10 epidemiologically confirmed cases and 23
clinically compatible cases. The measles epidemic was confirmed on November 16,
2022. The vaccine coverage survey showed that 61.90% (13/21) of children had
received their second dose of measles-rubella vaccine (RR2). We conducted a joint
reactive vaccination campaign with Togo from December 5 to 11, 2022. The target was
subjects aged 6 months to 14 years. A total of 47,592 children in this age group
benefited from this vaccination, i.e. coverage of 115.20%. Vaccination led to a gradual
decline in the number of cases, followed by the declaration of the end of the epidemic
on March 5, 2023 Conclusion: A measles epidemic was confirmed. Reinforced
epidemiological surveillance at all levels and cross-border collaboration could prevent
futures epidemics. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2e52d8b2fb444fc5b3df94577afbfd00 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2664-2824 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-09-01 |
| publisher | African Field Epidemiology Network |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Interventional Epidemiology and Public Health |
| spelling | doaj-art-2e52d8b2fb444fc5b3df94577afbfd002025-08-20T03:13:00ZengAfrican Field Epidemiology NetworkJournal of Interventional Epidemiology and Public Health2664-28242025-09-0173https://doi.org/10.37432/jieph.2024.7.3.135Investigation of a suspected measles outbreak in a security crisis and border zone, Cinkansé, Burkina Faso, November 2022Morou Nikiema0Aloukoumane Lengane1Denis Yelbeogo2Bérenger Kabore3Madi Saidou Bagaya4Issa Guire5Abdramane Sawadogo6Souleymane Kabore7Yamregma Kabore8Ministère de la santé, District sanitaire de Ouargaye, Ouargaye, Burkina FasoMinistère de la santé, District sanitaire de Ouargaye, Ouargaye, Burkina FasoCoordination du FETP de base, Ouagadougou, Burkina FasoCoordination du FETP de base, Ouagadougou, Burkina FasoMinistère de la santé, Direction régionale de la santé du Centre-Est, Tenkodogo, Burkina FasoMinistère de la santé, Direction régionale de la santé du Centre-Est, Tenkodogo, Burkina FasoMinistère de la santé, Direction de la Prévention par les vaccinations, Ouagadougou, Burkina FasoEngenderhealth, Ouagadougou, Burkina FasoMinistère de la santé, Centre des Opérations de Réponse aux Urgences Sanitaires, Ouagadougou, Burkina FasoIntroduction: From September 12, 2022, to October 23, 2022, the border CSPS (Health and Social Promotion Center) in Cinkansé reported a total of 22 suspected cases of measles. In response to this unusual number of suspected cases, we investigated to confirm the outbreak and guide the response. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study. The investigation took place over two days, from October 31 to November 1, 2022. A suspected case of measles was defined as any person residing in Cinkansé and presenting between August 29 and November 1, 2022, with fever, maculopapular rash, cough, cold or conjunctivitis. A confirmed case was any suspected case with positive measles virus IgM. We abstracted data from the consultation registers and complimented this with primary data collected through clinical observation and individual interviews. A vaccination coverage survey was carried out in the community. The collection tools used included an interview guide and a documentary analysis framework. Data analysis was carried out with Epi info and we calculated proportions. Results: We found 44 suspected cases of measles, including 2 during an active community search. Of these, 77.3% (34/44) lived in Cinkansé_Burkina and 22.7% (10/44) in Cinkassé_Togo. The average age of cases is 2.2 years. Extreme ages are represented by cases aged 3 months and 34 years. Not all cases received their second dose of measles-rubella vaccine (RR2). Blood samples were taken from 33/44 cases, but only 11 samples were analyzed by the laboratory due to a lack of reagent availability. Of the 11 samples analyzed, 9 were positive for measles IgM. For the other cases, we had 10 epidemiologically confirmed cases and 23 clinically compatible cases. The measles epidemic was confirmed on November 16, 2022. The vaccine coverage survey showed that 61.90% (13/21) of children had received their second dose of measles-rubella vaccine (RR2). We conducted a joint reactive vaccination campaign with Togo from December 5 to 11, 2022. The target was subjects aged 6 months to 14 years. A total of 47,592 children in this age group benefited from this vaccination, i.e. coverage of 115.20%. Vaccination led to a gradual decline in the number of cases, followed by the declaration of the end of the epidemic on March 5, 2023 Conclusion: A measles epidemic was confirmed. Reinforced epidemiological surveillance at all levels and cross-border collaboration could prevent futures epidemics.https://www.afenet-journal.net/content/article/7/44/full/investigationmeaslesbordercinkanséburkina faso |
| spellingShingle | Morou Nikiema Aloukoumane Lengane Denis Yelbeogo Bérenger Kabore Madi Saidou Bagaya Issa Guire Abdramane Sawadogo Souleymane Kabore Yamregma Kabore Investigation of a suspected measles outbreak in a security crisis and border zone, Cinkansé, Burkina Faso, November 2022 Journal of Interventional Epidemiology and Public Health investigation measles border cinkansé burkina faso |
| title | Investigation of a suspected measles outbreak in a security crisis and border zone, Cinkansé, Burkina Faso, November 2022 |
| title_full | Investigation of a suspected measles outbreak in a security crisis and border zone, Cinkansé, Burkina Faso, November 2022 |
| title_fullStr | Investigation of a suspected measles outbreak in a security crisis and border zone, Cinkansé, Burkina Faso, November 2022 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Investigation of a suspected measles outbreak in a security crisis and border zone, Cinkansé, Burkina Faso, November 2022 |
| title_short | Investigation of a suspected measles outbreak in a security crisis and border zone, Cinkansé, Burkina Faso, November 2022 |
| title_sort | investigation of a suspected measles outbreak in a security crisis and border zone cinkanse burkina faso november 2022 |
| topic | investigation measles border cinkansé burkina faso |
| url | https://www.afenet-journal.net/content/article/7/44/full/ |
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