Genetics and Traumatic Brain Injury: Findings from an Exome-Based Study of a 50-Patient Case Series

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of global mortality and morbidity. Because TBI is accident-related, the role of genetics in predisposing to TBI has been largely unexplored. However, the likelihood of injury may not be entirely random and may be associated with certain physical and...

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Main Authors: Alesya S. Gracheva, Darya A. Kashatnikova, Ivan V. Redkin, Vladislav E. Zakharchenko, Artem N. Kuzovlev, Lyubov E. Salnikova
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-09-01
Series:Current Issues in Molecular Biology
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1467-3045/46/9/616
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author Alesya S. Gracheva
Darya A. Kashatnikova
Ivan V. Redkin
Vladislav E. Zakharchenko
Artem N. Kuzovlev
Lyubov E. Salnikova
author_facet Alesya S. Gracheva
Darya A. Kashatnikova
Ivan V. Redkin
Vladislav E. Zakharchenko
Artem N. Kuzovlev
Lyubov E. Salnikova
author_sort Alesya S. Gracheva
collection DOAJ
description Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of global mortality and morbidity. Because TBI is accident-related, the role of genetics in predisposing to TBI has been largely unexplored. However, the likelihood of injury may not be entirely random and may be associated with certain physical and mental characteristics. In this study, we analyzed the exomes of 50 patients undergoing rehabilitation after TBI. Patients were divided into three groups according to rehabilitation outcome: improvement, no change, and deterioration/death. We focused on rare, potentially functional missense and high-impact variants in genes intolerant to these variants. The concordant results from the three independent groups of patients allowed for the suggestion of the existence of a genetic predisposition to TBI, associated with rare functional variations in intolerant genes, with a prevalent dominant mode of inheritance and neurological manifestations in the genetic phenotypes according to the OMIM database. Forty-four of the 50 patients had one or more rare, potentially deleterious variants in one or more neurological genes. Comparison of these results with those of a 50-sampled matched non-TBI cohort revealed significant differences: P = 2.6 × 10<sup>−3</sup>, OR = 4.89 (1.77–13.47). There were no differences in the distribution of the genes of interest between the TBI patient groups. Our exploratory study provides new insights into the impact of genetics on TBI risk and is the first to address potential genetic susceptibility to TBI.
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spelling doaj-art-2e3f85557ec947b9a6e47da04dd2f4c32025-08-20T01:55:22ZengMDPI AGCurrent Issues in Molecular Biology1467-30371467-30452024-09-01469103511036810.3390/cimb46090616Genetics and Traumatic Brain Injury: Findings from an Exome-Based Study of a 50-Patient Case SeriesAlesya S. Gracheva0Darya A. Kashatnikova1Ivan V. Redkin2Vladislav E. Zakharchenko3Artem N. Kuzovlev4Lyubov E. Salnikova5The Department of Population Genetics, Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, RussiaThe Laboratory of Ecological Genetics, Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, RussiaThe Laboratory of Organoprotection in Critical Conditions, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, 107031 Moscow, RussiaThe Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, 107031 Moscow, RussiaThe Laboratory of Clinical Pathophysiology of Critical Conditions, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, 107031 Moscow, RussiaThe Laboratory of Clinical Pathophysiology of Critical Conditions, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, 107031 Moscow, RussiaTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of global mortality and morbidity. Because TBI is accident-related, the role of genetics in predisposing to TBI has been largely unexplored. However, the likelihood of injury may not be entirely random and may be associated with certain physical and mental characteristics. In this study, we analyzed the exomes of 50 patients undergoing rehabilitation after TBI. Patients were divided into three groups according to rehabilitation outcome: improvement, no change, and deterioration/death. We focused on rare, potentially functional missense and high-impact variants in genes intolerant to these variants. The concordant results from the three independent groups of patients allowed for the suggestion of the existence of a genetic predisposition to TBI, associated with rare functional variations in intolerant genes, with a prevalent dominant mode of inheritance and neurological manifestations in the genetic phenotypes according to the OMIM database. Forty-four of the 50 patients had one or more rare, potentially deleterious variants in one or more neurological genes. Comparison of these results with those of a 50-sampled matched non-TBI cohort revealed significant differences: P = 2.6 × 10<sup>−3</sup>, OR = 4.89 (1.77–13.47). There were no differences in the distribution of the genes of interest between the TBI patient groups. Our exploratory study provides new insights into the impact of genetics on TBI risk and is the first to address potential genetic susceptibility to TBI.https://www.mdpi.com/1467-3045/46/9/616moderate/severe traumatic brain injury (msTBI)exome sequencingrare high-impact (HI) variantsintolerant genesnervous system disease-related genes
spellingShingle Alesya S. Gracheva
Darya A. Kashatnikova
Ivan V. Redkin
Vladislav E. Zakharchenko
Artem N. Kuzovlev
Lyubov E. Salnikova
Genetics and Traumatic Brain Injury: Findings from an Exome-Based Study of a 50-Patient Case Series
Current Issues in Molecular Biology
moderate/severe traumatic brain injury (msTBI)
exome sequencing
rare high-impact (HI) variants
intolerant genes
nervous system disease-related genes
title Genetics and Traumatic Brain Injury: Findings from an Exome-Based Study of a 50-Patient Case Series
title_full Genetics and Traumatic Brain Injury: Findings from an Exome-Based Study of a 50-Patient Case Series
title_fullStr Genetics and Traumatic Brain Injury: Findings from an Exome-Based Study of a 50-Patient Case Series
title_full_unstemmed Genetics and Traumatic Brain Injury: Findings from an Exome-Based Study of a 50-Patient Case Series
title_short Genetics and Traumatic Brain Injury: Findings from an Exome-Based Study of a 50-Patient Case Series
title_sort genetics and traumatic brain injury findings from an exome based study of a 50 patient case series
topic moderate/severe traumatic brain injury (msTBI)
exome sequencing
rare high-impact (HI) variants
intolerant genes
nervous system disease-related genes
url https://www.mdpi.com/1467-3045/46/9/616
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