Safety and efficacy of pharmacological approaches available for multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C): a systematic review

Background. To describe the existing pharmacological managements for Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) in a systematic way, to identify the available pharmacological managements in MIS-C, evaluate its safety and efficacy and identify the best treatment procedures for pract...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yasothaa Velusamy, Govinathan Vivekanandan, Muhammad Hibatullah Romli, Aissvarya Shankar, Thilakavathy Karuppiah, Putri Yubbu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Hacettepe University Institute of Child Health 2023-10-01
Series:The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://turkjpediatr.org/article/view/83
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850181942730817536
author Yasothaa Velusamy
Govinathan Vivekanandan
Muhammad Hibatullah Romli
Aissvarya Shankar
Thilakavathy Karuppiah
Putri Yubbu
author_facet Yasothaa Velusamy
Govinathan Vivekanandan
Muhammad Hibatullah Romli
Aissvarya Shankar
Thilakavathy Karuppiah
Putri Yubbu
author_sort Yasothaa Velusamy
collection DOAJ
description Background. To describe the existing pharmacological managements for Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) in a systematic way, to identify the available pharmacological managements in MIS-C, evaluate its safety and efficacy and identify the best treatment procedures for practice recommendation. Methods. A systematic search using six databases was conducted on August 18, 2021, updated in January 26th 2023. Terminologies that were used in this search are children, MIS-C/PIMS and SARS-CoV-2. A PRISMA flow diagram was used to report the study selection process. Quality analysis was done based on NOS and GRADE tools. Data synthesis was conducted by extracting the information on drugs used, efficacy and side effects. Results. From the 32 articles included, a total of 2331 children with MIS-C were studied. The main pharmacological approaches were immunomodulatory therapy, i.e., intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) (77.3%), steroids (60.5%), and a combination of IVIG and steroids (41.3%). IVIG and steroids were found to be potentially effective and safe treatments for MIS-C. Combination of IVIG and steroids was found favorable in severe cases with higher recovery rate. Refractory treatments include second dose of initial treatment and biological response modifier drugs like anakinra, tocilizumab, infliximab. A small number of studies investigating supportive treatment consisted of vasoactive, inotropic and anticoagulation. The mortality rate was 1.28% and only three studies reported side effects from the treatment. Evidence of outcome from GRADE were mostly at moderate, low and very low levels. Conclusions. This review provides preliminary evidence to support the current standard treatment practices in managing MIS-C pharmacologically. However, comprehensive investigation is required using clinical trials to provide stronger outcome evidence.
format Article
id doaj-art-2e36560b683049ef94495e6a3de3f877
institution OA Journals
issn 0041-4301
2791-6421
language English
publishDate 2023-10-01
publisher Hacettepe University Institute of Child Health
record_format Article
series The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics
spelling doaj-art-2e36560b683049ef94495e6a3de3f8772025-08-20T02:17:47ZengHacettepe University Institute of Child HealthThe Turkish Journal of Pediatrics0041-43012791-64212023-10-0165510.24953/turkjped.2022.765Safety and efficacy of pharmacological approaches available for multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C): a systematic reviewYasothaa Velusamy0Govinathan Vivekanandan1Muhammad Hibatullah Romli2Aissvarya Shankar3Thilakavathy Karuppiah4Putri Yubbu5Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.Department of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia. Background. To describe the existing pharmacological managements for Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) in a systematic way, to identify the available pharmacological managements in MIS-C, evaluate its safety and efficacy and identify the best treatment procedures for practice recommendation. Methods. A systematic search using six databases was conducted on August 18, 2021, updated in January 26th 2023. Terminologies that were used in this search are children, MIS-C/PIMS and SARS-CoV-2. A PRISMA flow diagram was used to report the study selection process. Quality analysis was done based on NOS and GRADE tools. Data synthesis was conducted by extracting the information on drugs used, efficacy and side effects. Results. From the 32 articles included, a total of 2331 children with MIS-C were studied. The main pharmacological approaches were immunomodulatory therapy, i.e., intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) (77.3%), steroids (60.5%), and a combination of IVIG and steroids (41.3%). IVIG and steroids were found to be potentially effective and safe treatments for MIS-C. Combination of IVIG and steroids was found favorable in severe cases with higher recovery rate. Refractory treatments include second dose of initial treatment and biological response modifier drugs like anakinra, tocilizumab, infliximab. A small number of studies investigating supportive treatment consisted of vasoactive, inotropic and anticoagulation. The mortality rate was 1.28% and only three studies reported side effects from the treatment. Evidence of outcome from GRADE were mostly at moderate, low and very low levels. Conclusions. This review provides preliminary evidence to support the current standard treatment practices in managing MIS-C pharmacologically. However, comprehensive investigation is required using clinical trials to provide stronger outcome evidence. https://turkjpediatr.org/article/view/83Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C)Multisystem Syndrome (PIMS)Paediatric Inflammatorypharmacological treatmentsystematic review
spellingShingle Yasothaa Velusamy
Govinathan Vivekanandan
Muhammad Hibatullah Romli
Aissvarya Shankar
Thilakavathy Karuppiah
Putri Yubbu
Safety and efficacy of pharmacological approaches available for multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C): a systematic review
The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics
Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C)
Multisystem Syndrome (PIMS)
Paediatric Inflammatory
pharmacological treatment
systematic review
title Safety and efficacy of pharmacological approaches available for multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C): a systematic review
title_full Safety and efficacy of pharmacological approaches available for multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C): a systematic review
title_fullStr Safety and efficacy of pharmacological approaches available for multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C): a systematic review
title_full_unstemmed Safety and efficacy of pharmacological approaches available for multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C): a systematic review
title_short Safety and efficacy of pharmacological approaches available for multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C): a systematic review
title_sort safety and efficacy of pharmacological approaches available for multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children mis c a systematic review
topic Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C)
Multisystem Syndrome (PIMS)
Paediatric Inflammatory
pharmacological treatment
systematic review
url https://turkjpediatr.org/article/view/83
work_keys_str_mv AT yasothaavelusamy safetyandefficacyofpharmacologicalapproachesavailableformultisysteminflammatorysyndromeinchildrenmiscasystematicreview
AT govinathanvivekanandan safetyandefficacyofpharmacologicalapproachesavailableformultisysteminflammatorysyndromeinchildrenmiscasystematicreview
AT muhammadhibatullahromli safetyandefficacyofpharmacologicalapproachesavailableformultisysteminflammatorysyndromeinchildrenmiscasystematicreview
AT aissvaryashankar safetyandefficacyofpharmacologicalapproachesavailableformultisysteminflammatorysyndromeinchildrenmiscasystematicreview
AT thilakavathykaruppiah safetyandefficacyofpharmacologicalapproachesavailableformultisysteminflammatorysyndromeinchildrenmiscasystematicreview
AT putriyubbu safetyandefficacyofpharmacologicalapproachesavailableformultisysteminflammatorysyndromeinchildrenmiscasystematicreview