An Ionospheric Disturbed Index Based on ROTI
Abstract The ionosphere has significant impacts on wireless communication, satellite navigation, and space weather. Based on hundreds of global GNSS observation stations, we calculate the rate of TEC index (ROTI). Through the analysis of ROTI, we establish a global ionospheric disturbed index (IDI)...
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| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Space Weather |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1029/2025SW004445 |
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| Summary: | Abstract The ionosphere has significant impacts on wireless communication, satellite navigation, and space weather. Based on hundreds of global GNSS observation stations, we calculate the rate of TEC index (ROTI). Through the analysis of ROTI, we establish a global ionospheric disturbed index (IDI) to directly characterize ionospheric disturbances. Daily IDI values from 1998 to 2023 are then calculated. Furthermore, we establish a multiple linear regression model to fit the IDI, using data from Ap, F10.7, the upper atmospheric wind field, Kp, SYM‐H, and Dst indices. We analyze the contribution of each index to the IDI and classify the disturbance levels of the IDI time series, calculated by the multiple linear regression model for the period from 1981 to 2023, into five levels, ranging from severe disturbance to quiet. Next, the Lomb‐Scargle periodogram method is applied to perform spectral analysis on the IDI time series, extracting the annual, monthly, and daily periodic components of the IDI. Respectively, the annual periods are 1, 5.7, 6.6, 8.2, and 11.5 years; the monthly period is 6 months; and the daily periods are 9 and 26.5 days. Regarding the spatiotemporal features of IDI, our analysis reveals that temporally, the variations in IDI align with those of ROTI. Spatially, IDI exhibits stronger representation effectiveness in high‐latitude regions compared to mid‐ and low‐latitude regions. Finally, an investigation is conducted into the differences in the accuracy of standard point positioning under various conditions, including high and low solar activity years, different severities of geomagnetic storms, and across a range of IDI levels. |
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| ISSN: | 1542-7390 |