TMAO and the gut microbiome: implications for the CVD-CKD-IBD axis

Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is a metabolite produced by the gut microbiome from dietary nutrients such as choline and carnitine. Recent research has found that TMAO is strongly associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD), chronic kidney disease (CKD) and, more recently, inflammatory bowel disease...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Si Hyoung Kim, Mi Young Yoon, Sang Sun Yoon
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2025-12-01
Series:Annals of Medicine
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/07853890.2025.2522324
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