Enhanced electrochemical performance and thermomechanical stability of nafion/sulfonated clay-carbon nanotube nanocomposite membranes for high-performance fuel cells under challenging conditions

Abstract The development of high-performance proton exchange membranes (PEMs) is crucial for advancing fuel cell technology, particularly under demanding operating conditions. This study investigates novel nanocomposite membranes based on Nafion reinforced with sulfonated clay-carbon nanotubes (sCC)...

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Main Authors: Isabella Nicotera, Muhammad Habib Ur Rehman, Valeria Loise, Martina De Bonis, Coppola Luigi, Cataldo Simari
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SpringerOpen 2025-08-01
Series:Materials for Renewable and Sustainable Energy
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1007/s40243-025-00325-7
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author Isabella Nicotera
Muhammad Habib Ur Rehman
Valeria Loise
Martina De Bonis
Coppola Luigi
Cataldo Simari
author_facet Isabella Nicotera
Muhammad Habib Ur Rehman
Valeria Loise
Martina De Bonis
Coppola Luigi
Cataldo Simari
author_sort Isabella Nicotera
collection DOAJ
description Abstract The development of high-performance proton exchange membranes (PEMs) is crucial for advancing fuel cell technology, particularly under demanding operating conditions. This study investigates novel nanocomposite membranes based on Nafion reinforced with sulfonated clay-carbon nanotubes (sCC) as a hybrid filler. The incorporation of sCC not only improved the ion exchange capacity and hydrolytic stability but also critically modulated water dynamics, leading to superior water retention and sustained proton diffusion, particularly at elevated temperatures. The nanocomposite membranes exhibited substantially higher proton conductivity, especially under low relative humidity conditions, a critical factor for high-temperature fuel cell operation. Electrochemical evaluation in a H2/O2 direct hydrogen fuel cell (DHFC) showed an almost fourfold increase in peak power density (443.2 mW cm⁻²) under challenging high-temperature, low-humidity conditions (120 °C, 20% RH) for N-sCC-L3 compared to recast Nafion (117.3 mW cm⁻²).
format Article
id doaj-art-2e29f518c63a44dfa79e8927a06fc188
institution Kabale University
issn 2194-1459
2194-1467
language English
publishDate 2025-08-01
publisher SpringerOpen
record_format Article
series Materials for Renewable and Sustainable Energy
spelling doaj-art-2e29f518c63a44dfa79e8927a06fc1882025-08-20T03:43:25ZengSpringerOpenMaterials for Renewable and Sustainable Energy2194-14592194-14672025-08-0114311110.1007/s40243-025-00325-7Enhanced electrochemical performance and thermomechanical stability of nafion/sulfonated clay-carbon nanotube nanocomposite membranes for high-performance fuel cells under challenging conditionsIsabella Nicotera0Muhammad Habib Ur Rehman1Valeria Loise2Martina De Bonis3Coppola Luigi4Cataldo Simari5Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of CalabriaDepartment of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of CalabriaDepartment of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of CalabriaDepartment of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of CalabriaDepartment of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of CalabriaDepartment of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of CalabriaAbstract The development of high-performance proton exchange membranes (PEMs) is crucial for advancing fuel cell technology, particularly under demanding operating conditions. This study investigates novel nanocomposite membranes based on Nafion reinforced with sulfonated clay-carbon nanotubes (sCC) as a hybrid filler. The incorporation of sCC not only improved the ion exchange capacity and hydrolytic stability but also critically modulated water dynamics, leading to superior water retention and sustained proton diffusion, particularly at elevated temperatures. The nanocomposite membranes exhibited substantially higher proton conductivity, especially under low relative humidity conditions, a critical factor for high-temperature fuel cell operation. Electrochemical evaluation in a H2/O2 direct hydrogen fuel cell (DHFC) showed an almost fourfold increase in peak power density (443.2 mW cm⁻²) under challenging high-temperature, low-humidity conditions (120 °C, 20% RH) for N-sCC-L3 compared to recast Nafion (117.3 mW cm⁻²).https://doi.org/10.1007/s40243-025-00325-7Nanocomposite membranesNafionclay-CNTs hybridPFG NMRProton conductivityH2/O2 fuel cells
spellingShingle Isabella Nicotera
Muhammad Habib Ur Rehman
Valeria Loise
Martina De Bonis
Coppola Luigi
Cataldo Simari
Enhanced electrochemical performance and thermomechanical stability of nafion/sulfonated clay-carbon nanotube nanocomposite membranes for high-performance fuel cells under challenging conditions
Materials for Renewable and Sustainable Energy
Nanocomposite membranes
Nafion
clay-CNTs hybrid
PFG NMR
Proton conductivity
H2/O2 fuel cells
title Enhanced electrochemical performance and thermomechanical stability of nafion/sulfonated clay-carbon nanotube nanocomposite membranes for high-performance fuel cells under challenging conditions
title_full Enhanced electrochemical performance and thermomechanical stability of nafion/sulfonated clay-carbon nanotube nanocomposite membranes for high-performance fuel cells under challenging conditions
title_fullStr Enhanced electrochemical performance and thermomechanical stability of nafion/sulfonated clay-carbon nanotube nanocomposite membranes for high-performance fuel cells under challenging conditions
title_full_unstemmed Enhanced electrochemical performance and thermomechanical stability of nafion/sulfonated clay-carbon nanotube nanocomposite membranes for high-performance fuel cells under challenging conditions
title_short Enhanced electrochemical performance and thermomechanical stability of nafion/sulfonated clay-carbon nanotube nanocomposite membranes for high-performance fuel cells under challenging conditions
title_sort enhanced electrochemical performance and thermomechanical stability of nafion sulfonated clay carbon nanotube nanocomposite membranes for high performance fuel cells under challenging conditions
topic Nanocomposite membranes
Nafion
clay-CNTs hybrid
PFG NMR
Proton conductivity
H2/O2 fuel cells
url https://doi.org/10.1007/s40243-025-00325-7
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AT muhammadhabiburrehman enhancedelectrochemicalperformanceandthermomechanicalstabilityofnafionsulfonatedclaycarbonnanotubenanocompositemembranesforhighperformancefuelcellsunderchallengingconditions
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