Prevalence and determinants of smoke-free homes in 12 European countries: the TackSHS Survey
Background Homes are one of the primary locations where people are exposed to second-hand smoke (SHS) in Europe. We describe the prevalence and identify the main determinants of having home-smoking restrictions in 12 European countries. Methods Cross-sectional survey in 12 European countries conduct...
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| Language: | English |
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European Respiratory Society
2025-03-01
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| Series: | ERJ Open Research |
| Online Access: | http://openres.ersjournals.com/content/11/2/00950-2024.full |
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| author | Olena Tigova Chiara Stival Yolanda Castellano Alessandra Lugo Marcela Fu Anna Mar López Cristina Martínez Joan B. Soriano Rachel O'Donnell Sean Semple Maria J. López Esteve Fernández Silvano Gallus |
| author_facet | Olena Tigova Chiara Stival Yolanda Castellano Alessandra Lugo Marcela Fu Anna Mar López Cristina Martínez Joan B. Soriano Rachel O'Donnell Sean Semple Maria J. López Esteve Fernández Silvano Gallus |
| author_sort | Olena Tigova |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background
Homes are one of the primary locations where people are exposed to second-hand smoke (SHS) in Europe. We describe the prevalence and identify the main determinants of having home-smoking restrictions in 12 European countries.
Methods
Cross-sectional survey in 12 European countries conducted in 2017–2018 (TackSHS project). Approximately 1000 participants representing the general population aged ≥15 years of each country were interviewed face to face. Individual- and country-level characteristics were explored through adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs) obtained from multilevel Poisson models with random effects.
Results
Among 11 734 participants, 70.2% (95% confidence interval (CI) 69.4–71.0%) had smoke-free homes and 17.5% (95% CI 16.8–18.2%) had partial home-smoking restrictions in place. Prevalence of smoke-free homes ranged from 44.4% in Greece to 84.5% in England. Having a smoke-free home was significantly inversely associated with current (PR=0.60) or former (PR=0.95) smoking and living in a household with one (PR=0.70) or two or more (PR=0.58) people who smoke. It was also significantly associated with being ≥65 years old (PR=1.05), being female (PR=1.07), having a high educational level (PR=1.09) and living with children (PR=1.09). Having a smoke-free home was associated with living in northern Europe, while partial home-smoking restrictions were more likely among respondents from eastern Europe and countries with lower per capita gross domestic product.
Conclusions
The prevalence of smoke-free homes in Europe is relatively high, but with large variability across countries. European countries with a lower prevalence of smoke-free homes should implement tailored interventions targeting identified determinants and incorporate the success of other countries. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2e27686e8a7444a897aaad4482806f60 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2312-0541 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | European Respiratory Society |
| record_format | Article |
| series | ERJ Open Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-2e27686e8a7444a897aaad4482806f602025-08-20T02:14:45ZengEuropean Respiratory SocietyERJ Open Research2312-05412025-03-0111210.1183/23120541.00950-202400950-2024Prevalence and determinants of smoke-free homes in 12 European countries: the TackSHS SurveyOlena Tigova0Chiara Stival1Yolanda Castellano2Alessandra Lugo3Marcela Fu4Anna Mar López5Cristina Martínez6Joan B. Soriano7Rachel O'Donnell8Sean Semple9Maria J. López10Esteve Fernández11Silvano Gallus12 CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain Department of Medical Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain Department of Medical Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain Institute for Social Marketing and Health, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK Institute for Social Marketing and Health, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK Evaluation and Intervention Methods Service, Public Health Agency of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain Department of Medical Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy Background Homes are one of the primary locations where people are exposed to second-hand smoke (SHS) in Europe. We describe the prevalence and identify the main determinants of having home-smoking restrictions in 12 European countries. Methods Cross-sectional survey in 12 European countries conducted in 2017–2018 (TackSHS project). Approximately 1000 participants representing the general population aged ≥15 years of each country were interviewed face to face. Individual- and country-level characteristics were explored through adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs) obtained from multilevel Poisson models with random effects. Results Among 11 734 participants, 70.2% (95% confidence interval (CI) 69.4–71.0%) had smoke-free homes and 17.5% (95% CI 16.8–18.2%) had partial home-smoking restrictions in place. Prevalence of smoke-free homes ranged from 44.4% in Greece to 84.5% in England. Having a smoke-free home was significantly inversely associated with current (PR=0.60) or former (PR=0.95) smoking and living in a household with one (PR=0.70) or two or more (PR=0.58) people who smoke. It was also significantly associated with being ≥65 years old (PR=1.05), being female (PR=1.07), having a high educational level (PR=1.09) and living with children (PR=1.09). Having a smoke-free home was associated with living in northern Europe, while partial home-smoking restrictions were more likely among respondents from eastern Europe and countries with lower per capita gross domestic product. Conclusions The prevalence of smoke-free homes in Europe is relatively high, but with large variability across countries. European countries with a lower prevalence of smoke-free homes should implement tailored interventions targeting identified determinants and incorporate the success of other countries.http://openres.ersjournals.com/content/11/2/00950-2024.full |
| spellingShingle | Olena Tigova Chiara Stival Yolanda Castellano Alessandra Lugo Marcela Fu Anna Mar López Cristina Martínez Joan B. Soriano Rachel O'Donnell Sean Semple Maria J. López Esteve Fernández Silvano Gallus Prevalence and determinants of smoke-free homes in 12 European countries: the TackSHS Survey ERJ Open Research |
| title | Prevalence and determinants of smoke-free homes in 12 European countries: the TackSHS Survey |
| title_full | Prevalence and determinants of smoke-free homes in 12 European countries: the TackSHS Survey |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence and determinants of smoke-free homes in 12 European countries: the TackSHS Survey |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence and determinants of smoke-free homes in 12 European countries: the TackSHS Survey |
| title_short | Prevalence and determinants of smoke-free homes in 12 European countries: the TackSHS Survey |
| title_sort | prevalence and determinants of smoke free homes in 12 european countries the tackshs survey |
| url | http://openres.ersjournals.com/content/11/2/00950-2024.full |
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