In Vitro Response of Two Strains of <i>Cordyceps javanica</i> to Six Chemical Pesticides
To determine the compatibility of two new biocontrol fungi with common chemical pesticides, this study examined the effects of three insecticides, namely, avermectin, imidacloprid, and acetamiprid, and three fungicides, namely, chlorogenonil, boscalid, and kasugamycin, on the mycelial growth and spo...
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2024-12-01
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| author | Ruixia Mao Xiaoxia Cai Tengyu Wang Ziyang Liu Peixiang Xing Guisen Zhang Wenwen Zhou Hongliang Diao Ruiyan Ma |
| author_facet | Ruixia Mao Xiaoxia Cai Tengyu Wang Ziyang Liu Peixiang Xing Guisen Zhang Wenwen Zhou Hongliang Diao Ruiyan Ma |
| author_sort | Ruixia Mao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | To determine the compatibility of two new biocontrol fungi with common chemical pesticides, this study examined the effects of three insecticides, namely, avermectin, imidacloprid, and acetamiprid, and three fungicides, namely, chlorogenonil, boscalid, and kasugamycin, on the mycelial growth and spore germination of <i>Cordyceps javanica</i> strains IF-1106 and IJ-tg19. The insecticidal effects of mixed insecticides or fungicides with good compatibility with <i>C. javanica</i> IJ-tg19 against <i>Myzus persicae</i> were tested. The results showed that the six chemical pesticides exerted different degrees of inhibition on the mycelial growth of both <i>C. javanica</i> strains, with an obvious dose-dependent effect. The inhibitory effect of chlorothalonil on the mycelial growth of IF-1106 and IJ-tg19 was greater than 75%. Different kinds and concentrations of chemical pesticides had significant effects on spore germination. Among them, acetamiprid had little inhibitory effect on <i>C. javanica</i> spores. Therefore, the two <i>C. javanica</i> strains exhibited good compatibility with the insecticide acetamiprid and had some compatibility with avermectin and imidacloprid. Among the fungicides, the compatibility of the two strains of biocontrol fungi was the best with kasugamycin, followed by boscalid, while their compatibility with chlorothalonil showed the least compatibility. The median lethal time (LT<sub>50</sub>) of five concentrations of <i>C. javanica</i> IJ-tg19 (1 × 10<sup>3</sup>, 1 × 10<sup>4</sup>, 1 × 10<sup>5</sup>, 1 × 10<sup>6</sup>, and 1 × 10<sup>7</sup> spore/mL) mixed with acetamiprid against <i>M. persicae</i> were 5.28, 4.56, 3.80, 2.73, and 2.13 days, respectively, and the insecticidal rate was higher than that of fungus treatment alone (5.19, 4.59, 4.05, 3.32, and 2.94 days, respectively) or chemical pesticide treatment (5.36 days). This study provides data support and a theoretical basis for reducing the use of chemical pesticides, improving the efficiency of <i>C. javanica</i>-based insecticides, and optimizing the synergistic use of fungi and chemical pesticides. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2dd216b76aa84e26b28b0f2661ee87fe |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2309-608X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-2dd216b76aa84e26b28b0f2661ee87fe2025-08-20T02:53:41ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2024-12-01101285210.3390/jof10120852In Vitro Response of Two Strains of <i>Cordyceps javanica</i> to Six Chemical PesticidesRuixia Mao0Xiaoxia Cai1Tengyu Wang2Ziyang Liu3Peixiang Xing4Guisen Zhang5Wenwen Zhou6Hongliang Diao7Ruiyan Ma8College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, ChinaCollege of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, ChinaCollege of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, ChinaCollege of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, ChinaCollege of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, ChinaCollege of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, ChinaCollege of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, ChinaCollege of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, ChinaCollege of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, ChinaTo determine the compatibility of two new biocontrol fungi with common chemical pesticides, this study examined the effects of three insecticides, namely, avermectin, imidacloprid, and acetamiprid, and three fungicides, namely, chlorogenonil, boscalid, and kasugamycin, on the mycelial growth and spore germination of <i>Cordyceps javanica</i> strains IF-1106 and IJ-tg19. The insecticidal effects of mixed insecticides or fungicides with good compatibility with <i>C. javanica</i> IJ-tg19 against <i>Myzus persicae</i> were tested. The results showed that the six chemical pesticides exerted different degrees of inhibition on the mycelial growth of both <i>C. javanica</i> strains, with an obvious dose-dependent effect. The inhibitory effect of chlorothalonil on the mycelial growth of IF-1106 and IJ-tg19 was greater than 75%. Different kinds and concentrations of chemical pesticides had significant effects on spore germination. Among them, acetamiprid had little inhibitory effect on <i>C. javanica</i> spores. Therefore, the two <i>C. javanica</i> strains exhibited good compatibility with the insecticide acetamiprid and had some compatibility with avermectin and imidacloprid. Among the fungicides, the compatibility of the two strains of biocontrol fungi was the best with kasugamycin, followed by boscalid, while their compatibility with chlorothalonil showed the least compatibility. The median lethal time (LT<sub>50</sub>) of five concentrations of <i>C. javanica</i> IJ-tg19 (1 × 10<sup>3</sup>, 1 × 10<sup>4</sup>, 1 × 10<sup>5</sup>, 1 × 10<sup>6</sup>, and 1 × 10<sup>7</sup> spore/mL) mixed with acetamiprid against <i>M. persicae</i> were 5.28, 4.56, 3.80, 2.73, and 2.13 days, respectively, and the insecticidal rate was higher than that of fungus treatment alone (5.19, 4.59, 4.05, 3.32, and 2.94 days, respectively) or chemical pesticide treatment (5.36 days). This study provides data support and a theoretical basis for reducing the use of chemical pesticides, improving the efficiency of <i>C. javanica</i>-based insecticides, and optimizing the synergistic use of fungi and chemical pesticides.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/10/12/852chemical pesticides<i>Cordyceps javanica</i>compatibilitygrowth inhibitionbiological control |
| spellingShingle | Ruixia Mao Xiaoxia Cai Tengyu Wang Ziyang Liu Peixiang Xing Guisen Zhang Wenwen Zhou Hongliang Diao Ruiyan Ma In Vitro Response of Two Strains of <i>Cordyceps javanica</i> to Six Chemical Pesticides Journal of Fungi chemical pesticides <i>Cordyceps javanica</i> compatibility growth inhibition biological control |
| title | In Vitro Response of Two Strains of <i>Cordyceps javanica</i> to Six Chemical Pesticides |
| title_full | In Vitro Response of Two Strains of <i>Cordyceps javanica</i> to Six Chemical Pesticides |
| title_fullStr | In Vitro Response of Two Strains of <i>Cordyceps javanica</i> to Six Chemical Pesticides |
| title_full_unstemmed | In Vitro Response of Two Strains of <i>Cordyceps javanica</i> to Six Chemical Pesticides |
| title_short | In Vitro Response of Two Strains of <i>Cordyceps javanica</i> to Six Chemical Pesticides |
| title_sort | in vitro response of two strains of i cordyceps javanica i to six chemical pesticides |
| topic | chemical pesticides <i>Cordyceps javanica</i> compatibility growth inhibition biological control |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/10/12/852 |
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