Driving pressure-guided dynamic PEEP titration reduces atelectasis and improves oxygenation in pediatric laparoscopy: a randomized trial on personalized ventilation strategies

Abstract Background Pediatric laparoscopic surgery often induces atelectasis due to pneumoperitoneum, postural changes, and immature respiratory physiology, increasing postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs). Fixed PEEP may fail to address perioperative variability. This study evaluated whether...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ling-hui Guo, Jian-gang Li, Ming Zhang, Ji-lin Wu, Chao Xie, Yue Lu, Na Li, Bo Feng, Li-ming Cheng
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-08-01
Series:BMC Anesthesiology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12871-025-03274-w
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849225971320750080
author Ling-hui Guo
Jian-gang Li
Ming Zhang
Ji-lin Wu
Chao Xie
Yue Lu
Na Li
Bo Feng
Li-ming Cheng
author_facet Ling-hui Guo
Jian-gang Li
Ming Zhang
Ji-lin Wu
Chao Xie
Yue Lu
Na Li
Bo Feng
Li-ming Cheng
author_sort Ling-hui Guo
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Pediatric laparoscopic surgery often induces atelectasis due to pneumoperitoneum, postural changes, and immature respiratory physiology, increasing postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs). Fixed PEEP may fail to address perioperative variability. This study evaluated whether dynamic PEEP adjustment reduces atelectasis and improves oxygenation. Methods Children at moderate or high risk of PPCs undergoing elective laparoscopic surgery were randomized into two groups. Group A had driving pressure-guided individualized PEEP titration at three specified time points: after intubation, before pneumoperitoneum initiation, and after pneumoperitoneum completion. Group B had individualized PEEP titration only after intubation, with this PEEP maintained until the end of ventilation. Both groups received alveolar recruitment maneuvers (ARMs). Observations were conducted at 5 min after tracheal intubation (T1), 20 min post-pneumoperitoneum (T2), 60 min post-pneumoperitoneum (T3), at the end of surgery (T4), and at extubation (T5). The primary outcome were intraoperative lung ultrasound score. Secondary outcomes included incidence of atelectasis, oxygenation index, peak airway pressure, plateau pressure, PEEP, driving pressure, dynamic lung compliance, mean arterial pressure, and heart rate. Results At T4 and T5, Group A showed significantly lower subpleural consolidation scores, total lung ultrasound scores, and atelectasis rates versus Group B (P < 0.05). Oxygenation indices in Group A were higher at T3–T5 (P < 0.05). Post-pneumoperitoneum, Group A’s median PEEP increased to 8 cmH2O (vs. Group B), with lower driving pressure and higher dynamic compliance (P < 0.05). Hemodynamic parameters showed no intergroup differences (P > 0.05). Conclusion Driving pressure-guided dynamic PEEP titration reduces postoperative lung ultrasound abnormalities and atelectasis while improving oxygenation and respiratory mechanics in pediatric laparoscopy, without compromising hemodynamic stability. This strategy supports personalized PEEP optimization. Trial registration This trial was registered on Clinical Trials.gov (Registration No. ChiCTR2300070193, Registration date: 2023-04-04). The trial was retrospectively registered as enrollment began prior to registration.
format Article
id doaj-art-2dc2e562d5e84cfcacd7b6309eeb2929
institution Kabale University
issn 1471-2253
language English
publishDate 2025-08-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series BMC Anesthesiology
spelling doaj-art-2dc2e562d5e84cfcacd7b6309eeb29292025-08-24T11:47:30ZengBMCBMC Anesthesiology1471-22532025-08-0125111010.1186/s12871-025-03274-wDriving pressure-guided dynamic PEEP titration reduces atelectasis and improves oxygenation in pediatric laparoscopy: a randomized trial on personalized ventilation strategiesLing-hui Guo0Jian-gang Li1Ming Zhang2Ji-lin Wu3Chao Xie4Yue Lu5Na Li6Bo Feng7Li-ming Cheng8Department of Anesthesiology, Kunming Children’s HospitalDepartment of Anesthesiology, Kunming Medical University Affiliated Qujing HospitalDepartment of Anesthesiology, Kunming Children’s HospitalDepartment of Anesthesiology, Kunming Children’s HospitalSurgical Intensive Care Unit, Kunming Children’s HospitalDepartment of Anesthesiology, Kunming Children’s HospitalDepartment of Anesthesiology, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support ForceDepartment of Anesthesiology, Kunming Children’s HospitalDepartment of Anesthesiology, Kunming Children’s HospitalAbstract Background Pediatric laparoscopic surgery often induces atelectasis due to pneumoperitoneum, postural changes, and immature respiratory physiology, increasing postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs). Fixed PEEP may fail to address perioperative variability. This study evaluated whether dynamic PEEP adjustment reduces atelectasis and improves oxygenation. Methods Children at moderate or high risk of PPCs undergoing elective laparoscopic surgery were randomized into two groups. Group A had driving pressure-guided individualized PEEP titration at three specified time points: after intubation, before pneumoperitoneum initiation, and after pneumoperitoneum completion. Group B had individualized PEEP titration only after intubation, with this PEEP maintained until the end of ventilation. Both groups received alveolar recruitment maneuvers (ARMs). Observations were conducted at 5 min after tracheal intubation (T1), 20 min post-pneumoperitoneum (T2), 60 min post-pneumoperitoneum (T3), at the end of surgery (T4), and at extubation (T5). The primary outcome were intraoperative lung ultrasound score. Secondary outcomes included incidence of atelectasis, oxygenation index, peak airway pressure, plateau pressure, PEEP, driving pressure, dynamic lung compliance, mean arterial pressure, and heart rate. Results At T4 and T5, Group A showed significantly lower subpleural consolidation scores, total lung ultrasound scores, and atelectasis rates versus Group B (P < 0.05). Oxygenation indices in Group A were higher at T3–T5 (P < 0.05). Post-pneumoperitoneum, Group A’s median PEEP increased to 8 cmH2O (vs. Group B), with lower driving pressure and higher dynamic compliance (P < 0.05). Hemodynamic parameters showed no intergroup differences (P > 0.05). Conclusion Driving pressure-guided dynamic PEEP titration reduces postoperative lung ultrasound abnormalities and atelectasis while improving oxygenation and respiratory mechanics in pediatric laparoscopy, without compromising hemodynamic stability. This strategy supports personalized PEEP optimization. Trial registration This trial was registered on Clinical Trials.gov (Registration No. ChiCTR2300070193, Registration date: 2023-04-04). The trial was retrospectively registered as enrollment began prior to registration.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12871-025-03274-wIndividualized positive end-expiratory pressureAtelectasisPostoperative pulmonary complicationsLaparoscopic surgeryChildren
spellingShingle Ling-hui Guo
Jian-gang Li
Ming Zhang
Ji-lin Wu
Chao Xie
Yue Lu
Na Li
Bo Feng
Li-ming Cheng
Driving pressure-guided dynamic PEEP titration reduces atelectasis and improves oxygenation in pediatric laparoscopy: a randomized trial on personalized ventilation strategies
BMC Anesthesiology
Individualized positive end-expiratory pressure
Atelectasis
Postoperative pulmonary complications
Laparoscopic surgery
Children
title Driving pressure-guided dynamic PEEP titration reduces atelectasis and improves oxygenation in pediatric laparoscopy: a randomized trial on personalized ventilation strategies
title_full Driving pressure-guided dynamic PEEP titration reduces atelectasis and improves oxygenation in pediatric laparoscopy: a randomized trial on personalized ventilation strategies
title_fullStr Driving pressure-guided dynamic PEEP titration reduces atelectasis and improves oxygenation in pediatric laparoscopy: a randomized trial on personalized ventilation strategies
title_full_unstemmed Driving pressure-guided dynamic PEEP titration reduces atelectasis and improves oxygenation in pediatric laparoscopy: a randomized trial on personalized ventilation strategies
title_short Driving pressure-guided dynamic PEEP titration reduces atelectasis and improves oxygenation in pediatric laparoscopy: a randomized trial on personalized ventilation strategies
title_sort driving pressure guided dynamic peep titration reduces atelectasis and improves oxygenation in pediatric laparoscopy a randomized trial on personalized ventilation strategies
topic Individualized positive end-expiratory pressure
Atelectasis
Postoperative pulmonary complications
Laparoscopic surgery
Children
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12871-025-03274-w
work_keys_str_mv AT linghuiguo drivingpressureguideddynamicpeeptitrationreducesatelectasisandimprovesoxygenationinpediatriclaparoscopyarandomizedtrialonpersonalizedventilationstrategies
AT jiangangli drivingpressureguideddynamicpeeptitrationreducesatelectasisandimprovesoxygenationinpediatriclaparoscopyarandomizedtrialonpersonalizedventilationstrategies
AT mingzhang drivingpressureguideddynamicpeeptitrationreducesatelectasisandimprovesoxygenationinpediatriclaparoscopyarandomizedtrialonpersonalizedventilationstrategies
AT jilinwu drivingpressureguideddynamicpeeptitrationreducesatelectasisandimprovesoxygenationinpediatriclaparoscopyarandomizedtrialonpersonalizedventilationstrategies
AT chaoxie drivingpressureguideddynamicpeeptitrationreducesatelectasisandimprovesoxygenationinpediatriclaparoscopyarandomizedtrialonpersonalizedventilationstrategies
AT yuelu drivingpressureguideddynamicpeeptitrationreducesatelectasisandimprovesoxygenationinpediatriclaparoscopyarandomizedtrialonpersonalizedventilationstrategies
AT nali drivingpressureguideddynamicpeeptitrationreducesatelectasisandimprovesoxygenationinpediatriclaparoscopyarandomizedtrialonpersonalizedventilationstrategies
AT bofeng drivingpressureguideddynamicpeeptitrationreducesatelectasisandimprovesoxygenationinpediatriclaparoscopyarandomizedtrialonpersonalizedventilationstrategies
AT limingcheng drivingpressureguideddynamicpeeptitrationreducesatelectasisandimprovesoxygenationinpediatriclaparoscopyarandomizedtrialonpersonalizedventilationstrategies