Diabetic nephropathy: Pathophysiology and potential therapeutic role of plant extracts

Objective: This review aims to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying diabetic nephropathy (DN), with a particular focus on the role of oxidative stress. Additionally, it evaluates the therapeutic potential of plant-based extracts rich in bioactive compounds for the management of diabetes and i...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Mehak Naseer Mir, Ishfaq Ahmad Malik, Rayees Ahmad Naik, Sonalika Singh, Aabid Rashid Hurra, Zahid Ahmad Wani, Rakhmat Shah, Yaqoob Lone
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-12-01
Series:Endocrine and Metabolic Science
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666396125000494
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850038683004043264
author Mehak Naseer Mir
Ishfaq Ahmad Malik
Rayees Ahmad Naik
Sonalika Singh
Aabid Rashid Hurra
Zahid Ahmad Wani
Rakhmat Shah
Yaqoob Lone
author_facet Mehak Naseer Mir
Ishfaq Ahmad Malik
Rayees Ahmad Naik
Sonalika Singh
Aabid Rashid Hurra
Zahid Ahmad Wani
Rakhmat Shah
Yaqoob Lone
author_sort Mehak Naseer Mir
collection DOAJ
description Objective: This review aims to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying diabetic nephropathy (DN), with a particular focus on the role of oxidative stress. Additionally, it evaluates the therapeutic potential of plant-based extracts rich in bioactive compounds for the management of diabetes and its associated renal complications. Results: Oxidative stress is identified as a key contributor to DN pathogenesis. Several major pathways are involved, including hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), mitochondrial dysfunction, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) activation, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) uncoupling. These mechanisms collectively lead to podocyte injury, tubular damage, extracellular matrix accumulation, disrupted renal hemodynamics, and glomerular hyperfiltration. Plant-derived compounds have shown potential in modulating these pathways, thereby offering renal protective effects. Conclusion: Plant-based remedies enriched with bioactive compounds represent promising adjunct therapies for managing diabetes and its renal complications. Their integration into conventional treatment regimens may provide a holistic approach to glycemic control and reduction of oxidative stress-induced kidney damage. This review underscores the importance of multifaceted therapeutic strategies targeting both metabolic dysregulation and oxidative stress to effectively prevent and manage diabetic nephropathy.
format Article
id doaj-art-2dbcaed046754c90b66cabaed93851a1
institution DOAJ
issn 2666-3961
language English
publishDate 2025-12-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Endocrine and Metabolic Science
spelling doaj-art-2dbcaed046754c90b66cabaed93851a12025-08-20T02:56:32ZengElsevierEndocrine and Metabolic Science2666-39612025-12-011910026310.1016/j.endmts.2025.100263Diabetic nephropathy: Pathophysiology and potential therapeutic role of plant extractsMehak Naseer Mir0Ishfaq Ahmad Malik1Rayees Ahmad Naik2Sonalika Singh3Aabid Rashid Hurra4Zahid Ahmad Wani5Rakhmat Shah6Yaqoob Lone7Nims Institute of Allied medical sciences & technology, Nims University Rajasthan, Jaipur 303121, India; Department of Zoology, Government Women College, M.A road Srinagar, 191001 Jammu and Kashmir, India; Department of Zoology, Government Degree College (Autonomous) Baramulla, J&K 193101, IndiaDepartment of Zoology, Bar. R. D. I. K. and K. D. College, Badnera, Maharashtra 444407, IndiaDepartment of Zoology, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh 470003, IndiaNims Institute of Allied medical sciences & technology, Nims University Rajasthan, Jaipur 303121, IndiaDepartment of Zoology, Government Women College, M.A road Srinagar, 191001 Jammu and Kashmir, India; Department of Zoology, Shri Venkateshwara University, Gajraula, Uttar Pradesh 244236, IndiaDepartment of Zoology, Government Degree College (Autonomous) Baramulla, J&K 193101, India; Department of Zoology, Shri Venkateshwara University, Gajraula, Uttar Pradesh 244236, IndiaDepartment of Zoology, Government Degree College (Autonomous) Baramulla, J&K 193101, IndiaDepartment of Zoology, Government Women College, M.A road Srinagar, 191001 Jammu and Kashmir, India; Department of Zoology, Government Degree College (Autonomous) Baramulla, J&K 193101, India; Corresponding author at: Department of Zoology, Government Women College, M.A road Srinagar, 191001 Jammu and Kashmir, India.Objective: This review aims to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying diabetic nephropathy (DN), with a particular focus on the role of oxidative stress. Additionally, it evaluates the therapeutic potential of plant-based extracts rich in bioactive compounds for the management of diabetes and its associated renal complications. Results: Oxidative stress is identified as a key contributor to DN pathogenesis. Several major pathways are involved, including hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), mitochondrial dysfunction, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) activation, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) uncoupling. These mechanisms collectively lead to podocyte injury, tubular damage, extracellular matrix accumulation, disrupted renal hemodynamics, and glomerular hyperfiltration. Plant-derived compounds have shown potential in modulating these pathways, thereby offering renal protective effects. Conclusion: Plant-based remedies enriched with bioactive compounds represent promising adjunct therapies for managing diabetes and its renal complications. Their integration into conventional treatment regimens may provide a holistic approach to glycemic control and reduction of oxidative stress-induced kidney damage. This review underscores the importance of multifaceted therapeutic strategies targeting both metabolic dysregulation and oxidative stress to effectively prevent and manage diabetic nephropathy.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666396125000494DiabetesKidneyNephropathyOxidative stressBioactive compounds
spellingShingle Mehak Naseer Mir
Ishfaq Ahmad Malik
Rayees Ahmad Naik
Sonalika Singh
Aabid Rashid Hurra
Zahid Ahmad Wani
Rakhmat Shah
Yaqoob Lone
Diabetic nephropathy: Pathophysiology and potential therapeutic role of plant extracts
Endocrine and Metabolic Science
Diabetes
Kidney
Nephropathy
Oxidative stress
Bioactive compounds
title Diabetic nephropathy: Pathophysiology and potential therapeutic role of plant extracts
title_full Diabetic nephropathy: Pathophysiology and potential therapeutic role of plant extracts
title_fullStr Diabetic nephropathy: Pathophysiology and potential therapeutic role of plant extracts
title_full_unstemmed Diabetic nephropathy: Pathophysiology and potential therapeutic role of plant extracts
title_short Diabetic nephropathy: Pathophysiology and potential therapeutic role of plant extracts
title_sort diabetic nephropathy pathophysiology and potential therapeutic role of plant extracts
topic Diabetes
Kidney
Nephropathy
Oxidative stress
Bioactive compounds
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666396125000494
work_keys_str_mv AT mehaknaseermir diabeticnephropathypathophysiologyandpotentialtherapeuticroleofplantextracts
AT ishfaqahmadmalik diabeticnephropathypathophysiologyandpotentialtherapeuticroleofplantextracts
AT rayeesahmadnaik diabeticnephropathypathophysiologyandpotentialtherapeuticroleofplantextracts
AT sonalikasingh diabeticnephropathypathophysiologyandpotentialtherapeuticroleofplantextracts
AT aabidrashidhurra diabeticnephropathypathophysiologyandpotentialtherapeuticroleofplantextracts
AT zahidahmadwani diabeticnephropathypathophysiologyandpotentialtherapeuticroleofplantextracts
AT rakhmatshah diabeticnephropathypathophysiologyandpotentialtherapeuticroleofplantextracts
AT yaqooblone diabeticnephropathypathophysiologyandpotentialtherapeuticroleofplantextracts