Integrated Metabolomics and Lipidomics Analysis Reveals the Mechanism Behind the Action of Chiglitazar on the Protection Against Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury

<b>Background:</b> Sepsis-induced acute lung injury (SALI) is a critical clinical challenge with high mortality. Metabolic dysregulation drives SALI pathogenesis, disrupting lung function and energy metabolism. Despite proven benefits, metabolic restoration is underused in sepsis. This s...

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Main Authors: Liu-Liu Lu, Yu-Li Cao, Zhen-Chen Lu, Han Wu, Shan-Song Hu, Bing-Qing Ye, Jin-Zhi He, Lei Di, Xu-Lin Chen, Zhi-Cheng Liu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Metabolites
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/15/5/290
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author Liu-Liu Lu
Yu-Li Cao
Zhen-Chen Lu
Han Wu
Shan-Song Hu
Bing-Qing Ye
Jin-Zhi He
Lei Di
Xu-Lin Chen
Zhi-Cheng Liu
author_facet Liu-Liu Lu
Yu-Li Cao
Zhen-Chen Lu
Han Wu
Shan-Song Hu
Bing-Qing Ye
Jin-Zhi He
Lei Di
Xu-Lin Chen
Zhi-Cheng Liu
author_sort Liu-Liu Lu
collection DOAJ
description <b>Background:</b> Sepsis-induced acute lung injury (SALI) is a critical clinical challenge with high mortality. Metabolic dysregulation drives SALI pathogenesis, disrupting lung function and energy metabolism. Despite proven benefits, metabolic restoration is underused in sepsis. This study explores chiglitazar’s role in balancing metabolism to protect against SALI. <b>Methods:</b> The protective effects of chiglitazar in CLP rats were demonstrated by the survival curve, histological analysis, and immunohistochemical analysis in the lung tissue. Metabolomic and lipidomic analyses of lung tissue samples using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) were performed to evaluate metabolic shifts induced by CLP surgery and chiglitazar pretreatment. The mRNA and protein levels of the underlying targets directing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and triglyceride synthesis were analyzed by qPCR and Western blotting. To validate the mechanism by which chiglitazar protected against SALI, the SIRT1 inhibitor EX-527 was applied to human normal lung epithelial (BEAS-2B) cells and another batch of rats to observe its reverse effect against chiglitazar’s action. <b>Results:</b> Chiglitazar pretreatment significantly restored NAD+ and improved dysregulated lipid metabolism by enhancing the synthesis of triglycerides (TGs) and suppressing accumulated fatty acids (FAs). The metabolic modulation mediated by chiglitazar was associated with the upregulations of the SIRT1/PGC-1α/PPARα/GPAT3 axis. Co-treatment with EX-527 in LPS-stimulated BEAS-2B cells and CLP rats inhibited the effects of chiglitazar on the aforementioned signaling pathways and worsened the protective effects of chiglitazar on lung injury, respectively. <b>Conclusions:</b> Chiglitazar alleviates SALI by restoring NAD+ and TG synthesis, highlighting the balancing of metabolism as a promising therapeutic strategy in the management of SALI.
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spelling doaj-art-2db4606b3e56403aac57954bfe59d1822025-08-20T03:14:35ZengMDPI AGMetabolites2218-19892025-04-0115529010.3390/metabo15050290Integrated Metabolomics and Lipidomics Analysis Reveals the Mechanism Behind the Action of Chiglitazar on the Protection Against Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung InjuryLiu-Liu Lu0Yu-Li Cao1Zhen-Chen Lu2Han Wu3Shan-Song Hu4Bing-Qing Ye5Jin-Zhi He6Lei Di7Xu-Lin Chen8Zhi-Cheng Liu9School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, ChinaThe First Department of Critical Care Medicine of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, ChinaSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, ChinaSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, ChinaSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, ChinaSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, ChinaSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, ChinaSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, ChinaDepartment of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, ChinaSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China<b>Background:</b> Sepsis-induced acute lung injury (SALI) is a critical clinical challenge with high mortality. Metabolic dysregulation drives SALI pathogenesis, disrupting lung function and energy metabolism. Despite proven benefits, metabolic restoration is underused in sepsis. This study explores chiglitazar’s role in balancing metabolism to protect against SALI. <b>Methods:</b> The protective effects of chiglitazar in CLP rats were demonstrated by the survival curve, histological analysis, and immunohistochemical analysis in the lung tissue. Metabolomic and lipidomic analyses of lung tissue samples using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) were performed to evaluate metabolic shifts induced by CLP surgery and chiglitazar pretreatment. The mRNA and protein levels of the underlying targets directing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and triglyceride synthesis were analyzed by qPCR and Western blotting. To validate the mechanism by which chiglitazar protected against SALI, the SIRT1 inhibitor EX-527 was applied to human normal lung epithelial (BEAS-2B) cells and another batch of rats to observe its reverse effect against chiglitazar’s action. <b>Results:</b> Chiglitazar pretreatment significantly restored NAD+ and improved dysregulated lipid metabolism by enhancing the synthesis of triglycerides (TGs) and suppressing accumulated fatty acids (FAs). The metabolic modulation mediated by chiglitazar was associated with the upregulations of the SIRT1/PGC-1α/PPARα/GPAT3 axis. Co-treatment with EX-527 in LPS-stimulated BEAS-2B cells and CLP rats inhibited the effects of chiglitazar on the aforementioned signaling pathways and worsened the protective effects of chiglitazar on lung injury, respectively. <b>Conclusions:</b> Chiglitazar alleviates SALI by restoring NAD+ and TG synthesis, highlighting the balancing of metabolism as a promising therapeutic strategy in the management of SALI.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/15/5/290sepsis-induced acute lung injurymetabolic modulationmetabolic disordermulti-omicschiglitazar
spellingShingle Liu-Liu Lu
Yu-Li Cao
Zhen-Chen Lu
Han Wu
Shan-Song Hu
Bing-Qing Ye
Jin-Zhi He
Lei Di
Xu-Lin Chen
Zhi-Cheng Liu
Integrated Metabolomics and Lipidomics Analysis Reveals the Mechanism Behind the Action of Chiglitazar on the Protection Against Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury
Metabolites
sepsis-induced acute lung injury
metabolic modulation
metabolic disorder
multi-omics
chiglitazar
title Integrated Metabolomics and Lipidomics Analysis Reveals the Mechanism Behind the Action of Chiglitazar on the Protection Against Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury
title_full Integrated Metabolomics and Lipidomics Analysis Reveals the Mechanism Behind the Action of Chiglitazar on the Protection Against Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury
title_fullStr Integrated Metabolomics and Lipidomics Analysis Reveals the Mechanism Behind the Action of Chiglitazar on the Protection Against Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury
title_full_unstemmed Integrated Metabolomics and Lipidomics Analysis Reveals the Mechanism Behind the Action of Chiglitazar on the Protection Against Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury
title_short Integrated Metabolomics and Lipidomics Analysis Reveals the Mechanism Behind the Action of Chiglitazar on the Protection Against Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury
title_sort integrated metabolomics and lipidomics analysis reveals the mechanism behind the action of chiglitazar on the protection against sepsis induced acute lung injury
topic sepsis-induced acute lung injury
metabolic modulation
metabolic disorder
multi-omics
chiglitazar
url https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/15/5/290
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