The role of major and minor structural proteins of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in induction of protective immunity
IntroductionPorcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), an economically significant threat to the world pork production, is notoriously known for its heterogeneity, and therefore the current vaccines often fail to provide efficient cross-protection against diverse PRRSV strains.Meth...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1563186/full |
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| author | Dan Li Dan Li Laixu Zhu Laixu Zhu Chenchen Cui Chenchen Cui Zhenchun Wu Zhenchun Wu Pengkai Qing Pengkai Qing Qiongqiong Zhou Qiongqiong Zhou Peng Gao Peng Gao Yongning Zhang Yongning Zhang Lei Zhou Lei Zhou Xinna Ge Xinna Ge Xin Guo Xin Guo Jun Han Jun Han Hanchun Yang Hanchun Yang |
| author_facet | Dan Li Dan Li Laixu Zhu Laixu Zhu Chenchen Cui Chenchen Cui Zhenchun Wu Zhenchun Wu Pengkai Qing Pengkai Qing Qiongqiong Zhou Qiongqiong Zhou Peng Gao Peng Gao Yongning Zhang Yongning Zhang Lei Zhou Lei Zhou Xinna Ge Xinna Ge Xin Guo Xin Guo Jun Han Jun Han Hanchun Yang Hanchun Yang |
| author_sort | Dan Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionPorcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), an economically significant threat to the world pork production, is notoriously known for its heterogeneity, and therefore the current vaccines often fail to provide efficient cross-protection against diverse PRRSV strains.MethodsBy making chimeric viruses using HP-PRRSV-2 lineage 8 (JXwn06) and lineage 1 NADC30-like strains (CHsx1401) as model organisms, the recently results have shown that the viral structural protein-coding region is critical for induction of homologous immunity. In this study, the chimeric viruses were further constructed by exchanging the region coding for the minor (GP2/3/4) or major (GP5/M) structural proteins of JXwn06 on the backbone of CHsx1401 to generate two mutants CHsx1401-GP234JX and CHsx1401-GP5MJX.ResultsThe subsequent animal experiment showed that all three chimeras could confer good protective immunity against the lethal challenge by HP-PRRSV strain JXwn06, and the survived pigs had much lower lung lesions, faster viremia clearance, and lower viral tissue load. However, the exchange of SP region as a whole performed better than either GP2/3/4 or GP5/M region alone, as the pigs in the latter groups showed transient fever following challenge and higher viral load in certain tissues, highlighting a synergistic role. Interestingly, as compared to the group CHsx1401-GP234JX, the group CHsx1401-GP5MJX showed excellent viremia clearance, comparable to the SP group.DiscussionOur results in this report revealed the important role of ORFs2-4 and ORFs5-6 regions in induction of protective immunity and have important implications in understanding viral pathogenesis and further vaccine development. |
| format | Article |
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| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-2d9b9769d102472caad35bb8b2fa37022025-08-20T02:06:44ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2025-03-011610.3389/fmicb.2025.15631861563186The role of major and minor structural proteins of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in induction of protective immunityDan Li0Dan Li1Laixu Zhu2Laixu Zhu3Chenchen Cui4Chenchen Cui5Zhenchun Wu6Zhenchun Wu7Pengkai Qing8Pengkai Qing9Qiongqiong Zhou10Qiongqiong Zhou11Peng Gao12Peng Gao13Yongning Zhang14Yongning Zhang15Lei Zhou16Lei Zhou17Xinna Ge18Xinna Ge19Xin Guo20Xin Guo21Jun Han22Jun Han23Hanchun Yang24Hanchun Yang25State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, ChinaKey Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, ChinaKey Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, ChinaKey Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, ChinaKey Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, ChinaKey Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, ChinaKey Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, ChinaKey Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, ChinaKey Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, ChinaKey Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, ChinaKey Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, ChinaKey Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, ChinaKey Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, ChinaKey Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, ChinaIntroductionPorcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), an economically significant threat to the world pork production, is notoriously known for its heterogeneity, and therefore the current vaccines often fail to provide efficient cross-protection against diverse PRRSV strains.MethodsBy making chimeric viruses using HP-PRRSV-2 lineage 8 (JXwn06) and lineage 1 NADC30-like strains (CHsx1401) as model organisms, the recently results have shown that the viral structural protein-coding region is critical for induction of homologous immunity. In this study, the chimeric viruses were further constructed by exchanging the region coding for the minor (GP2/3/4) or major (GP5/M) structural proteins of JXwn06 on the backbone of CHsx1401 to generate two mutants CHsx1401-GP234JX and CHsx1401-GP5MJX.ResultsThe subsequent animal experiment showed that all three chimeras could confer good protective immunity against the lethal challenge by HP-PRRSV strain JXwn06, and the survived pigs had much lower lung lesions, faster viremia clearance, and lower viral tissue load. However, the exchange of SP region as a whole performed better than either GP2/3/4 or GP5/M region alone, as the pigs in the latter groups showed transient fever following challenge and higher viral load in certain tissues, highlighting a synergistic role. Interestingly, as compared to the group CHsx1401-GP234JX, the group CHsx1401-GP5MJX showed excellent viremia clearance, comparable to the SP group.DiscussionOur results in this report revealed the important role of ORFs2-4 and ORFs5-6 regions in induction of protective immunity and have important implications in understanding viral pathogenesis and further vaccine development.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1563186/fullporcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virusstructural proteinshomologous protectionpathogenicityvaccine development |
| spellingShingle | Dan Li Dan Li Laixu Zhu Laixu Zhu Chenchen Cui Chenchen Cui Zhenchun Wu Zhenchun Wu Pengkai Qing Pengkai Qing Qiongqiong Zhou Qiongqiong Zhou Peng Gao Peng Gao Yongning Zhang Yongning Zhang Lei Zhou Lei Zhou Xinna Ge Xinna Ge Xin Guo Xin Guo Jun Han Jun Han Hanchun Yang Hanchun Yang The role of major and minor structural proteins of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in induction of protective immunity Frontiers in Microbiology porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus structural proteins homologous protection pathogenicity vaccine development |
| title | The role of major and minor structural proteins of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in induction of protective immunity |
| title_full | The role of major and minor structural proteins of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in induction of protective immunity |
| title_fullStr | The role of major and minor structural proteins of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in induction of protective immunity |
| title_full_unstemmed | The role of major and minor structural proteins of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in induction of protective immunity |
| title_short | The role of major and minor structural proteins of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in induction of protective immunity |
| title_sort | role of major and minor structural proteins of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in induction of protective immunity |
| topic | porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus structural proteins homologous protection pathogenicity vaccine development |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1563186/full |
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