Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia in Two Immunosuppressed Non-HIV Infected Patients: A Clinical and Therapeutic Analysis
Weiran Li, Mao Hua, Jin Guo, Wenbo Jia Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Mao Hua, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, No. 29 Tongren Road, Chengxi District, Xining, Qinghai Province, 810006, People’s Republi...
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Dove Medical Press
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Infection and Drug Resistance |
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| author | Li W Hua M Guo J Jia W |
| author_facet | Li W Hua M Guo J Jia W |
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| description | Weiran Li, Mao Hua, Jin Guo, Wenbo Jia Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Mao Hua, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, No. 29 Tongren Road, Chengxi District, Xining, Qinghai Province, 810006, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 0971-6162000, Email qhdxxxgk@126.comAbstract: Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) is an opportunistic fungal infection that often occurs secondary to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. However, for non-HIV immunocompromised patients, such as those undergoing novel immunosuppressive treatments to manage malignancies, organ transplants, or connective tissue diseases, PJP is emerging as an increasing threat. The clinical manifestations of PJP in HIV-infected and non-HIV-infected patients differ significantly. In non-HIV-infected patients, PJP progresses rapidly and is challenging to diagnose, resulting in severe respiratory failure and a poor prognosis. We describe lymphocytopenia in two women who were recently treated with methotrexate, tacrolimus, and corticosteroids for immunosuppressive therapy following adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer and kidney transplantation. The initial examination included a high-resolution chest CT indicating atypical pneumonia, and treatment was initiated with trimethoprim - sulfamethoxazole and oxygen support. Subsequently, bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage with mNGS detected Pneumocystis jirovecii. After 3 weeks of treatment with cotrimoxazole, the two patients recovered significantly and their condition was stable.Keywords: pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia, non-HIV-Infected, malignancy, organ transplantation, immunosuppression |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2d96655033404ecd9f8ee26c963f677e |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1178-6973 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Infection and Drug Resistance |
| spelling | doaj-art-2d96655033404ecd9f8ee26c963f677e2025-08-20T01:49:22ZengDove Medical PressInfection and Drug Resistance1178-69732025-01-01Volume 1828529599257Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia in Two Immunosuppressed Non-HIV Infected Patients: A Clinical and Therapeutic AnalysisLi WHua MGuo JJia WWeiran Li, Mao Hua, Jin Guo, Wenbo Jia Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Mao Hua, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, No. 29 Tongren Road, Chengxi District, Xining, Qinghai Province, 810006, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 0971-6162000, Email qhdxxxgk@126.comAbstract: Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) is an opportunistic fungal infection that often occurs secondary to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. However, for non-HIV immunocompromised patients, such as those undergoing novel immunosuppressive treatments to manage malignancies, organ transplants, or connective tissue diseases, PJP is emerging as an increasing threat. The clinical manifestations of PJP in HIV-infected and non-HIV-infected patients differ significantly. In non-HIV-infected patients, PJP progresses rapidly and is challenging to diagnose, resulting in severe respiratory failure and a poor prognosis. We describe lymphocytopenia in two women who were recently treated with methotrexate, tacrolimus, and corticosteroids for immunosuppressive therapy following adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer and kidney transplantation. The initial examination included a high-resolution chest CT indicating atypical pneumonia, and treatment was initiated with trimethoprim - sulfamethoxazole and oxygen support. Subsequently, bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage with mNGS detected Pneumocystis jirovecii. After 3 weeks of treatment with cotrimoxazole, the two patients recovered significantly and their condition was stable.Keywords: pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia, non-HIV-Infected, malignancy, organ transplantation, immunosuppressionhttps://www.dovepress.com/pneumocystis-jirovecii-pneumonia-in-two-immunosuppressed-non-hiv-infec-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IDRpneumocystis jirovecii pneumonianon-hiv-infectedmalignancyorgan transplantation，immunosuppression |
| spellingShingle | Li W Hua M Guo J Jia W Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia in Two Immunosuppressed Non-HIV Infected Patients: A Clinical and Therapeutic Analysis Infection and Drug Resistance pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia non-hiv-infected malignancy organ transplantation，immunosuppression |
| title | Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia in Two Immunosuppressed Non-HIV Infected Patients: A Clinical and Therapeutic Analysis |
| title_full | Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia in Two Immunosuppressed Non-HIV Infected Patients: A Clinical and Therapeutic Analysis |
| title_fullStr | Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia in Two Immunosuppressed Non-HIV Infected Patients: A Clinical and Therapeutic Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia in Two Immunosuppressed Non-HIV Infected Patients: A Clinical and Therapeutic Analysis |
| title_short | Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia in Two Immunosuppressed Non-HIV Infected Patients: A Clinical and Therapeutic Analysis |
| title_sort | pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in two immunosuppressed non hiv infected patients a clinical and therapeutic analysis |
| topic | pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia non-hiv-infected malignancy organ transplantation，immunosuppression |
| url | https://www.dovepress.com/pneumocystis-jirovecii-pneumonia-in-two-immunosuppressed-non-hiv-infec-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IDR |
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