Exploring the significant genetic diversity of Iranian isolates of Leishmania RNA virus 2 using whole genome sequence analysis

Abstract Background Our work presents the whole genome sequence and phylogenetic analysis of five Leishmania RNA virus 2 (LRV2) isolates obtained from patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in Iran. Methods The whole genome sequencing of LRV2 was performed using a primer walking approach. The re...

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Main Authors: Reza Saberi, Homa Hajjaran, Mahdi Fakhar, Zahra Mirabedini, Mehdi Mohebali
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2024-12-01
Series:BMC Infectious Diseases
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-024-10194-6
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author Reza Saberi
Homa Hajjaran
Mahdi Fakhar
Zahra Mirabedini
Mehdi Mohebali
author_facet Reza Saberi
Homa Hajjaran
Mahdi Fakhar
Zahra Mirabedini
Mehdi Mohebali
author_sort Reza Saberi
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Our work presents the whole genome sequence and phylogenetic analysis of five Leishmania RNA virus 2 (LRV2) isolates obtained from patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in Iran. Methods The whole genome sequencing of LRV2 was performed using a primer walking approach. The resulting sequences were analyzed for genetic and haplotype diversity, highlighting their independent evolution and significant genetic divergence. Results The whole genome sequence of the current LRV2 showed high genetic and haplotype diversity. The study also revealed the existence of three distinct clades of LRV2, with the LRV2 sequences infecting L. major, L. aethiopica, and sauroleishmania belonging to separate lineages. These lineages have seemingly evolved independently, as the geographic distribution of their flagellate hosts does not overlap with the Leishmania species. The divergence between these three clades is attributed to considerable antiquity, leading to genetic modifications within the viruses residing in them and resulting in structural differences in their genome. Conclusions These findings contribute to our understanding of the genetic diversity and evolution of LRVs, providing valuable insights into their role in Leishmania infections. Further investigations are needed to understand the significance of these polymorphic sites and their potential impact on viral characteristics and disease outcomes.
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publishDate 2024-12-01
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spelling doaj-art-2d808475c33b4abdb2c90b6b8a767e6d2025-08-20T02:39:51ZengBMCBMC Infectious Diseases1471-23342024-12-0124111110.1186/s12879-024-10194-6Exploring the significant genetic diversity of Iranian isolates of Leishmania RNA virus 2 using whole genome sequence analysisReza Saberi0Homa Hajjaran1Mahdi Fakhar2Zahra Mirabedini3Mehdi Mohebali4Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical SciencesToxoplasmosis Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical SciencesAbstract Background Our work presents the whole genome sequence and phylogenetic analysis of five Leishmania RNA virus 2 (LRV2) isolates obtained from patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in Iran. Methods The whole genome sequencing of LRV2 was performed using a primer walking approach. The resulting sequences were analyzed for genetic and haplotype diversity, highlighting their independent evolution and significant genetic divergence. Results The whole genome sequence of the current LRV2 showed high genetic and haplotype diversity. The study also revealed the existence of three distinct clades of LRV2, with the LRV2 sequences infecting L. major, L. aethiopica, and sauroleishmania belonging to separate lineages. These lineages have seemingly evolved independently, as the geographic distribution of their flagellate hosts does not overlap with the Leishmania species. The divergence between these three clades is attributed to considerable antiquity, leading to genetic modifications within the viruses residing in them and resulting in structural differences in their genome. Conclusions These findings contribute to our understanding of the genetic diversity and evolution of LRVs, providing valuable insights into their role in Leishmania infections. Further investigations are needed to understand the significance of these polymorphic sites and their potential impact on viral characteristics and disease outcomes.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-024-10194-6Cutaneous leishmaniasisGenetic diversityLeishmania RNA virus 2Primer walkingWhole genome sequence
spellingShingle Reza Saberi
Homa Hajjaran
Mahdi Fakhar
Zahra Mirabedini
Mehdi Mohebali
Exploring the significant genetic diversity of Iranian isolates of Leishmania RNA virus 2 using whole genome sequence analysis
BMC Infectious Diseases
Cutaneous leishmaniasis
Genetic diversity
Leishmania RNA virus 2
Primer walking
Whole genome sequence
title Exploring the significant genetic diversity of Iranian isolates of Leishmania RNA virus 2 using whole genome sequence analysis
title_full Exploring the significant genetic diversity of Iranian isolates of Leishmania RNA virus 2 using whole genome sequence analysis
title_fullStr Exploring the significant genetic diversity of Iranian isolates of Leishmania RNA virus 2 using whole genome sequence analysis
title_full_unstemmed Exploring the significant genetic diversity of Iranian isolates of Leishmania RNA virus 2 using whole genome sequence analysis
title_short Exploring the significant genetic diversity of Iranian isolates of Leishmania RNA virus 2 using whole genome sequence analysis
title_sort exploring the significant genetic diversity of iranian isolates of leishmania rna virus 2 using whole genome sequence analysis
topic Cutaneous leishmaniasis
Genetic diversity
Leishmania RNA virus 2
Primer walking
Whole genome sequence
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-024-10194-6
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