Genotype-dependent responses to HIPV exposure in citrus: repression of CsPUB21 and activation of SA/JA signaling
Herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) are known to activate immune signaling in plants; however, their effectiveness can vary depending on the genotype and the signaling pathway involved. In this study, we evaluated the transcriptional response of four citrus rootstocks (Carrizo citrange, Forner...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2025.1605151/full |
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| author | Raúl Ortells-Fabra Carolina Gallego-Giraldo Maria Angeles Forner-Giner Alberto Urbaneja Meritxell Pérez-Hedo |
| author_facet | Raúl Ortells-Fabra Carolina Gallego-Giraldo Maria Angeles Forner-Giner Alberto Urbaneja Meritxell Pérez-Hedo |
| author_sort | Raúl Ortells-Fabra |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) are known to activate immune signaling in plants; however, their effectiveness can vary depending on the genotype and the signaling pathway involved. In this study, we evaluated the transcriptional response of four citrus rootstocks (Carrizo citrange, Forner-Alcaide 5 (FA5), Forner-Alcaide 74 (FA74), and Microcitrus australasica) to six synthetic HIPVs [(Z)-3-hexen-1-ol, (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate, (Z)-3-hexenyl butyrate, (Z)-3-hexenyl propanoate, methyl jasmonate, and methyl salicylate]. We focused on genes associated with the salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) pathways, as well as the susceptibility gene CsPUB21. Overall, the SA pathway was more consistently activated than the JA pathway, with upstream and intermediate genes induced across most genotypes and treatments. In contrast, downstream markers showed more variable expression, suggesting that synthetic HIPVs may induce a primed rather than fully activated defense state. Among the volatiles tested, (Z)-3-hexenyl propanoate and (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol were the most effective, activating genes in both pathways. Importantly, these two compounds also consistently repressed CsPUB21 expression, a gene recently associated with huanglongbing (HLB) susceptibility, through coordinated transcriptional and post-translational regulation. Carrizo citrange showed the strongest transcriptional response, while FA74 exhibited more moderate activation, emphasizing the influence of genetic background on HIPV perception and signaling. These findings highlight the potential of selected synthetic HIPVs as sustainable defense priming agents capable of enhancing citrus immunity by simultaneously activating immune pathways and repressing susceptibility genes such as CsPUB21. This dual mode of action offers promising tools for the integrated management of HLB and other citrus diseases. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2d7970db0f3e495b89a2b638f07bf8ed |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-2d7970db0f3e495b89a2b638f07bf8ed2025-08-20T02:20:37ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2025-06-011610.3389/fpls.2025.16051511605151Genotype-dependent responses to HIPV exposure in citrus: repression of CsPUB21 and activation of SA/JA signalingRaúl Ortells-Fabra0Carolina Gallego-Giraldo1Maria Angeles Forner-Giner2Alberto Urbaneja3Meritxell Pérez-Hedo4Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), Centro de Protección Vegetal y Biotecnología, Unidad de Entomología, Moncada, SpainInstituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), Centro de Protección Vegetal y Biotecnología, Unidad de Entomología, Moncada, SpainInstituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), Centro de Citricultura y Producción Vegetal, Moncada, SpainInstituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), Centro de Protección Vegetal y Biotecnología, Unidad de Entomología, Moncada, SpainInstituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, SpainHerbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) are known to activate immune signaling in plants; however, their effectiveness can vary depending on the genotype and the signaling pathway involved. In this study, we evaluated the transcriptional response of four citrus rootstocks (Carrizo citrange, Forner-Alcaide 5 (FA5), Forner-Alcaide 74 (FA74), and Microcitrus australasica) to six synthetic HIPVs [(Z)-3-hexen-1-ol, (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate, (Z)-3-hexenyl butyrate, (Z)-3-hexenyl propanoate, methyl jasmonate, and methyl salicylate]. We focused on genes associated with the salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) pathways, as well as the susceptibility gene CsPUB21. Overall, the SA pathway was more consistently activated than the JA pathway, with upstream and intermediate genes induced across most genotypes and treatments. In contrast, downstream markers showed more variable expression, suggesting that synthetic HIPVs may induce a primed rather than fully activated defense state. Among the volatiles tested, (Z)-3-hexenyl propanoate and (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol were the most effective, activating genes in both pathways. Importantly, these two compounds also consistently repressed CsPUB21 expression, a gene recently associated with huanglongbing (HLB) susceptibility, through coordinated transcriptional and post-translational regulation. Carrizo citrange showed the strongest transcriptional response, while FA74 exhibited more moderate activation, emphasizing the influence of genetic background on HIPV perception and signaling. These findings highlight the potential of selected synthetic HIPVs as sustainable defense priming agents capable of enhancing citrus immunity by simultaneously activating immune pathways and repressing susceptibility genes such as CsPUB21. This dual mode of action offers promising tools for the integrated management of HLB and other citrus diseases.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2025.1605151/fulljasmonic acid signalingsalicylic acid pathwayCsPUB21volatile organic compoundsdefense gene expressionbiotic stress |
| spellingShingle | Raúl Ortells-Fabra Carolina Gallego-Giraldo Maria Angeles Forner-Giner Alberto Urbaneja Meritxell Pérez-Hedo Genotype-dependent responses to HIPV exposure in citrus: repression of CsPUB21 and activation of SA/JA signaling Frontiers in Plant Science jasmonic acid signaling salicylic acid pathway CsPUB21 volatile organic compounds defense gene expression biotic stress |
| title | Genotype-dependent responses to HIPV exposure in citrus: repression of CsPUB21 and activation of SA/JA signaling |
| title_full | Genotype-dependent responses to HIPV exposure in citrus: repression of CsPUB21 and activation of SA/JA signaling |
| title_fullStr | Genotype-dependent responses to HIPV exposure in citrus: repression of CsPUB21 and activation of SA/JA signaling |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genotype-dependent responses to HIPV exposure in citrus: repression of CsPUB21 and activation of SA/JA signaling |
| title_short | Genotype-dependent responses to HIPV exposure in citrus: repression of CsPUB21 and activation of SA/JA signaling |
| title_sort | genotype dependent responses to hipv exposure in citrus repression of cspub21 and activation of sa ja signaling |
| topic | jasmonic acid signaling salicylic acid pathway CsPUB21 volatile organic compounds defense gene expression biotic stress |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2025.1605151/full |
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