Proteomic analysis of post-COVID condition: Insights from plasma and pellet blood fractions
Background: Persistent symptoms extending beyond the acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection, known as Post-COVID condition (PCC), continue to impact many individuals years after the COVID-19 pandemic began. This highlights an urgent need for a deeper understanding and effective treatments. While signif...
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Elsevier
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Journal of Infection and Public Health |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876034124003058 |
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| author | Alejandro Seco-González Paula Antelo-Riveiro Susana B. Bravo P.F. Garrido M.J. Domínguez-Santalla E. Rodríguez-Ruiz Á. Piñeiro R. Garcia-Fandino |
| author_facet | Alejandro Seco-González Paula Antelo-Riveiro Susana B. Bravo P.F. Garrido M.J. Domínguez-Santalla E. Rodríguez-Ruiz Á. Piñeiro R. Garcia-Fandino |
| author_sort | Alejandro Seco-González |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Persistent symptoms extending beyond the acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection, known as Post-COVID condition (PCC), continue to impact many individuals years after the COVID-19 pandemic began. This highlights an urgent need for a deeper understanding and effective treatments. While significant progress has been made in understanding the acute phase of COVID-19 through omics-based approaches, the proteomic alterations linked to the long-term effects of the infection remain underexplored. This study aims to investigate these proteomic changes and develop a method for stratifying disease severity. Methods: Using Sequential Window Acquisition of All Theoretical Fragment Ion Mass Spectra (SWATH-MS) technology, we performed comprehensive proteomic profiling of blood samples from 65 PCC patients. Both plasma and pellet (cellular components) fractions were analyzed to capture a wide array of proteomic changes associated with PCC. Results: Proteomic profiling revealed distinct differences between symptomatic and asymptomatic PCC patients. In the plasma fraction, symptomatic patients exhibited significant upregulation of proteins involved in coagulation, immune response, oxidative stress, and various metabolic processes, while certain immunoglobulins and proteins involved in cellular stress responses were downregulated. In the pellet fraction, symptomatic patients showed upregulation of proteins related to immune response, coagulation, oxidative stress, and metabolic enzymes, with downregulation observed in components of the complement system, glycolysis enzymes, and cytoskeletal proteins. A key outcome was the development of a novel severity scale based on the concentration of identified proteins, which correlated strongly with the clinical symptoms of PCC. This scale, derived from unsupervised clustering analysis, provides precise quantification of PCC severity, enabling effective patient stratification. Conclusions: The identified proteomic alterations offer valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying PCC, highlighting potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. This research supports the development of tailored clinical interventions to alleviate persistent symptoms, ultimately enhancing patient outcomes and quality of life. The quantifiable measure of disease severity aids clinicians in understanding the condition in individual patients, facilitating personalized treatment plans and accurate monitoring of disease progression and response to therapy. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2d593123ba7148d3a27cc4d7888013aa |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1876-0341 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| series | Journal of Infection and Public Health |
| spelling | doaj-art-2d593123ba7148d3a27cc4d7888013aa2025-08-20T02:48:38ZengElsevierJournal of Infection and Public Health1876-03412024-12-01171210257110.1016/j.jiph.2024.102571Proteomic analysis of post-COVID condition: Insights from plasma and pellet blood fractionsAlejandro Seco-González0Paula Antelo-Riveiro1Susana B. Bravo2P.F. Garrido3M.J. Domínguez-Santalla4E. Rodríguez-Ruiz5Á. Piñeiro6R. Garcia-Fandino7Department of Organic Chemistry, Center for Research in Biological Chemistry and Molecular Materials, Santiago de Compostela University, CIQUS, SpainDepartment of Organic Chemistry, Center for Research in Biological Chemistry and Molecular Materials, Santiago de Compostela University, CIQUS, Spain; Soft Matter & Molecular Biophysics Group, Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Santiago de Compostela, SpainProteomic Unit, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias-IDIS, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, SpainDepartment of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, 0371 Oslo, NorwayInternal Medicine Department, University Clinic Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Galician Public Health System (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, SpainIntensive Care Medicine Department, University Clinic Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Galician Public Health System (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Simulation, Life Support & Intensive Care Research Unit of Santiago de Compostela (SICRUS), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain; CLINURSID Research Group, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, SpainSoft Matter & Molecular Biophysics Group, Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Corresponding authors.Department of Organic Chemistry, Center for Research in Biological Chemistry and Molecular Materials, Santiago de Compostela University, CIQUS, Spain; Corresponding authors.Background: Persistent symptoms extending beyond the acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection, known as Post-COVID condition (PCC), continue to impact many individuals years after the COVID-19 pandemic began. This highlights an urgent need for a deeper understanding and effective treatments. While significant progress has been made in understanding the acute phase of COVID-19 through omics-based approaches, the proteomic alterations linked to the long-term effects of the infection remain underexplored. This study aims to investigate these proteomic changes and develop a method for stratifying disease severity. Methods: Using Sequential Window Acquisition of All Theoretical Fragment Ion Mass Spectra (SWATH-MS) technology, we performed comprehensive proteomic profiling of blood samples from 65 PCC patients. Both plasma and pellet (cellular components) fractions were analyzed to capture a wide array of proteomic changes associated with PCC. Results: Proteomic profiling revealed distinct differences between symptomatic and asymptomatic PCC patients. In the plasma fraction, symptomatic patients exhibited significant upregulation of proteins involved in coagulation, immune response, oxidative stress, and various metabolic processes, while certain immunoglobulins and proteins involved in cellular stress responses were downregulated. In the pellet fraction, symptomatic patients showed upregulation of proteins related to immune response, coagulation, oxidative stress, and metabolic enzymes, with downregulation observed in components of the complement system, glycolysis enzymes, and cytoskeletal proteins. A key outcome was the development of a novel severity scale based on the concentration of identified proteins, which correlated strongly with the clinical symptoms of PCC. This scale, derived from unsupervised clustering analysis, provides precise quantification of PCC severity, enabling effective patient stratification. Conclusions: The identified proteomic alterations offer valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying PCC, highlighting potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. This research supports the development of tailored clinical interventions to alleviate persistent symptoms, ultimately enhancing patient outcomes and quality of life. The quantifiable measure of disease severity aids clinicians in understanding the condition in individual patients, facilitating personalized treatment plans and accurate monitoring of disease progression and response to therapy.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876034124003058Post-COVID conditionProteomicsSequential Window Acquisition of All Theoretical Fragment Ion Mass Spectra (SWATH-MS)Protein biomarkersDisease severity quantificationBlood fractions |
| spellingShingle | Alejandro Seco-González Paula Antelo-Riveiro Susana B. Bravo P.F. Garrido M.J. Domínguez-Santalla E. Rodríguez-Ruiz Á. Piñeiro R. Garcia-Fandino Proteomic analysis of post-COVID condition: Insights from plasma and pellet blood fractions Journal of Infection and Public Health Post-COVID condition Proteomics Sequential Window Acquisition of All Theoretical Fragment Ion Mass Spectra (SWATH-MS) Protein biomarkers Disease severity quantification Blood fractions |
| title | Proteomic analysis of post-COVID condition: Insights from plasma and pellet blood fractions |
| title_full | Proteomic analysis of post-COVID condition: Insights from plasma and pellet blood fractions |
| title_fullStr | Proteomic analysis of post-COVID condition: Insights from plasma and pellet blood fractions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Proteomic analysis of post-COVID condition: Insights from plasma and pellet blood fractions |
| title_short | Proteomic analysis of post-COVID condition: Insights from plasma and pellet blood fractions |
| title_sort | proteomic analysis of post covid condition insights from plasma and pellet blood fractions |
| topic | Post-COVID condition Proteomics Sequential Window Acquisition of All Theoretical Fragment Ion Mass Spectra (SWATH-MS) Protein biomarkers Disease severity quantification Blood fractions |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876034124003058 |
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