A case study on thermal conductivity characteristics and prediction of rock and soil mass at a proposed ground source heat pump (GSHP) site

Abstract Shallow geothermal energy (SGE) has a wide range of applications in the field of building cooling and heating. Ground source heat pump (GSHP) system is a technology to extract SGE. The design of borehole heat exchanger (BHE) has a great impact on heat transfer performance and investment cos...

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Main Authors: Yongjie Ma, Jingyong Wang, Fuhang Hu, Echuan Yan, Yu Zhang, Hao Deng, Xuefeng Gao, Jianguo Kang, Haoxin Shi, Xin Zhang, Jianqiao Zheng, Jixiang Guo
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-03-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-92896-8
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author Yongjie Ma
Jingyong Wang
Fuhang Hu
Echuan Yan
Yu Zhang
Hao Deng
Xuefeng Gao
Jianguo Kang
Haoxin Shi
Xin Zhang
Jianqiao Zheng
Jixiang Guo
author_facet Yongjie Ma
Jingyong Wang
Fuhang Hu
Echuan Yan
Yu Zhang
Hao Deng
Xuefeng Gao
Jianguo Kang
Haoxin Shi
Xin Zhang
Jianqiao Zheng
Jixiang Guo
author_sort Yongjie Ma
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Shallow geothermal energy (SGE) has a wide range of applications in the field of building cooling and heating. Ground source heat pump (GSHP) system is a technology to extract SGE. The design of borehole heat exchanger (BHE) has a great impact on heat transfer performance and investment cost, so it is important to accurately measure the thermal conductivity of rock and soil. Therefore, this study conducted field in-situ thermal response test (TRT) and laboratory sample test based on distributed optical fiber temperature sensor (DOFTS) in LY research area of Changchun, Northeast China. After comparing the differences and analyzing the reasons, an in-situ thermal conductivity prediction model was established based on artificial neural network (ANN) algorithm to predict in-situ thermal conductivity based on basic physical property parameters of laboratory tests. This model is used to supplement the layered thermal conductivity lacking in the CY study area. The results show that the distributed thermal conductivity can be obtained and the layered thermal conductivity can be calculated by improved combined thermal response test (ICTRT). The average layer thermal conductivity of laboratory test is about 12.2% lower than that of field test, but the thermal conductivity of the two test methods has the same variation trend along the depth. The thermal conductivity of rock mass is positively correlated with water content, negatively correlated with porosity and positively correlated with density. The result error of the in-situ thermal conductivity prediction model established by calculation is mainly within ± 5%, which is reliable and accurate. This model is used to supplement the layered thermal conductivity of the CY01 test hole. The research results can provide a new way to determine the thermal conductivity in SGE exploration.
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publishDate 2025-03-01
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spelling doaj-art-2d53cf9051f34d3eac2a2be30b12293a2025-08-20T01:57:44ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-03-0115112210.1038/s41598-025-92896-8A case study on thermal conductivity characteristics and prediction of rock and soil mass at a proposed ground source heat pump (GSHP) siteYongjie Ma0Jingyong Wang1Fuhang Hu2Echuan Yan3Yu Zhang4Hao Deng5Xuefeng Gao6Jianguo Kang7Haoxin Shi8Xin Zhang9Jianqiao Zheng10Jixiang Guo11Zhejiang Huadong Geotechnical Investigation & Design Institute CO., LTDPowerChina Huadong Engineering Corporation LimitedZhejiang Huadong Geotechnical Investigation & Design Institute CO., LTDFaculty of Engineering, China University of GeosciencesSchool of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining and TechnologyCollege of Construction Engineering, Jilin UniversitySchool of Mines, China University of Mining and TechnologyCollege of Construction Engineering, Jilin UniversityCollege of Construction Engineering, Jilin UniversityCollege of Construction Engineering, Jilin UniversityCollege of Construction Engineering, Jilin UniversityCollege of Construction Engineering, Jilin UniversityAbstract Shallow geothermal energy (SGE) has a wide range of applications in the field of building cooling and heating. Ground source heat pump (GSHP) system is a technology to extract SGE. The design of borehole heat exchanger (BHE) has a great impact on heat transfer performance and investment cost, so it is important to accurately measure the thermal conductivity of rock and soil. Therefore, this study conducted field in-situ thermal response test (TRT) and laboratory sample test based on distributed optical fiber temperature sensor (DOFTS) in LY research area of Changchun, Northeast China. After comparing the differences and analyzing the reasons, an in-situ thermal conductivity prediction model was established based on artificial neural network (ANN) algorithm to predict in-situ thermal conductivity based on basic physical property parameters of laboratory tests. This model is used to supplement the layered thermal conductivity lacking in the CY study area. The results show that the distributed thermal conductivity can be obtained and the layered thermal conductivity can be calculated by improved combined thermal response test (ICTRT). The average layer thermal conductivity of laboratory test is about 12.2% lower than that of field test, but the thermal conductivity of the two test methods has the same variation trend along the depth. The thermal conductivity of rock mass is positively correlated with water content, negatively correlated with porosity and positively correlated with density. The result error of the in-situ thermal conductivity prediction model established by calculation is mainly within ± 5%, which is reliable and accurate. This model is used to supplement the layered thermal conductivity of the CY01 test hole. The research results can provide a new way to determine the thermal conductivity in SGE exploration.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-92896-8Ground source heat pumpShallow geothermal energyImproved combined thermal response testArtificial neural networkThermal conductivity
spellingShingle Yongjie Ma
Jingyong Wang
Fuhang Hu
Echuan Yan
Yu Zhang
Hao Deng
Xuefeng Gao
Jianguo Kang
Haoxin Shi
Xin Zhang
Jianqiao Zheng
Jixiang Guo
A case study on thermal conductivity characteristics and prediction of rock and soil mass at a proposed ground source heat pump (GSHP) site
Scientific Reports
Ground source heat pump
Shallow geothermal energy
Improved combined thermal response test
Artificial neural network
Thermal conductivity
title A case study on thermal conductivity characteristics and prediction of rock and soil mass at a proposed ground source heat pump (GSHP) site
title_full A case study on thermal conductivity characteristics and prediction of rock and soil mass at a proposed ground source heat pump (GSHP) site
title_fullStr A case study on thermal conductivity characteristics and prediction of rock and soil mass at a proposed ground source heat pump (GSHP) site
title_full_unstemmed A case study on thermal conductivity characteristics and prediction of rock and soil mass at a proposed ground source heat pump (GSHP) site
title_short A case study on thermal conductivity characteristics and prediction of rock and soil mass at a proposed ground source heat pump (GSHP) site
title_sort case study on thermal conductivity characteristics and prediction of rock and soil mass at a proposed ground source heat pump gshp site
topic Ground source heat pump
Shallow geothermal energy
Improved combined thermal response test
Artificial neural network
Thermal conductivity
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-92896-8
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