A Comprehensive Review of Ship Automatic Rudder Technology: Development, Challenges, and Prospects
Ship automatic rudder systems are critical to enhancing the precision, safety, and intelligence of modern navigation, which plays a significant role in optimizing vessel control, reducing crew workload, and improving operational efficiency. First, this paper undertakes a meticulous analysis of the e...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-04-01
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| Series: | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/13/5/851 |
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| author | Minjie Zheng Qianqiang Chen Daowei Yan Yawei Zhang |
| author_facet | Minjie Zheng Qianqiang Chen Daowei Yan Yawei Zhang |
| author_sort | Minjie Zheng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ship automatic rudder systems are critical to enhancing the precision, safety, and intelligence of modern navigation, which plays a significant role in optimizing vessel control, reducing crew workload, and improving operational efficiency. First, this paper undertakes a meticulous analysis of the evolution of automatic rudder technology research through the application of bibliometric analytical methodologies. Second, a thorough literature review is conducted, focusing on the fundamental components of automatic rudder technology, encompassing sensor technologies, control algorithms, and basic functionalities, including both the latest advancements and the distinct traits of various technological approaches and algorithms. Third, the core functions of automatic rudder technology are analyzed, which includes heading control, wave compensation, ship collision avoidance, safety control mechanisms, path planning, and tracking control. Lastly, this paper summarizes the principal challenges encountered during the development of automatic rudder technology and proposes potential directions for future advancements. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2d44ee9abca3490aa6dde51ab018ced3 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2077-1312 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-2d44ee9abca3490aa6dde51ab018ced32025-08-20T01:56:28ZengMDPI AGJournal of Marine Science and Engineering2077-13122025-04-0113585110.3390/jmse13050851A Comprehensive Review of Ship Automatic Rudder Technology: Development, Challenges, and ProspectsMinjie Zheng0Qianqiang Chen1Daowei Yan2Yawei Zhang3Navigation College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, ChinaNavigation College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, ChinaNavigation College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, ChinaNavigation College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, ChinaShip automatic rudder systems are critical to enhancing the precision, safety, and intelligence of modern navigation, which plays a significant role in optimizing vessel control, reducing crew workload, and improving operational efficiency. First, this paper undertakes a meticulous analysis of the evolution of automatic rudder technology research through the application of bibliometric analytical methodologies. Second, a thorough literature review is conducted, focusing on the fundamental components of automatic rudder technology, encompassing sensor technologies, control algorithms, and basic functionalities, including both the latest advancements and the distinct traits of various technological approaches and algorithms. Third, the core functions of automatic rudder technology are analyzed, which includes heading control, wave compensation, ship collision avoidance, safety control mechanisms, path planning, and tracking control. Lastly, this paper summarizes the principal challenges encountered during the development of automatic rudder technology and proposes potential directions for future advancements.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/13/5/851ship automatic rudderheading controlautopilot systemsliterature analysis |
| spellingShingle | Minjie Zheng Qianqiang Chen Daowei Yan Yawei Zhang A Comprehensive Review of Ship Automatic Rudder Technology: Development, Challenges, and Prospects Journal of Marine Science and Engineering ship automatic rudder heading control autopilot systems literature analysis |
| title | A Comprehensive Review of Ship Automatic Rudder Technology: Development, Challenges, and Prospects |
| title_full | A Comprehensive Review of Ship Automatic Rudder Technology: Development, Challenges, and Prospects |
| title_fullStr | A Comprehensive Review of Ship Automatic Rudder Technology: Development, Challenges, and Prospects |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Comprehensive Review of Ship Automatic Rudder Technology: Development, Challenges, and Prospects |
| title_short | A Comprehensive Review of Ship Automatic Rudder Technology: Development, Challenges, and Prospects |
| title_sort | comprehensive review of ship automatic rudder technology development challenges and prospects |
| topic | ship automatic rudder heading control autopilot systems literature analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/13/5/851 |
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