Healing Through Letting Go: On the Maturation of a Certain Conception of Medicine in Indian Buddhism

“Illness itself is emptiness”, says Vīmalakīrti, in a statement that appears to reflect on the nature of sickness and disease. However, Vimalakīrti’s approach of non-duality may not satisfy the rising interest in Buddhist medicine, for which philosophical ideas of emptiness seem too far removed from...

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Main Author: Eviatar Shulman
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Religions
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1444/16/5/633
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author Eviatar Shulman
author_facet Eviatar Shulman
author_sort Eviatar Shulman
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description “Illness itself is emptiness”, says Vīmalakīrti, in a statement that appears to reflect on the nature of sickness and disease. However, Vimalakīrti’s approach of non-duality may not satisfy the rising interest in Buddhist medicine, for which philosophical ideas of emptiness seem too far removed from practical interventions with real people’s pain. Nevertheless, there may be more in Vimalakīrti’s ideas than mere sophistry, and the vision he expresses can connect to realistic practices of healing. In this article, I pursue one potent formulaic passage that appears in a number of early discourses preserved in Pāli (but not in Chinese), in order to examine some of the earlier antecedents of the idea that illness is a mental construction, and that the mind can contribute to recovery. The early discourses provide a more sober definition of the position expressed by Vimalakīrti, by showing how a variety of practitioners let go of their illness, through a change in attitude that was informed by Buddhist insight. With this these texts highlight an understanding regarding the powers of the mind over matter, which traces physical events to their mental apprehension. Not only monks, but also householders, can heal through letting go of the the inner causes that contribute to the disease. While such an understanding need not be generalized as a comprehensive statement on Buddhist medicine, it helps us understand the views and cogency of Buddhist doctrine in this context.
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spelling doaj-art-2d41b8ae12104968b45a9f4c1ea983ee2025-08-20T03:47:57ZengMDPI AGReligions2077-14442025-05-0116563310.3390/rel16050633Healing Through Letting Go: On the Maturation of a Certain Conception of Medicine in Indian BuddhismEviatar Shulman0Department for Comparative Religion, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190500, Israel“Illness itself is emptiness”, says Vīmalakīrti, in a statement that appears to reflect on the nature of sickness and disease. However, Vimalakīrti’s approach of non-duality may not satisfy the rising interest in Buddhist medicine, for which philosophical ideas of emptiness seem too far removed from practical interventions with real people’s pain. Nevertheless, there may be more in Vimalakīrti’s ideas than mere sophistry, and the vision he expresses can connect to realistic practices of healing. In this article, I pursue one potent formulaic passage that appears in a number of early discourses preserved in Pāli (but not in Chinese), in order to examine some of the earlier antecedents of the idea that illness is a mental construction, and that the mind can contribute to recovery. The early discourses provide a more sober definition of the position expressed by Vimalakīrti, by showing how a variety of practitioners let go of their illness, through a change in attitude that was informed by Buddhist insight. With this these texts highlight an understanding regarding the powers of the mind over matter, which traces physical events to their mental apprehension. Not only monks, but also householders, can heal through letting go of the the inner causes that contribute to the disease. While such an understanding need not be generalized as a comprehensive statement on Buddhist medicine, it helps us understand the views and cogency of Buddhist doctrine in this context.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1444/16/5/633imalakīrtiBuddhist medicineearly Buddhism<i>Saṃyutta-nikāya</i>
spellingShingle Eviatar Shulman
Healing Through Letting Go: On the Maturation of a Certain Conception of Medicine in Indian Buddhism
Religions
imalakīrti
Buddhist medicine
early Buddhism
<i>Saṃyutta-nikāya</i>
title Healing Through Letting Go: On the Maturation of a Certain Conception of Medicine in Indian Buddhism
title_full Healing Through Letting Go: On the Maturation of a Certain Conception of Medicine in Indian Buddhism
title_fullStr Healing Through Letting Go: On the Maturation of a Certain Conception of Medicine in Indian Buddhism
title_full_unstemmed Healing Through Letting Go: On the Maturation of a Certain Conception of Medicine in Indian Buddhism
title_short Healing Through Letting Go: On the Maturation of a Certain Conception of Medicine in Indian Buddhism
title_sort healing through letting go on the maturation of a certain conception of medicine in indian buddhism
topic imalakīrti
Buddhist medicine
early Buddhism
<i>Saṃyutta-nikāya</i>
url https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1444/16/5/633
work_keys_str_mv AT eviatarshulman healingthroughlettinggoonthematurationofacertainconceptionofmedicineinindianbuddhism