Attitudes of Ukrainian refugees in Austria: gender roles, democracy, and confidence in international institutions

Abstract The perception of cultural differences between refugee populations and host societies is central to political debates on integration. This study examines cultural values within the context of the Ukrainian refugee flows to Austria, following the Russian war of aggression. Previous research...

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Main Authors: B. Riederer, I. Buber-Ennser, I. Setz, J. Kohlenberger, B. Rengs
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SpringerOpen 2025-02-01
Series:Genus
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s41118-024-00230-3
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author B. Riederer
I. Buber-Ennser
I. Setz
J. Kohlenberger
B. Rengs
author_facet B. Riederer
I. Buber-Ennser
I. Setz
J. Kohlenberger
B. Rengs
author_sort B. Riederer
collection DOAJ
description Abstract The perception of cultural differences between refugee populations and host societies is central to political debates on integration. This study examines cultural values within the context of the Ukrainian refugee flows to Austria, following the Russian war of aggression. Previous research has shown that Ukrainian refugees represent a self-selected group in terms of their socioeconomic profile. However, there is limited evidence on whether and how their beliefs differ from those in their home society and align with those in their host society. Our research addresses this gap by offering a comparative analysis of two value dimensions: (1) gender roles, and (2) political attitudes. We utilize three large-scale data sources for our analyses to compare Ukrainian arrivals in Austria with the Austrian and Ukrainian resident populations. These sources include a rapid-response survey among Ukrainian arrivals in Austria conducted in 2022, and the most recent waves of the World Values Survey (WVS Ukraine 2020) and the European Values Study (EVS Austria 2018). Our results reveal a complex pattern. The gender role attitudes of Ukrainian arrivals deviate from both their home and host societies. Ukrainian refugees tend to hold more liberal gender role attitudes than the Ukrainian resident population and more traditional gender role attitudes than the Austrian resident population. When controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, the differences with the home country decrease, whereas the differences with the host country increase. This suggests that the selection of refugees in terms of education or age accounts for their in-between position in gender roles. Regarding beliefs in democracy, Ukrainian arrivals tend to align more closely with their home country than their host country. However, they indicate much more confidence in the EU than their compatriots and the Austrian resident population. The differences in attitudes towards democracy and confidence in international institutions remain stable even after accounting for sociodemographic characteristics, indicating that these differences are not due to socioeconomic self-selection processes. Finally, we find that Ukrainian arrivals from Kyiv stand out in both value dimensions, as they tend to hold less traditional gender role attitudes and have a more positive evaluation of democracy compared to those from other regions of Ukraine.
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spelling doaj-art-2d2ba4b7b8d54289bda1c7efe574b5cd2025-08-20T02:01:35ZengSpringerOpenGenus2035-55562025-02-0181114410.1186/s41118-024-00230-3Attitudes of Ukrainian refugees in Austria: gender roles, democracy, and confidence in international institutionsB. Riederer0I. Buber-Ennser1I. Setz2J. Kohlenberger3B. Rengs4Vienna Institute of Demography, Austrian Academy of SciencesVienna Institute of Demography, Austrian Academy of SciencesVienna Institute of Demography, Austrian Academy of SciencesDepartment of Socioeconomics, Vienna University of Economics and BusinessVienna Institute of Demography, Austrian Academy of SciencesAbstract The perception of cultural differences between refugee populations and host societies is central to political debates on integration. This study examines cultural values within the context of the Ukrainian refugee flows to Austria, following the Russian war of aggression. Previous research has shown that Ukrainian refugees represent a self-selected group in terms of their socioeconomic profile. However, there is limited evidence on whether and how their beliefs differ from those in their home society and align with those in their host society. Our research addresses this gap by offering a comparative analysis of two value dimensions: (1) gender roles, and (2) political attitudes. We utilize three large-scale data sources for our analyses to compare Ukrainian arrivals in Austria with the Austrian and Ukrainian resident populations. These sources include a rapid-response survey among Ukrainian arrivals in Austria conducted in 2022, and the most recent waves of the World Values Survey (WVS Ukraine 2020) and the European Values Study (EVS Austria 2018). Our results reveal a complex pattern. The gender role attitudes of Ukrainian arrivals deviate from both their home and host societies. Ukrainian refugees tend to hold more liberal gender role attitudes than the Ukrainian resident population and more traditional gender role attitudes than the Austrian resident population. When controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, the differences with the home country decrease, whereas the differences with the host country increase. This suggests that the selection of refugees in terms of education or age accounts for their in-between position in gender roles. Regarding beliefs in democracy, Ukrainian arrivals tend to align more closely with their home country than their host country. However, they indicate much more confidence in the EU than their compatriots and the Austrian resident population. The differences in attitudes towards democracy and confidence in international institutions remain stable even after accounting for sociodemographic characteristics, indicating that these differences are not due to socioeconomic self-selection processes. Finally, we find that Ukrainian arrivals from Kyiv stand out in both value dimensions, as they tend to hold less traditional gender role attitudes and have a more positive evaluation of democracy compared to those from other regions of Ukraine.https://doi.org/10.1186/s41118-024-00230-3UkraineRefugeesMigrationGender rolesPolitical attitudesAustria
spellingShingle B. Riederer
I. Buber-Ennser
I. Setz
J. Kohlenberger
B. Rengs
Attitudes of Ukrainian refugees in Austria: gender roles, democracy, and confidence in international institutions
Genus
Ukraine
Refugees
Migration
Gender roles
Political attitudes
Austria
title Attitudes of Ukrainian refugees in Austria: gender roles, democracy, and confidence in international institutions
title_full Attitudes of Ukrainian refugees in Austria: gender roles, democracy, and confidence in international institutions
title_fullStr Attitudes of Ukrainian refugees in Austria: gender roles, democracy, and confidence in international institutions
title_full_unstemmed Attitudes of Ukrainian refugees in Austria: gender roles, democracy, and confidence in international institutions
title_short Attitudes of Ukrainian refugees in Austria: gender roles, democracy, and confidence in international institutions
title_sort attitudes of ukrainian refugees in austria gender roles democracy and confidence in international institutions
topic Ukraine
Refugees
Migration
Gender roles
Political attitudes
Austria
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s41118-024-00230-3
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