Uncommon Infections in Children Suggest Underlying Immunodeficiency: A Case of Infective Endocarditis in a 3-Year-Old Male

Infective endocarditis (IE) results from bacterial or fungal infection and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Several known risk factors exist for endocarditis, and 90% of pediatric cases have an underlying structural or congenital heart disease or prosthetic heart valve. Litera...

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Main Authors: Aisha Shakoor, Ahmed El-Isa, Elizabeth Kinsella, Ryan Halas, Andrey Leonov
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2018-01-01
Series:Case Reports in Infectious Diseases
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9380763
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author Aisha Shakoor
Ahmed El-Isa
Elizabeth Kinsella
Ryan Halas
Andrey Leonov
author_facet Aisha Shakoor
Ahmed El-Isa
Elizabeth Kinsella
Ryan Halas
Andrey Leonov
author_sort Aisha Shakoor
collection DOAJ
description Infective endocarditis (IE) results from bacterial or fungal infection and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Several known risk factors exist for endocarditis, and 90% of pediatric cases have an underlying structural or congenital heart disease or prosthetic heart valve. Literature on IE in previously healthy children is relatively sparse, and the pathogenesis and underlying risk factors remain mostly unknown. Our patient was a 3-year-old male with a unique presentation of IE. His lack of structural and congenital risk factors for endocarditis prompted further workup, and labs were consistent with insufficient immunoglobulin, suggesting a primary immunodeficiency (PAD). PAD presents as heightened susceptibility to infections, commonly seen as recurrent pneumonia, meningitis, septic arthritis, and otitis media. Pediatric patients commonly have infections, yet as many as in 1 in 2000 patients have PAD. Our case emphasizes the potential need for further investigation into PAD in a young patient with no known risk factors who develops an uncommon infection such as IE.
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spelling doaj-art-2d28befa3c134beaab03de166c764b9a2025-08-20T02:24:14ZengWileyCase Reports in Infectious Diseases2090-66252090-66332018-01-01201810.1155/2018/93807639380763Uncommon Infections in Children Suggest Underlying Immunodeficiency: A Case of Infective Endocarditis in a 3-Year-Old MaleAisha Shakoor0Ahmed El-Isa1Elizabeth Kinsella2Ryan Halas3Andrey Leonov4Department of Family Medicine, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, USADepartment of Pediatrics, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, USAWestern Michigan University Homer Stryker School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, USADepartment of Internal and Pediatric Medicine, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, USADepartment of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, USAInfective endocarditis (IE) results from bacterial or fungal infection and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Several known risk factors exist for endocarditis, and 90% of pediatric cases have an underlying structural or congenital heart disease or prosthetic heart valve. Literature on IE in previously healthy children is relatively sparse, and the pathogenesis and underlying risk factors remain mostly unknown. Our patient was a 3-year-old male with a unique presentation of IE. His lack of structural and congenital risk factors for endocarditis prompted further workup, and labs were consistent with insufficient immunoglobulin, suggesting a primary immunodeficiency (PAD). PAD presents as heightened susceptibility to infections, commonly seen as recurrent pneumonia, meningitis, septic arthritis, and otitis media. Pediatric patients commonly have infections, yet as many as in 1 in 2000 patients have PAD. Our case emphasizes the potential need for further investigation into PAD in a young patient with no known risk factors who develops an uncommon infection such as IE.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9380763
spellingShingle Aisha Shakoor
Ahmed El-Isa
Elizabeth Kinsella
Ryan Halas
Andrey Leonov
Uncommon Infections in Children Suggest Underlying Immunodeficiency: A Case of Infective Endocarditis in a 3-Year-Old Male
Case Reports in Infectious Diseases
title Uncommon Infections in Children Suggest Underlying Immunodeficiency: A Case of Infective Endocarditis in a 3-Year-Old Male
title_full Uncommon Infections in Children Suggest Underlying Immunodeficiency: A Case of Infective Endocarditis in a 3-Year-Old Male
title_fullStr Uncommon Infections in Children Suggest Underlying Immunodeficiency: A Case of Infective Endocarditis in a 3-Year-Old Male
title_full_unstemmed Uncommon Infections in Children Suggest Underlying Immunodeficiency: A Case of Infective Endocarditis in a 3-Year-Old Male
title_short Uncommon Infections in Children Suggest Underlying Immunodeficiency: A Case of Infective Endocarditis in a 3-Year-Old Male
title_sort uncommon infections in children suggest underlying immunodeficiency a case of infective endocarditis in a 3 year old male
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9380763
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