Age-related differences in the relationship between confidence and false memory in a mnemonic discrimination task
Abstract In addition to episodic memory loss there is an increase in false remembering in ageing especially when the discrimination between studied and new items is difficult in a recognition memory task. The aim of this study was to identify the underlying psychological mechanisms of this behavior,...
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Nature Portfolio
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-82292-z |
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| author | Ágnes Szőllősi Dorottya Bencze Soma Zsebi Eszter Juhász Mihály Racsmány |
| author_facet | Ágnes Szőllősi Dorottya Bencze Soma Zsebi Eszter Juhász Mihály Racsmány |
| author_sort | Ágnes Szőllősi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract In addition to episodic memory loss there is an increase in false remembering in ageing especially when the discrimination between studied and new items is difficult in a recognition memory task. The aim of this study was to identify the underlying psychological mechanisms of this behavior, specifically, the possible role of false recollection. We used the Mnemonic Similarity Task, a widely used task in neuroscience research developed to assess the behavioral manifestation of hippocampal computations, pattern separation and pattern completion. First, older and young adults (n = 39 and 44, respectively) were presented with images of everyday objects. Then, on a surprise recognition test, they saw old (studied) and new (non-studied) items as well as visually similar lures of the images seen in the study phase. Instead of using the original Old/New test format, we asked participants to make confidence judgments. Our response frequency and ROC (receiver operating characteristics) analyses revealed overconfidence in false memories for the lures in the group of older adults suggesting false recollection. Such overconfidence was not observed for the completely new stimuli. Our results imply that older adults tend not to acknowledge some memory problems as a consequence of very high confidence in false memories. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2cf3e2a53789432eafa85b03465378fc |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-2cf3e2a53789432eafa85b03465378fc2025-08-20T02:56:08ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-03-011511910.1038/s41598-024-82292-zAge-related differences in the relationship between confidence and false memory in a mnemonic discrimination taskÁgnes Szőllősi0Dorottya Bencze1Soma Zsebi2Eszter Juhász3Mihály Racsmány4Institute of Psychology, University of SzegedInstitute of Psychology, University of SzegedDoctoral School of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd UniversityInstitute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural SciencesInstitute of Psychology, University of SzegedAbstract In addition to episodic memory loss there is an increase in false remembering in ageing especially when the discrimination between studied and new items is difficult in a recognition memory task. The aim of this study was to identify the underlying psychological mechanisms of this behavior, specifically, the possible role of false recollection. We used the Mnemonic Similarity Task, a widely used task in neuroscience research developed to assess the behavioral manifestation of hippocampal computations, pattern separation and pattern completion. First, older and young adults (n = 39 and 44, respectively) were presented with images of everyday objects. Then, on a surprise recognition test, they saw old (studied) and new (non-studied) items as well as visually similar lures of the images seen in the study phase. Instead of using the original Old/New test format, we asked participants to make confidence judgments. Our response frequency and ROC (receiver operating characteristics) analyses revealed overconfidence in false memories for the lures in the group of older adults suggesting false recollection. Such overconfidence was not observed for the completely new stimuli. Our results imply that older adults tend not to acknowledge some memory problems as a consequence of very high confidence in false memories.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-82292-zFalse memoryAgeingRecollectionMnemonic discriminationMetamemory |
| spellingShingle | Ágnes Szőllősi Dorottya Bencze Soma Zsebi Eszter Juhász Mihály Racsmány Age-related differences in the relationship between confidence and false memory in a mnemonic discrimination task Scientific Reports False memory Ageing Recollection Mnemonic discrimination Metamemory |
| title | Age-related differences in the relationship between confidence and false memory in a mnemonic discrimination task |
| title_full | Age-related differences in the relationship between confidence and false memory in a mnemonic discrimination task |
| title_fullStr | Age-related differences in the relationship between confidence and false memory in a mnemonic discrimination task |
| title_full_unstemmed | Age-related differences in the relationship between confidence and false memory in a mnemonic discrimination task |
| title_short | Age-related differences in the relationship between confidence and false memory in a mnemonic discrimination task |
| title_sort | age related differences in the relationship between confidence and false memory in a mnemonic discrimination task |
| topic | False memory Ageing Recollection Mnemonic discrimination Metamemory |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-82292-z |
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