Examination of Chronic Sorrow Among Parents of Children With Disabilities: Cross-Sectional Study
Abstract BackgroundParents of children with disabilities face many challenges when providing care, along with persistent worry and fear about the child’s health outcomes and the impact of the disability on their lives. These parents experience stressful situations and face man...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
JMIR Publications
2025-07-01
|
| Series: | JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting |
| Online Access: | https://pediatrics.jmir.org/2025/1/e65754 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849703056584736768 |
|---|---|
| author | Samaa Al Anazi Naseem Alhujaili Dina Sinqali Ftoon Al Heej Lojain Al Somali Samaher Khayat Talah Ramboo |
| author_facet | Samaa Al Anazi Naseem Alhujaili Dina Sinqali Ftoon Al Heej Lojain Al Somali Samaher Khayat Talah Ramboo |
| author_sort | Samaa Al Anazi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
Abstract
BackgroundParents of children with disabilities face many challenges when providing care, along with persistent worry and fear about the child’s health outcomes and the impact of the disability on their lives. These parents experience stressful situations and face many emotions, one of which is chronic sorrow (CS). Therefore, the theory of CS was introduced to examine and measure feelings of CS among parents. Little research has been conducted with Saudi parents with a child with disabilities and the utilization of CS theory in this population is limited.
ObjectiveThis study aims to examine the application of CS theory on parents of children with disabilities in Saudi Arabia.
MethodsA cross-sectional design was used to obtain data from 89 participants who are parents of children with disabilities. A web-based questionnaire was distributed to measure CS.
ResultsThe study examined the concepts within CS theory. The concept of loss experience yielded a moderately high score (mean 3.3, SD 1.10); of all the variables measuring loss experience, parents scored high in feeling sad when thinking about their child’s disability (mean 3.9, SD 1.24). Parents also reported a moderately high score (mean 3.3, SD 1.06) for the concept of disparity, specifically when their child does not meet the same developmental milestones as their peers (mean 3.8, SD 1.30). Feelings of CS also displayed a moderately high score (mean 3, SD 0.87), with the periodic nature of CS scoring the highest within the concept of CS (mean 3.6, SD 1.16). In addition, internal and external management methods that parents believe are effective were examined. Internal management of CS was believed to be of high importance (mean 4.6, SD 0.33), specifically the belief of fatalism (mean 4.8, SD 0.50). Parents also viewed external management as important in navigating their emotions (mean 4.5, SD 0.42), specifically social support from family and the community (mean 4.7, SD 0.55). This study identified strong positive relationships between sorrow and loss experience and disparity (both rPrP
ConclusionsThis study applied the theory of CS to the parents of children with disabilities and they reported feelings of loss, disparity, and CS. Therefore, this population should be screened and provided with parental emotional care. Interventions to enhance parental mental health and well-being and support CS management should be developed and used by health care workers. Parental acceptance of their child’s disability does not mean the absence of CS, as it is part of the normal grieving process. Anticipating CS triggers and applying internal and external management are essential to improving parental mental health and child health outcomes. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2cd30e2d1f0146a59d4f91edfb32a3c5 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2561-6722 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | JMIR Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting |
| spelling | doaj-art-2cd30e2d1f0146a59d4f91edfb32a3c52025-08-20T03:17:25ZengJMIR PublicationsJMIR Pediatrics and Parenting2561-67222025-07-018e65754e6575410.2196/65754Examination of Chronic Sorrow Among Parents of Children With Disabilities: Cross-Sectional StudySamaa Al Anazihttp://orcid.org/0009-0004-2002-6918Naseem Alhujailihttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-7131-4811Dina Sinqalihttp://orcid.org/0009-0008-1018-0507Ftoon Al Heejhttp://orcid.org/0009-0007-6007-4019Lojain Al Somalihttp://orcid.org/0009-0002-2738-8386Samaher Khayathttp://orcid.org/0009-0001-8512-5974Talah Ramboohttp://orcid.org/0009-0001-4848-5954 Abstract BackgroundParents of children with disabilities face many challenges when providing care, along with persistent worry and fear about the child’s health outcomes and the impact of the disability on their lives. These parents experience stressful situations and face many emotions, one of which is chronic sorrow (CS). Therefore, the theory of CS was introduced to examine and measure feelings of CS among parents. Little research has been conducted with Saudi parents with a child with disabilities and the utilization of CS theory in this population is limited. ObjectiveThis study aims to examine the application of CS theory on parents of children with disabilities in Saudi Arabia. MethodsA cross-sectional design was used to obtain data from 89 participants who are parents of children with disabilities. A web-based questionnaire was distributed to measure CS. ResultsThe study examined the concepts within CS theory. The concept of loss experience yielded a moderately high score (mean 3.3, SD 1.10); of all the variables measuring loss experience, parents scored high in feeling sad when thinking about their child’s disability (mean 3.9, SD 1.24). Parents also reported a moderately high score (mean 3.3, SD 1.06) for the concept of disparity, specifically when their child does not meet the same developmental milestones as their peers (mean 3.8, SD 1.30). Feelings of CS also displayed a moderately high score (mean 3, SD 0.87), with the periodic nature of CS scoring the highest within the concept of CS (mean 3.6, SD 1.16). In addition, internal and external management methods that parents believe are effective were examined. Internal management of CS was believed to be of high importance (mean 4.6, SD 0.33), specifically the belief of fatalism (mean 4.8, SD 0.50). Parents also viewed external management as important in navigating their emotions (mean 4.5, SD 0.42), specifically social support from family and the community (mean 4.7, SD 0.55). This study identified strong positive relationships between sorrow and loss experience and disparity (both rPrP ConclusionsThis study applied the theory of CS to the parents of children with disabilities and they reported feelings of loss, disparity, and CS. Therefore, this population should be screened and provided with parental emotional care. Interventions to enhance parental mental health and well-being and support CS management should be developed and used by health care workers. Parental acceptance of their child’s disability does not mean the absence of CS, as it is part of the normal grieving process. Anticipating CS triggers and applying internal and external management are essential to improving parental mental health and child health outcomes.https://pediatrics.jmir.org/2025/1/e65754 |
| spellingShingle | Samaa Al Anazi Naseem Alhujaili Dina Sinqali Ftoon Al Heej Lojain Al Somali Samaher Khayat Talah Ramboo Examination of Chronic Sorrow Among Parents of Children With Disabilities: Cross-Sectional Study JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting |
| title | Examination of Chronic Sorrow Among Parents of Children With Disabilities: Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_full | Examination of Chronic Sorrow Among Parents of Children With Disabilities: Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_fullStr | Examination of Chronic Sorrow Among Parents of Children With Disabilities: Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Examination of Chronic Sorrow Among Parents of Children With Disabilities: Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_short | Examination of Chronic Sorrow Among Parents of Children With Disabilities: Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_sort | examination of chronic sorrow among parents of children with disabilities cross sectional study |
| url | https://pediatrics.jmir.org/2025/1/e65754 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT samaaalanazi examinationofchronicsorrowamongparentsofchildrenwithdisabilitiescrosssectionalstudy AT naseemalhujaili examinationofchronicsorrowamongparentsofchildrenwithdisabilitiescrosssectionalstudy AT dinasinqali examinationofchronicsorrowamongparentsofchildrenwithdisabilitiescrosssectionalstudy AT ftoonalheej examinationofchronicsorrowamongparentsofchildrenwithdisabilitiescrosssectionalstudy AT lojainalsomali examinationofchronicsorrowamongparentsofchildrenwithdisabilitiescrosssectionalstudy AT samaherkhayat examinationofchronicsorrowamongparentsofchildrenwithdisabilitiescrosssectionalstudy AT talahramboo examinationofchronicsorrowamongparentsofchildrenwithdisabilitiescrosssectionalstudy |