Step towards a general bankruptcy prediction model for listed non-financial firms: The use of accounting, market, and macroeconomic variables

The purpose of this research is to move a step forward toward developing a bankruptcy model that provides globally relevant predictors for firms listed on stock exchanges across different economies. This study has developed a general bankruptcy model including accounting, market and macroeconomic va...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Muhammad Saad, Rana Yassir Hussain, Hira Irshad
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan 2025-08-01
Series:Studia Historiae Oeconomicae
Subjects:
Online Access:https://pressto.amu.edu.pl/index.php/sho/article/view/49317
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849339126441050112
author Muhammad Saad
Rana Yassir Hussain
Hira Irshad
author_facet Muhammad Saad
Rana Yassir Hussain
Hira Irshad
author_sort Muhammad Saad
collection DOAJ
description The purpose of this research is to move a step forward toward developing a bankruptcy model that provides globally relevant predictors for firms listed on stock exchanges across different economies. This study has developed a general bankruptcy model including accounting, market and macroeconomic variables that are universal and consistent for non-financial firms across the globe. Data for the study was obtained from higher-income upper middle income and lower-middle-income (a total of 18) countries for the period 2001–2017. In the first stage, the predictor variables that affect firms’ bankruptcy are identified. In the second stage, the effect of predictors on the dependent variable is estimated at a time one year (t-1) and two years (t-2) prior to bankruptcy. In this step, logistic regression is used to check the impact of accounting, market and macroeconomic variables on corporate bankruptcy. The study identified that accounting variables: liquidity ratio, profitability ratio, asset turnover ratio and financial leverage ratio are consistent across all the models. In addition, market variables: change in stock return, past excess return and market to book value impact the bankruptcy of firms. The study also found that macroeconomic variables including change in Gross domestic product, change in retail price index, change in real effective exchange rate, change in real interest rate and change in stock market capitalization are significant predictors of bankruptcy. Countrywide bankruptcy prediction models are plentiful and have been used widely in different countries. This study provides predictors of bankruptcy that are consistent during different times period and across different countries.
format Article
id doaj-art-2cd02ded4dc94457b19b94311e56f0ec
institution Kabale University
issn 0081-6485
2353-7515
language English
publishDate 2025-08-01
publisher Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan
record_format Article
series Studia Historiae Oeconomicae
spelling doaj-art-2cd02ded4dc94457b19b94311e56f0ec2025-08-20T03:44:13ZengAdam Mickiewicz University, PoznanStudia Historiae Oeconomicae0081-64852353-75152025-08-0143110.14746/sho.2025.43.1.009Step towards a general bankruptcy prediction model for listed non-financial firms: The use of accounting, market, and macroeconomic variablesMuhammad Saad 0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3050-2250Rana Yassir Hussain1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6951-1322Hira Irshad 2University of Bahrain UE Business School; University of Education LahoreSuperior University The purpose of this research is to move a step forward toward developing a bankruptcy model that provides globally relevant predictors for firms listed on stock exchanges across different economies. This study has developed a general bankruptcy model including accounting, market and macroeconomic variables that are universal and consistent for non-financial firms across the globe. Data for the study was obtained from higher-income upper middle income and lower-middle-income (a total of 18) countries for the period 2001–2017. In the first stage, the predictor variables that affect firms’ bankruptcy are identified. In the second stage, the effect of predictors on the dependent variable is estimated at a time one year (t-1) and two years (t-2) prior to bankruptcy. In this step, logistic regression is used to check the impact of accounting, market and macroeconomic variables on corporate bankruptcy. The study identified that accounting variables: liquidity ratio, profitability ratio, asset turnover ratio and financial leverage ratio are consistent across all the models. In addition, market variables: change in stock return, past excess return and market to book value impact the bankruptcy of firms. The study also found that macroeconomic variables including change in Gross domestic product, change in retail price index, change in real effective exchange rate, change in real interest rate and change in stock market capitalization are significant predictors of bankruptcy. Countrywide bankruptcy prediction models are plentiful and have been used widely in different countries. This study provides predictors of bankruptcy that are consistent during different times period and across different countries.https://pressto.amu.edu.pl/index.php/sho/article/view/49317corporate bankruptcyfinancial distressnon-financial firmsgloballogit regression
spellingShingle Muhammad Saad
Rana Yassir Hussain
Hira Irshad
Step towards a general bankruptcy prediction model for listed non-financial firms: The use of accounting, market, and macroeconomic variables
Studia Historiae Oeconomicae
corporate bankruptcy
financial distress
non-financial firms
global
logit regression
title Step towards a general bankruptcy prediction model for listed non-financial firms: The use of accounting, market, and macroeconomic variables
title_full Step towards a general bankruptcy prediction model for listed non-financial firms: The use of accounting, market, and macroeconomic variables
title_fullStr Step towards a general bankruptcy prediction model for listed non-financial firms: The use of accounting, market, and macroeconomic variables
title_full_unstemmed Step towards a general bankruptcy prediction model for listed non-financial firms: The use of accounting, market, and macroeconomic variables
title_short Step towards a general bankruptcy prediction model for listed non-financial firms: The use of accounting, market, and macroeconomic variables
title_sort step towards a general bankruptcy prediction model for listed non financial firms the use of accounting market and macroeconomic variables
topic corporate bankruptcy
financial distress
non-financial firms
global
logit regression
url https://pressto.amu.edu.pl/index.php/sho/article/view/49317
work_keys_str_mv AT muhammadsaad steptowardsageneralbankruptcypredictionmodelforlistednonfinancialfirmstheuseofaccountingmarketandmacroeconomicvariables
AT ranayassirhussain steptowardsageneralbankruptcypredictionmodelforlistednonfinancialfirmstheuseofaccountingmarketandmacroeconomicvariables
AT hirairshad steptowardsageneralbankruptcypredictionmodelforlistednonfinancialfirmstheuseofaccountingmarketandmacroeconomicvariables