Trends and influencing factors of self-management in patients with chronic heart failure: a longitudinal study
Abstract Background Good self-management behaviors can improve the physical function and quality of life of patients with heart failure and reduce hospitalization, mortality, and medical expenses. While the overall self-management level among patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) in China is low...
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BMC
2025-04-01
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| Series: | BMC Geriatrics |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-025-05959-w |
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| author | Wen Ding Jingyu Lu Fei Wang Ling Bai Juan Liu Ru Wang |
| author_facet | Wen Ding Jingyu Lu Fei Wang Ling Bai Juan Liu Ru Wang |
| author_sort | Wen Ding |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Good self-management behaviors can improve the physical function and quality of life of patients with heart failure and reduce hospitalization, mortality, and medical expenses. While the overall self-management level among patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) in China is low, previous studies have often used a cross-sectional design, and few have followed up on patients’ self-management beyond 6 months after discharge. This study aimed to explore the factors influencing and the changes in the self-management level of patients with CHF and provide a basis for the timing and choice of interventions within 1 year after discharge. Methods A longitudinal study was conducted from December 2021 to June 2022, including patients with CHF who met all the inclusion criteria. Data on demographics, disease-related details, social support, self-efficacy, and other information were collected during hospitalization (T0) and reevaluated at 1 month (T1), 3 months (T2), 6 months (T3), and 12 months (T4) after discharge. Results A total of 213 patients were enrolled at T0, with 206, 201, 189, and 173 patients completing follow-up at T1, T2, T3, and T4, respectively. The self-management score was lowest at T0, highest at T1, began to decline at T2, and stabilized at T3; however, T3 remained higher than T0. Social support, self-efficacy, disease course, medication type, education level, and personal monthly income were identified as factors influencing self-management. Conclusions The study findings indicate that self-management is a dynamic process of change. The level of self-management was at a high level 3 months after the patients were discharged from the hospital, but showed a decreasing trend from 6 months, which was related to numerous factors. This study helps to provide a theoretical basis for the timing and content of self-management intervention for patients with CHF by clinical healthcare professionals. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | OA Journals |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | BMC Geriatrics |
| spelling | doaj-art-2cc112d0e8be4079a1265464ada29f672025-08-20T01:47:32ZengBMCBMC Geriatrics1471-23182025-04-0125111210.1186/s12877-025-05959-wTrends and influencing factors of self-management in patients with chronic heart failure: a longitudinal studyWen Ding0Jingyu Lu1Fei Wang2Ling Bai3Juan Liu4Ru Wang5General Hospital of Ningxia Medical UniversityGeneral Hospital of Ningxia Medical UniversityNingxia Medical UniversityGeneral Hospital of Ningxia Medical UniversityGeneral Hospital of Ningxia Medical UniversityGeneral Hospital of Ningxia Medical UniversityAbstract Background Good self-management behaviors can improve the physical function and quality of life of patients with heart failure and reduce hospitalization, mortality, and medical expenses. While the overall self-management level among patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) in China is low, previous studies have often used a cross-sectional design, and few have followed up on patients’ self-management beyond 6 months after discharge. This study aimed to explore the factors influencing and the changes in the self-management level of patients with CHF and provide a basis for the timing and choice of interventions within 1 year after discharge. Methods A longitudinal study was conducted from December 2021 to June 2022, including patients with CHF who met all the inclusion criteria. Data on demographics, disease-related details, social support, self-efficacy, and other information were collected during hospitalization (T0) and reevaluated at 1 month (T1), 3 months (T2), 6 months (T3), and 12 months (T4) after discharge. Results A total of 213 patients were enrolled at T0, with 206, 201, 189, and 173 patients completing follow-up at T1, T2, T3, and T4, respectively. The self-management score was lowest at T0, highest at T1, began to decline at T2, and stabilized at T3; however, T3 remained higher than T0. Social support, self-efficacy, disease course, medication type, education level, and personal monthly income were identified as factors influencing self-management. Conclusions The study findings indicate that self-management is a dynamic process of change. The level of self-management was at a high level 3 months after the patients were discharged from the hospital, but showed a decreasing trend from 6 months, which was related to numerous factors. This study helps to provide a theoretical basis for the timing and content of self-management intervention for patients with CHF by clinical healthcare professionals.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-025-05959-wChronic heart failureSelf-managementLongitudinal studyInfluencing factors |
| spellingShingle | Wen Ding Jingyu Lu Fei Wang Ling Bai Juan Liu Ru Wang Trends and influencing factors of self-management in patients with chronic heart failure: a longitudinal study BMC Geriatrics Chronic heart failure Self-management Longitudinal study Influencing factors |
| title | Trends and influencing factors of self-management in patients with chronic heart failure: a longitudinal study |
| title_full | Trends and influencing factors of self-management in patients with chronic heart failure: a longitudinal study |
| title_fullStr | Trends and influencing factors of self-management in patients with chronic heart failure: a longitudinal study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Trends and influencing factors of self-management in patients with chronic heart failure: a longitudinal study |
| title_short | Trends and influencing factors of self-management in patients with chronic heart failure: a longitudinal study |
| title_sort | trends and influencing factors of self management in patients with chronic heart failure a longitudinal study |
| topic | Chronic heart failure Self-management Longitudinal study Influencing factors |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-025-05959-w |
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