Exoskeletons for the rehabilitation of temporomandibular disorders: a comprehensive review

Despite the many technological advancements in exoskeletons for the rehabilitation of lower or upper limbs, there has been limited exploration of their application in treating temporomandibular disorders, a set of musculoskeletal and neuromuscular conditions affecting the masticatory system. By coll...

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Main Authors: Paul-Otto Müller, Robert Sader, Oskar von Stryk
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-05-01
Series:Frontiers in Robotics and AI
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frobt.2025.1492275/full
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author Paul-Otto Müller
Robert Sader
Oskar von Stryk
author_facet Paul-Otto Müller
Robert Sader
Oskar von Stryk
author_sort Paul-Otto Müller
collection DOAJ
description Despite the many technological advancements in exoskeletons for the rehabilitation of lower or upper limbs, there has been limited exploration of their application in treating temporomandibular disorders, a set of musculoskeletal and neuromuscular conditions affecting the masticatory system. By collecting data, implementing assisting and resisting training routines, and encouraging active patient engagement, exoskeletons could provide controlled and individualized exercise with flexibility in time and location to aid in the recovery or improvement of jaw mobility and function. Thus, they might offer a valuable alternative or complement to conservative physiotherapy. In this context, the review aims to draw attention to rehabilitating temporomandibular disorders with the help of exoskeletons by looking at the advantages and opportunities these devices potentially provide. After stating the requirements and resulting scientific challenges in various fields and discussing the state of the art, existing research gaps and deficiencies will be discussed, highlighting areas where further research and development is needed.
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series Frontiers in Robotics and AI
spelling doaj-art-2cb671ae1fa9486c8b0c1ba3b91c46d82025-08-20T02:13:36ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Robotics and AI2296-91442025-05-011210.3389/frobt.2025.14922751492275Exoskeletons for the rehabilitation of temporomandibular disorders: a comprehensive reviewPaul-Otto Müller0Robert Sader1Oskar von Stryk2Simulations, Systems Optimization and Robotics Group, Department of Computer Science, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, GermanyFrankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine (FORM) Lab, Department of Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, Medical Center of the Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, GermanySimulations, Systems Optimization and Robotics Group, Department of Computer Science, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, GermanyDespite the many technological advancements in exoskeletons for the rehabilitation of lower or upper limbs, there has been limited exploration of their application in treating temporomandibular disorders, a set of musculoskeletal and neuromuscular conditions affecting the masticatory system. By collecting data, implementing assisting and resisting training routines, and encouraging active patient engagement, exoskeletons could provide controlled and individualized exercise with flexibility in time and location to aid in the recovery or improvement of jaw mobility and function. Thus, they might offer a valuable alternative or complement to conservative physiotherapy. In this context, the review aims to draw attention to rehabilitating temporomandibular disorders with the help of exoskeletons by looking at the advantages and opportunities these devices potentially provide. After stating the requirements and resulting scientific challenges in various fields and discussing the state of the art, existing research gaps and deficiencies will be discussed, highlighting areas where further research and development is needed.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frobt.2025.1492275/fullexoskeletonsroboticstemporomandibular disordersTMDrehabilitationphysical therapy
spellingShingle Paul-Otto Müller
Robert Sader
Oskar von Stryk
Exoskeletons for the rehabilitation of temporomandibular disorders: a comprehensive review
Frontiers in Robotics and AI
exoskeletons
robotics
temporomandibular disorders
TMD
rehabilitation
physical therapy
title Exoskeletons for the rehabilitation of temporomandibular disorders: a comprehensive review
title_full Exoskeletons for the rehabilitation of temporomandibular disorders: a comprehensive review
title_fullStr Exoskeletons for the rehabilitation of temporomandibular disorders: a comprehensive review
title_full_unstemmed Exoskeletons for the rehabilitation of temporomandibular disorders: a comprehensive review
title_short Exoskeletons for the rehabilitation of temporomandibular disorders: a comprehensive review
title_sort exoskeletons for the rehabilitation of temporomandibular disorders a comprehensive review
topic exoskeletons
robotics
temporomandibular disorders
TMD
rehabilitation
physical therapy
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frobt.2025.1492275/full
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