Efficacy of Levofloxacin Loaded Nonionic Surfactant Vesicles (Niosomes) in a Model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infected Sprague Dawley Rats
This study examined the effectiveness of niosomes loaded with levofloxacin in treating Pseudomonas aeruginosa (American Type Culture Collection—ATCC 27853) infections in Sprague Dawley rats since these infections are becoming more common and resistant to treatment. Levofloxacin entrapped in niosomes...
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Wiley
2020-01-01
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| Series: | Advances in Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8815969 |
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| author | Satish Jankie Jenelle Johnson Amusa Sarafadeen Adebayo Gopal Krishna Pillai Lexley Maureen Pinto Pereira |
| author_facet | Satish Jankie Jenelle Johnson Amusa Sarafadeen Adebayo Gopal Krishna Pillai Lexley Maureen Pinto Pereira |
| author_sort | Satish Jankie |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study examined the effectiveness of niosomes loaded with levofloxacin in treating Pseudomonas aeruginosa (American Type Culture Collection—ATCC 27853) infections in Sprague Dawley rats since these infections are becoming more common and resistant to treatment. Levofloxacin entrapped in niosomes was prepared using the thin-film hydration method and was assessed for in vitro release and stability. Three groups of six (6) animals were infected with a lethal dose of Pseudomonas aeruginosa via the intraperitoneal (Ip) route. At six (6) hours postinfection, the animals were treated with either drug-free niosomes (control), free levofloxacin (conventional), or levofloxacin trapped in niosomes (Ip) at a dose of 7.5 mg/kg/once daily. Blood was collected via tail snips on days 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 for complete blood counts and viable bacterial counts (CFU/μl). At day 10, the animals were sacrificed, and the kidney, liver, and spleen were harvested for bacterial counts. The niosomes showed a sustained drug release profile and were most stable at 4°C. All animals in the control group succumbed to the infection; one animal from the conventional group died, and all niosome treated animals survived at day 10. The mean lymphocyte count (×109) was lower for the niosome (7.258 ± 1.773) versus conventional group (17.684 ± 10.008) (p<0.03) at day ten (10). Neutrophil counts (×109) were lower for the niosome (2.563 ± 1.609) versus conventional (6.2 ± 6.548) (p<0.02) groups. Though CFUs in the bloodstream were comparable for both treatment groups, the niosome treated group showed a significant reduction of CFUs in the liver, kidney, and spleen versus the conventional group (1.33 ± 2.074) vs (5.8 ± 3.74) (p<0.043), (1.5 ± 2.35) vs (9.6 ± 8.65) (p<0.038) and (3.8 4.71) vs (25.6 14.66) (p<0.007), respectively. These findings indicate that niosome is promising as a drug delivery system in treating systemic infections, but further work using niosomes with surface modification is recommended. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2c9ac781fcd44e4cb87ca23629e0201c |
| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-2c9ac781fcd44e4cb87ca23629e0201c2025-08-20T03:55:00ZengWileyAdvances in Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences2633-46902020-01-01202010.1155/2020/88159698815969Efficacy of Levofloxacin Loaded Nonionic Surfactant Vesicles (Niosomes) in a Model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infected Sprague Dawley RatsSatish Jankie0Jenelle Johnson1Amusa Sarafadeen Adebayo2Gopal Krishna Pillai3Lexley Maureen Pinto Pereira4School of Pharmacy, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and TobagoSchool of Veterinary Medicine, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and TobagoCollege of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sullivan University, Louisville, KY 40205, USACollege of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sullivan University, Louisville, KY 40205, USADepartment of Paraclinical Sciences, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and TobagoThis study examined the effectiveness of niosomes loaded with levofloxacin in treating Pseudomonas aeruginosa (American Type Culture Collection—ATCC 27853) infections in Sprague Dawley rats since these infections are becoming more common and resistant to treatment. Levofloxacin entrapped in niosomes was prepared using the thin-film hydration method and was assessed for in vitro release and stability. Three groups of six (6) animals were infected with a lethal dose of Pseudomonas aeruginosa via the intraperitoneal (Ip) route. At six (6) hours postinfection, the animals were treated with either drug-free niosomes (control), free levofloxacin (conventional), or levofloxacin trapped in niosomes (Ip) at a dose of 7.5 mg/kg/once daily. Blood was collected via tail snips on days 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 for complete blood counts and viable bacterial counts (CFU/μl). At day 10, the animals were sacrificed, and the kidney, liver, and spleen were harvested for bacterial counts. The niosomes showed a sustained drug release profile and were most stable at 4°C. All animals in the control group succumbed to the infection; one animal from the conventional group died, and all niosome treated animals survived at day 10. The mean lymphocyte count (×109) was lower for the niosome (7.258 ± 1.773) versus conventional group (17.684 ± 10.008) (p<0.03) at day ten (10). Neutrophil counts (×109) were lower for the niosome (2.563 ± 1.609) versus conventional (6.2 ± 6.548) (p<0.02) groups. Though CFUs in the bloodstream were comparable for both treatment groups, the niosome treated group showed a significant reduction of CFUs in the liver, kidney, and spleen versus the conventional group (1.33 ± 2.074) vs (5.8 ± 3.74) (p<0.043), (1.5 ± 2.35) vs (9.6 ± 8.65) (p<0.038) and (3.8 4.71) vs (25.6 14.66) (p<0.007), respectively. These findings indicate that niosome is promising as a drug delivery system in treating systemic infections, but further work using niosomes with surface modification is recommended.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8815969 |
| spellingShingle | Satish Jankie Jenelle Johnson Amusa Sarafadeen Adebayo Gopal Krishna Pillai Lexley Maureen Pinto Pereira Efficacy of Levofloxacin Loaded Nonionic Surfactant Vesicles (Niosomes) in a Model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infected Sprague Dawley Rats Advances in Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences |
| title | Efficacy of Levofloxacin Loaded Nonionic Surfactant Vesicles (Niosomes) in a Model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infected Sprague Dawley Rats |
| title_full | Efficacy of Levofloxacin Loaded Nonionic Surfactant Vesicles (Niosomes) in a Model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infected Sprague Dawley Rats |
| title_fullStr | Efficacy of Levofloxacin Loaded Nonionic Surfactant Vesicles (Niosomes) in a Model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infected Sprague Dawley Rats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Efficacy of Levofloxacin Loaded Nonionic Surfactant Vesicles (Niosomes) in a Model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infected Sprague Dawley Rats |
| title_short | Efficacy of Levofloxacin Loaded Nonionic Surfactant Vesicles (Niosomes) in a Model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infected Sprague Dawley Rats |
| title_sort | efficacy of levofloxacin loaded nonionic surfactant vesicles niosomes in a model of pseudomonas aeruginosa infected sprague dawley rats |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8815969 |
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