Expansion microscopy in Placozoa: improving resolution and preservation of fragile samples during marine expedition

Placozoa are small disc-shaped animals representing one of the early branching metazoan lineages with only a dozen cell types, fast effector reactions, and complex behaviors. The simplest organization and small cell sizes limit standard microscopy applications. Here, we implement a new methodology a...

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Main Authors: Daria Y. Romanova, Yana A. Frank, Leonid L. Moroz
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-03-01
Series:Frontiers in Marine Science
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2025.1531729/full
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author Daria Y. Romanova
Yana A. Frank
Leonid L. Moroz
Leonid L. Moroz
author_facet Daria Y. Romanova
Yana A. Frank
Leonid L. Moroz
Leonid L. Moroz
author_sort Daria Y. Romanova
collection DOAJ
description Placozoa are small disc-shaped animals representing one of the early branching metazoan lineages with only a dozen cell types, fast effector reactions, and complex behaviors. The simplest organization and small cell sizes limit standard microscopy applications. Here, we implement a new methodology and protocol for expansion microscopy, improving both the resolution and preservation of fragile placozoans and kin. As a result, the proposed approaches can be applicable to a diversity of microscopic animals and their larvae with broad applicability for both laboratory and cross-disciplinary field research during long-term marine expeditions.
format Article
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issn 2296-7745
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publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format Article
series Frontiers in Marine Science
spelling doaj-art-2c935bdda4da4612979bdbae11293c312025-08-20T02:00:51ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Marine Science2296-77452025-03-011210.3389/fmars.2025.15317291531729Expansion microscopy in Placozoa: improving resolution and preservation of fragile samples during marine expeditionDaria Y. Romanova0Yana A. Frank1Leonid L. Moroz2Leonid L. Moroz3Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of RAS, Moscow, RussiaInstitute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of RAS, Moscow, RussiaDepartments of Neuroscience and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United StatesWhitney Laboratory for Marine Biosciences, University of Florida, St. Augustine, FL, United StatesPlacozoa are small disc-shaped animals representing one of the early branching metazoan lineages with only a dozen cell types, fast effector reactions, and complex behaviors. The simplest organization and small cell sizes limit standard microscopy applications. Here, we implement a new methodology and protocol for expansion microscopy, improving both the resolution and preservation of fragile placozoans and kin. As a result, the proposed approaches can be applicable to a diversity of microscopic animals and their larvae with broad applicability for both laboratory and cross-disciplinary field research during long-term marine expeditions.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2025.1531729/fullplacozoactenophoratrichoplaxexpansion microscopymarine biologybiodiversity
spellingShingle Daria Y. Romanova
Yana A. Frank
Leonid L. Moroz
Leonid L. Moroz
Expansion microscopy in Placozoa: improving resolution and preservation of fragile samples during marine expedition
Frontiers in Marine Science
placozoa
ctenophora
trichoplax
expansion microscopy
marine biology
biodiversity
title Expansion microscopy in Placozoa: improving resolution and preservation of fragile samples during marine expedition
title_full Expansion microscopy in Placozoa: improving resolution and preservation of fragile samples during marine expedition
title_fullStr Expansion microscopy in Placozoa: improving resolution and preservation of fragile samples during marine expedition
title_full_unstemmed Expansion microscopy in Placozoa: improving resolution and preservation of fragile samples during marine expedition
title_short Expansion microscopy in Placozoa: improving resolution and preservation of fragile samples during marine expedition
title_sort expansion microscopy in placozoa improving resolution and preservation of fragile samples during marine expedition
topic placozoa
ctenophora
trichoplax
expansion microscopy
marine biology
biodiversity
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2025.1531729/full
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AT yanaafrank expansionmicroscopyinplacozoaimprovingresolutionandpreservationoffragilesamplesduringmarineexpedition
AT leonidlmoroz expansionmicroscopyinplacozoaimprovingresolutionandpreservationoffragilesamplesduringmarineexpedition
AT leonidlmoroz expansionmicroscopyinplacozoaimprovingresolutionandpreservationoffragilesamplesduringmarineexpedition