Association between dietary intake of carotenoids and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in US adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017–March 2020

Abstract Objective: To assess the relationship between dietary intake of α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene and lutein+zeaxanthin (LZ) and occurrence of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). Design: Cross-sectional study design. The MAFLD diagnosis was base...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jiahui Yu, Peisen Guo
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Cambridge University Press 2024-01-01
Series:Public Health Nutrition
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S1368980024001502/type/journal_article
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850265049132695552
author Jiahui Yu
Peisen Guo
author_facet Jiahui Yu
Peisen Guo
author_sort Jiahui Yu
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Objective: To assess the relationship between dietary intake of α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene and lutein+zeaxanthin (LZ) and occurrence of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). Design: Cross-sectional study design. The MAFLD diagnosis was based on hepatic steatosis and metabolic dysregulation. Carotenoid intake was adjusted for using an energy-adjusted model. Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analyses were used to assess the relationships, with sensitivity analysis to validate the findings. Weighted quantile sum regression (WQS) was used to explore the combined effect of these carotenoids on MAFLD. Subgroup analyses were conducted to identify population-specific associations. Setting: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017–March 2020. Participants: This study included 5098 individuals aged 18 years and older. Results: After adjusting for potential confounders, a weak inverse association was observed between α-carotene and β-carotene intakes and MAFLD occurrence (all P value <0·05). The highest quartile of β-carotene intake showed a significantly lower occurrence of MAFLD compared with the lowest quartile (OR = 0·65; 95 % CI: 0·44, 0·97). RCS analysis showed that a significantly lower occurrence of MAFLD was associated with a higher intake of the four carotenoids, excluding lycopene. Furthermore, the WQS analysis revealed a negative relationship between combined carotenoid intake and MAFLD occurrence (OR = 0·95, 95 % CI: 0·90, 1·00, P = 0·037). Subgroup analyses showed dietary carotenoid intake was associated with reduced MAFLD occurrence in populations aged 50–69 years, females, physically active individuals and non-drinkers. Conclusion: Higher dietary intake of carotenoids is associated with lower MAFLD occurrence. However, this relationship varies among individuals of different ages, sexes and lifestyles.
format Article
id doaj-art-2c68d78015094e3a8fe5da8d32e1f952
institution OA Journals
issn 1368-9800
1475-2727
language English
publishDate 2024-01-01
publisher Cambridge University Press
record_format Article
series Public Health Nutrition
spelling doaj-art-2c68d78015094e3a8fe5da8d32e1f9522025-08-20T01:54:33ZengCambridge University PressPublic Health Nutrition1368-98001475-27272024-01-012710.1017/S1368980024001502Association between dietary intake of carotenoids and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in US adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017–March 2020Jiahui Yu0Peisen Guo1The Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu/The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of ChinaThe Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu/The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China Abstract Objective: To assess the relationship between dietary intake of α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene and lutein+zeaxanthin (LZ) and occurrence of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). Design: Cross-sectional study design. The MAFLD diagnosis was based on hepatic steatosis and metabolic dysregulation. Carotenoid intake was adjusted for using an energy-adjusted model. Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analyses were used to assess the relationships, with sensitivity analysis to validate the findings. Weighted quantile sum regression (WQS) was used to explore the combined effect of these carotenoids on MAFLD. Subgroup analyses were conducted to identify population-specific associations. Setting: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017–March 2020. Participants: This study included 5098 individuals aged 18 years and older. Results: After adjusting for potential confounders, a weak inverse association was observed between α-carotene and β-carotene intakes and MAFLD occurrence (all P value <0·05). The highest quartile of β-carotene intake showed a significantly lower occurrence of MAFLD compared with the lowest quartile (OR = 0·65; 95 % CI: 0·44, 0·97). RCS analysis showed that a significantly lower occurrence of MAFLD was associated with a higher intake of the four carotenoids, excluding lycopene. Furthermore, the WQS analysis revealed a negative relationship between combined carotenoid intake and MAFLD occurrence (OR = 0·95, 95 % CI: 0·90, 1·00, P = 0·037). Subgroup analyses showed dietary carotenoid intake was associated with reduced MAFLD occurrence in populations aged 50–69 years, females, physically active individuals and non-drinkers. Conclusion: Higher dietary intake of carotenoids is associated with lower MAFLD occurrence. However, this relationship varies among individuals of different ages, sexes and lifestyles. https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S1368980024001502/type/journal_articleDietary intakeCarotenoidsMetabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver diseaseNational Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
spellingShingle Jiahui Yu
Peisen Guo
Association between dietary intake of carotenoids and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in US adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017–March 2020
Public Health Nutrition
Dietary intake
Carotenoids
Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
title Association between dietary intake of carotenoids and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in US adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017–March 2020
title_full Association between dietary intake of carotenoids and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in US adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017–March 2020
title_fullStr Association between dietary intake of carotenoids and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in US adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017–March 2020
title_full_unstemmed Association between dietary intake of carotenoids and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in US adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017–March 2020
title_short Association between dietary intake of carotenoids and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in US adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017–March 2020
title_sort association between dietary intake of carotenoids and metabolic dysfunction associated fatty liver disease in us adults national health and nutrition examination survey 2017 march 2020
topic Dietary intake
Carotenoids
Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
url https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S1368980024001502/type/journal_article
work_keys_str_mv AT jiahuiyu associationbetweendietaryintakeofcarotenoidsandmetabolicdysfunctionassociatedfattyliverdiseaseinusadultsnationalhealthandnutritionexaminationsurvey2017march2020
AT peisenguo associationbetweendietaryintakeofcarotenoidsandmetabolicdysfunctionassociatedfattyliverdiseaseinusadultsnationalhealthandnutritionexaminationsurvey2017march2020