Effects of disbudding on behavior and heart rate during jugular venipuncture in dairy calves

Disbudding is a common painful procedure that alters physiological and behavioral responses in calves. Other routine management procedures are commonly performed on calves while these disbudding wounds are healing, such as vaccine injections, jugular venipuncture to check for passive immunity, and e...

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Main Authors: Alycia M. Drwencke, Haley Garcia, Sarah J.J. Adcock, Cassandra B. Tucker
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-03-01
Series:JDS Communications
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666910224001832
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author Alycia M. Drwencke
Haley Garcia
Sarah J.J. Adcock
Cassandra B. Tucker
author_facet Alycia M. Drwencke
Haley Garcia
Sarah J.J. Adcock
Cassandra B. Tucker
author_sort Alycia M. Drwencke
collection DOAJ
description Disbudding is a common painful procedure that alters physiological and behavioral responses in calves. Other routine management procedures are commonly performed on calves while these disbudding wounds are healing, such as vaccine injections, jugular venipuncture to check for passive immunity, and ear tagging. Although disbudding is known to cause long-lasting pain, the effects of an additional invasive procedure on calf behavior and heart rate when wounds are present are understudied. To evaluate the effects of multiple, consecutive routine management procedures, we tested whether calves were more reactive to handling and a jugular venipuncture that occurred 3 d after caustic paste disbudding compared with those that were not disbudded. We assigned 26 heifers to 2 treatments at 3 d of age: sham handling (n = 13) or caustic paste disbudding (n = 13). Three days after paste was applied, heart rate and 3 behaviors (hindleg lifts, foreleg lifts, struggling) were observed while the calves were restrained and a jugular venipuncture was performed. Disbudded calves performed more hindleg lifts during the venipuncture than non-disbudded calves (mean ± SE: paste = 7.5 ± 1.1; control = 4.1 ± 0.6 lifts/min), although we found no evidence of a significant difference in average heart rate (mean ± SE: paste = 142 ± 4; control = 148 ± 7 beats/min), foreleg lifts (mean ± SE: paste = 3.3 ± 0.4; control = 2.9 ± 0.5 lifts/min), or struggling (mean ± SE: paste = 0.03 ± 0.01; control = 0.03 ± 0.01 proportion of handling time). However, foreleg lifts and struggling were likely hindered by the restraint used. Similarly, heart rate may have reached a ceiling effect associated with the stress of handling. The difference in hindleg lifts provides preliminary evidence that disbudded calves are more responsive to the combination of handling and jugular venipuncture 3 d later than non-disbudded controls.
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spelling doaj-art-2c5febc5e6e746fb867010c1dff7ebd02025-08-20T02:00:56ZengElsevierJDS Communications2666-91022025-03-016224524910.3168/jdsc.2024-0655Effects of disbudding on behavior and heart rate during jugular venipuncture in dairy calvesAlycia M. Drwencke0Haley Garcia1Sarah J.J. Adcock2Cassandra B. Tucker3Center for Animal Welfare, Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616; Animal Behavior Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616Center for Animal Welfare, Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706Center for Animal Welfare, Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616; Corresponding authorDisbudding is a common painful procedure that alters physiological and behavioral responses in calves. Other routine management procedures are commonly performed on calves while these disbudding wounds are healing, such as vaccine injections, jugular venipuncture to check for passive immunity, and ear tagging. Although disbudding is known to cause long-lasting pain, the effects of an additional invasive procedure on calf behavior and heart rate when wounds are present are understudied. To evaluate the effects of multiple, consecutive routine management procedures, we tested whether calves were more reactive to handling and a jugular venipuncture that occurred 3 d after caustic paste disbudding compared with those that were not disbudded. We assigned 26 heifers to 2 treatments at 3 d of age: sham handling (n = 13) or caustic paste disbudding (n = 13). Three days after paste was applied, heart rate and 3 behaviors (hindleg lifts, foreleg lifts, struggling) were observed while the calves were restrained and a jugular venipuncture was performed. Disbudded calves performed more hindleg lifts during the venipuncture than non-disbudded calves (mean ± SE: paste = 7.5 ± 1.1; control = 4.1 ± 0.6 lifts/min), although we found no evidence of a significant difference in average heart rate (mean ± SE: paste = 142 ± 4; control = 148 ± 7 beats/min), foreleg lifts (mean ± SE: paste = 3.3 ± 0.4; control = 2.9 ± 0.5 lifts/min), or struggling (mean ± SE: paste = 0.03 ± 0.01; control = 0.03 ± 0.01 proportion of handling time). However, foreleg lifts and struggling were likely hindered by the restraint used. Similarly, heart rate may have reached a ceiling effect associated with the stress of handling. The difference in hindleg lifts provides preliminary evidence that disbudded calves are more responsive to the combination of handling and jugular venipuncture 3 d later than non-disbudded controls.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666910224001832
spellingShingle Alycia M. Drwencke
Haley Garcia
Sarah J.J. Adcock
Cassandra B. Tucker
Effects of disbudding on behavior and heart rate during jugular venipuncture in dairy calves
JDS Communications
title Effects of disbudding on behavior and heart rate during jugular venipuncture in dairy calves
title_full Effects of disbudding on behavior and heart rate during jugular venipuncture in dairy calves
title_fullStr Effects of disbudding on behavior and heart rate during jugular venipuncture in dairy calves
title_full_unstemmed Effects of disbudding on behavior and heart rate during jugular venipuncture in dairy calves
title_short Effects of disbudding on behavior and heart rate during jugular venipuncture in dairy calves
title_sort effects of disbudding on behavior and heart rate during jugular venipuncture in dairy calves
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666910224001832
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