Implementing WHO guidance on conducting and analysing vaccination coverage cluster surveys: Two examples from Nigeria.
In 2015, the World Health Organization substantially revised its guidance for vaccination coverage cluster surveys (revisions were finalized in 2018) and has since developed a set of accompanying resources, including definitions for standardized coverage indicators and software (named the Vaccinatio...
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2021-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0247415&type=printable |
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| author | John Ndegwa Wagai Dale Rhoda Mary Prier Mary Kay Trimmer Caitlin B Clary Joseph Oteri Bassey Okposen Adeyemi Adeniran Carolina Danovaro-Holliday Felicity Cutts |
| author_facet | John Ndegwa Wagai Dale Rhoda Mary Prier Mary Kay Trimmer Caitlin B Clary Joseph Oteri Bassey Okposen Adeyemi Adeniran Carolina Danovaro-Holliday Felicity Cutts |
| author_sort | John Ndegwa Wagai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In 2015, the World Health Organization substantially revised its guidance for vaccination coverage cluster surveys (revisions were finalized in 2018) and has since developed a set of accompanying resources, including definitions for standardized coverage indicators and software (named the Vaccination Coverage Quality Indicators-VCQI) to calculate them.-The current WHO vaccination coverage survey manual was used to design and conduct two nationally representative vaccination coverage surveys in Nigeria-one to assess routine immunization and one to measure post-measles campaign coverage. The primary analysis for both surveys was conducted using VCQI. In this paper, we describe those surveys and highlight some of the analyses that are facilitated by the new resources. In addition to calculating coverage of each vaccine-dose by age group, VCQI analyses provide insight into several indicators of program quality such as crude coverage versus valid doses, vaccination timeliness, missed opportunities for simultaneous vaccination, and, where relevant, vaccination campaign coverage stratified by several parameters, including the number of previous doses received. The VCQI software furnishes several helpful ways to visualize survey results. We show that routine coverage of all vaccines is far below targets in Nigeria and especially low in northeast and northwest zones, which also have highest rates of dropout and missed opportunities for vaccination. Coverage in the 2017 measles campaign was higher and showed less geospatial variation than routine coverage. Nonetheless, substantial improvement in both routine program performance and campaign implementation will be needed to achieve disease control goals. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2c4782b722ab42809409938fbecc63fd |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj-art-2c4782b722ab42809409938fbecc63fd2025-08-20T02:31:41ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032021-01-01162e024741510.1371/journal.pone.0247415Implementing WHO guidance on conducting and analysing vaccination coverage cluster surveys: Two examples from Nigeria.John Ndegwa WagaiDale RhodaMary PrierMary Kay TrimmerCaitlin B ClaryJoseph OteriBassey OkposenAdeyemi AdeniranCarolina Danovaro-HollidayFelicity CuttsIn 2015, the World Health Organization substantially revised its guidance for vaccination coverage cluster surveys (revisions were finalized in 2018) and has since developed a set of accompanying resources, including definitions for standardized coverage indicators and software (named the Vaccination Coverage Quality Indicators-VCQI) to calculate them.-The current WHO vaccination coverage survey manual was used to design and conduct two nationally representative vaccination coverage surveys in Nigeria-one to assess routine immunization and one to measure post-measles campaign coverage. The primary analysis for both surveys was conducted using VCQI. In this paper, we describe those surveys and highlight some of the analyses that are facilitated by the new resources. In addition to calculating coverage of each vaccine-dose by age group, VCQI analyses provide insight into several indicators of program quality such as crude coverage versus valid doses, vaccination timeliness, missed opportunities for simultaneous vaccination, and, where relevant, vaccination campaign coverage stratified by several parameters, including the number of previous doses received. The VCQI software furnishes several helpful ways to visualize survey results. We show that routine coverage of all vaccines is far below targets in Nigeria and especially low in northeast and northwest zones, which also have highest rates of dropout and missed opportunities for vaccination. Coverage in the 2017 measles campaign was higher and showed less geospatial variation than routine coverage. Nonetheless, substantial improvement in both routine program performance and campaign implementation will be needed to achieve disease control goals.https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0247415&type=printable |
| spellingShingle | John Ndegwa Wagai Dale Rhoda Mary Prier Mary Kay Trimmer Caitlin B Clary Joseph Oteri Bassey Okposen Adeyemi Adeniran Carolina Danovaro-Holliday Felicity Cutts Implementing WHO guidance on conducting and analysing vaccination coverage cluster surveys: Two examples from Nigeria. PLoS ONE |
| title | Implementing WHO guidance on conducting and analysing vaccination coverage cluster surveys: Two examples from Nigeria. |
| title_full | Implementing WHO guidance on conducting and analysing vaccination coverage cluster surveys: Two examples from Nigeria. |
| title_fullStr | Implementing WHO guidance on conducting and analysing vaccination coverage cluster surveys: Two examples from Nigeria. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Implementing WHO guidance on conducting and analysing vaccination coverage cluster surveys: Two examples from Nigeria. |
| title_short | Implementing WHO guidance on conducting and analysing vaccination coverage cluster surveys: Two examples from Nigeria. |
| title_sort | implementing who guidance on conducting and analysing vaccination coverage cluster surveys two examples from nigeria |
| url | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0247415&type=printable |
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