The Potential for Trypsin Inhibitor Expression in Leaves to Convey Herbivory Deterrence in Soybean
Soybean (<i>Glycine max</i>) is the most widely grown legume crop in the world, providing important economic value. Pest herbivory damage by insects and mammalian wildlife, in particular the white-tailed deer (<i>Odocoileus virginianus</i>), limits yields in soybean. Incorpor...
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MDPI AG
2025-02-01
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| author | Audrey E. Birdwell Sebe A. Brown Gino J. D’Angelo Mitra Mazarei Charles Neal Stewart |
| author_facet | Audrey E. Birdwell Sebe A. Brown Gino J. D’Angelo Mitra Mazarei Charles Neal Stewart |
| author_sort | Audrey E. Birdwell |
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| description | Soybean (<i>Glycine max</i>) is the most widely grown legume crop in the world, providing important economic value. Pest herbivory damage by insects and mammalian wildlife, in particular the white-tailed deer (<i>Odocoileus virginianus</i>), limits yields in soybean. Incorporating trypsin inhibitors (TIs) as plant protectant against herbivory pests has been of interest. We previously showed that the overexpression of soybean TIs in soybean conferred insect deterrence under greenhouse experiments. In this study, we examined the potential of transgenic TI-overexpressing lines in deterring insects under field conditions at Knoxville, Tennessee. Our results indicate that the overexpression of TI could lead to a significant reduction in leaf defoliation of the transgenic compared to non-transgenic lines without negatively impacting plant growth and yield under field conditions. Furthermore, we extended our study by comprehensive evaluation of these transgenic plants against the white-tailed deer herbivory in a separate field setting at Jackson, Tennessee, and with controlled deer feeding experiments. No significant differences in growth characteristics were found between transgenic and non-transgenic lines under field conditions. There were also no significant differences in deer deterrence between transgenic and non-transgenic lines in ambient deer herbivory field or controlled deer feeding trials. Our study provides further insights into more exploration of the role of TI genes in pest control in this economically important crop. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2c45bbd438244b87a189bd8aa1ed983a |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj-art-2c45bbd438244b87a189bd8aa1ed983a2025-08-20T02:44:56ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472025-02-0114461710.3390/plants14040617The Potential for Trypsin Inhibitor Expression in Leaves to Convey Herbivory Deterrence in SoybeanAudrey E. Birdwell0Sebe A. Brown1Gino J. D’Angelo2Mitra Mazarei3Charles Neal Stewart4Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USADepartment of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Tennessee, Jackson, TN 38301, USAWarnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USADepartment of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USADepartment of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USASoybean (<i>Glycine max</i>) is the most widely grown legume crop in the world, providing important economic value. Pest herbivory damage by insects and mammalian wildlife, in particular the white-tailed deer (<i>Odocoileus virginianus</i>), limits yields in soybean. Incorporating trypsin inhibitors (TIs) as plant protectant against herbivory pests has been of interest. We previously showed that the overexpression of soybean TIs in soybean conferred insect deterrence under greenhouse experiments. In this study, we examined the potential of transgenic TI-overexpressing lines in deterring insects under field conditions at Knoxville, Tennessee. Our results indicate that the overexpression of TI could lead to a significant reduction in leaf defoliation of the transgenic compared to non-transgenic lines without negatively impacting plant growth and yield under field conditions. Furthermore, we extended our study by comprehensive evaluation of these transgenic plants against the white-tailed deer herbivory in a separate field setting at Jackson, Tennessee, and with controlled deer feeding experiments. No significant differences in growth characteristics were found between transgenic and non-transgenic lines under field conditions. There were also no significant differences in deer deterrence between transgenic and non-transgenic lines in ambient deer herbivory field or controlled deer feeding trials. Our study provides further insights into more exploration of the role of TI genes in pest control in this economically important crop.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/4/617<i>Glycine max</i>proteinase inhibitorsoverexpressionherbivorous pestsinsectdeer |
| spellingShingle | Audrey E. Birdwell Sebe A. Brown Gino J. D’Angelo Mitra Mazarei Charles Neal Stewart The Potential for Trypsin Inhibitor Expression in Leaves to Convey Herbivory Deterrence in Soybean Plants <i>Glycine max</i> proteinase inhibitors overexpression herbivorous pests insect deer |
| title | The Potential for Trypsin Inhibitor Expression in Leaves to Convey Herbivory Deterrence in Soybean |
| title_full | The Potential for Trypsin Inhibitor Expression in Leaves to Convey Herbivory Deterrence in Soybean |
| title_fullStr | The Potential for Trypsin Inhibitor Expression in Leaves to Convey Herbivory Deterrence in Soybean |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Potential for Trypsin Inhibitor Expression in Leaves to Convey Herbivory Deterrence in Soybean |
| title_short | The Potential for Trypsin Inhibitor Expression in Leaves to Convey Herbivory Deterrence in Soybean |
| title_sort | potential for trypsin inhibitor expression in leaves to convey herbivory deterrence in soybean |
| topic | <i>Glycine max</i> proteinase inhibitors overexpression herbivorous pests insect deer |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/4/617 |
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