Biometric and physiological responses of Virola Surinamensis to cadmium and biochar in amazonian soil
Abstract The intensification of human activity, industrialization and urbanization has increased the risk of pollution due to large quantities of waste rich in heavy metals. Objective of this study was to assess the mitigating effects of biochar derived from açaí seeds on the biometric and physiolog...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-05656-z |
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| author | Dayse Gonzaga Braga Raphael Leone da Cruz Ferreira Camylle Barbosa da Silva Joyce Adriany da Costa Cabral Anne Cristina Barbosa Alves Ana Ecídia de Araújo Brito Vitor Resende do Nascimento Luma Castro de Souza Cândido Ferreira de Oliveira Neto |
| author_facet | Dayse Gonzaga Braga Raphael Leone da Cruz Ferreira Camylle Barbosa da Silva Joyce Adriany da Costa Cabral Anne Cristina Barbosa Alves Ana Ecídia de Araújo Brito Vitor Resende do Nascimento Luma Castro de Souza Cândido Ferreira de Oliveira Neto |
| author_sort | Dayse Gonzaga Braga |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The intensification of human activity, industrialization and urbanization has increased the risk of pollution due to large quantities of waste rich in heavy metals. Objective of this study was to assess the mitigating effects of biochar derived from açaí seeds on the biometric and physiological responses of Virola surinamensis plants grown in soil contaminated with cadmium. Seedlings of V. surinamensis grown in soils contaminated with varying doses of Cd (0, 10, 20, and 30 mg L-1) and different biochar proportions (0%, 5%, and 10%). Statistical analysis was performed using the multivariate exploratory principal components and the F-test, and when significant, the Tukey test was applied, and. At a dose of 10 mg L-1 of Cd, the number of leaves was higher in the absence of biochar; however, this did not differ significantly from the treatment with 5% biochar, which was more effective in maintaining chlorophyll a content in the presence of Cd. Furthermore, for plants exposed to 10 and 20 mg L-1 of Cd, the inclusion of 5% biochar mitigated the toxic effects of the metal, leading to increased rates of photosynthesis. Plants treated with 20 mg L-1 of Cd also presented higher transpiration rates with 5% biochar application. For intercellular CO2 concentrations, soils contaminated with 10 mg L-1 of Cd demonstrated an increase in carbon concentration when treated with biochar. Thus, the addition of 5% biochar was effective in attenuating cadmium toxicity, suggesting its potential as a mitigation strategy for contaminated soils. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2bfdf3897b054989be1ac93c5df0599d |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-2bfdf3897b054989be1ac93c5df0599d2025-08-20T04:01:36ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-07-0115111410.1038/s41598-025-05656-zBiometric and physiological responses of Virola Surinamensis to cadmium and biochar in amazonian soilDayse Gonzaga Braga0Raphael Leone da Cruz Ferreira1Camylle Barbosa da Silva2Joyce Adriany da Costa Cabral3Anne Cristina Barbosa Alves4Ana Ecídia de Araújo Brito5Vitor Resende do Nascimento6Luma Castro de Souza7Cândido Ferreira de Oliveira Neto8Federal University of Pará, Institute of Biological SciencesFederal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of AmapáFederal Rural University of the Amazon, Institute of Agricultural SciencesFederal Rural University of the Amazon, Institute of Agricultural SciencesFederal Rural University of the Amazon, Institute of Agricultural SciencesFederal Rural University of the Amazon, Institute of Agricultural SciencesFederal University of Pará, Institute of Biological SciencesFederal University of Maranhão, Center for Agricultural and Environmental SciencesFederal Rural University of the Amazon, Institute of Agricultural SciencesAbstract The intensification of human activity, industrialization and urbanization has increased the risk of pollution due to large quantities of waste rich in heavy metals. Objective of this study was to assess the mitigating effects of biochar derived from açaí seeds on the biometric and physiological responses of Virola surinamensis plants grown in soil contaminated with cadmium. Seedlings of V. surinamensis grown in soils contaminated with varying doses of Cd (0, 10, 20, and 30 mg L-1) and different biochar proportions (0%, 5%, and 10%). Statistical analysis was performed using the multivariate exploratory principal components and the F-test, and when significant, the Tukey test was applied, and. At a dose of 10 mg L-1 of Cd, the number of leaves was higher in the absence of biochar; however, this did not differ significantly from the treatment with 5% biochar, which was more effective in maintaining chlorophyll a content in the presence of Cd. Furthermore, for plants exposed to 10 and 20 mg L-1 of Cd, the inclusion of 5% biochar mitigated the toxic effects of the metal, leading to increased rates of photosynthesis. Plants treated with 20 mg L-1 of Cd also presented higher transpiration rates with 5% biochar application. For intercellular CO2 concentrations, soils contaminated with 10 mg L-1 of Cd demonstrated an increase in carbon concentration when treated with biochar. Thus, the addition of 5% biochar was effective in attenuating cadmium toxicity, suggesting its potential as a mitigation strategy for contaminated soils.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-05656-zBiocharAmazonian speciesHeavy metalCadmiumGas exchangeUcuúba |
| spellingShingle | Dayse Gonzaga Braga Raphael Leone da Cruz Ferreira Camylle Barbosa da Silva Joyce Adriany da Costa Cabral Anne Cristina Barbosa Alves Ana Ecídia de Araújo Brito Vitor Resende do Nascimento Luma Castro de Souza Cândido Ferreira de Oliveira Neto Biometric and physiological responses of Virola Surinamensis to cadmium and biochar in amazonian soil Scientific Reports Biochar Amazonian species Heavy metal Cadmium Gas exchange Ucuúba |
| title | Biometric and physiological responses of Virola Surinamensis to cadmium and biochar in amazonian soil |
| title_full | Biometric and physiological responses of Virola Surinamensis to cadmium and biochar in amazonian soil |
| title_fullStr | Biometric and physiological responses of Virola Surinamensis to cadmium and biochar in amazonian soil |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biometric and physiological responses of Virola Surinamensis to cadmium and biochar in amazonian soil |
| title_short | Biometric and physiological responses of Virola Surinamensis to cadmium and biochar in amazonian soil |
| title_sort | biometric and physiological responses of virola surinamensis to cadmium and biochar in amazonian soil |
| topic | Biochar Amazonian species Heavy metal Cadmium Gas exchange Ucuúba |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-05656-z |
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