Smartphone Technology to Facilitate Remote Postural Balance Assessment in Acute Concussion Management: Pilot Study

Impaired balance is a key symptom following acute concussion. Unfortunately, the recommended clinical balance assessment lacks sensitivity and discriminative ability, relying on the experience of the clinician for interpretation. The aim of this pilot study is to explore smartphone technology to rem...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Oren Tirosh, Jaymee Klonis, Megan Hamilton, John Olver, Nilmini Wickramasinghe, Dean Mckenzie, Doa El-Ansary, Gavin Williams
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-10-01
Series:Sensors
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/21/6870
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1846173085250617344
author Oren Tirosh
Jaymee Klonis
Megan Hamilton
John Olver
Nilmini Wickramasinghe
Dean Mckenzie
Doa El-Ansary
Gavin Williams
author_facet Oren Tirosh
Jaymee Klonis
Megan Hamilton
John Olver
Nilmini Wickramasinghe
Dean Mckenzie
Doa El-Ansary
Gavin Williams
author_sort Oren Tirosh
collection DOAJ
description Impaired balance is a key symptom following acute concussion. Unfortunately, the recommended clinical balance assessment lacks sensitivity and discriminative ability, relying on the experience of the clinician for interpretation. The aim of this pilot study is to explore smartphone technology to remotely assess balance impairment in people with acute concussion. A smartphone app was developed to allow the clinician to connect remotely using their personal web browser to the participant’s smartphone and collect motion data while instructing the participant to perform the following balance tests: standing on firm and foam surface with eyes opened and closed (FIRMEO, FIRMEC, FOAMEO, and FOAMEC). Outcome measures were processed from the raw acceleration to calculate the average acceleration magnitude from the mean and the root-mean square, with greater values indicating more sway. Eleven healthy controls (HCs) and 11 people with concussion (CON) participated. In all sway measurements, the CON group had significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) greater values when standing on a firm surface. In the FOAMEC condition, the CON group had significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) greater sway measures only in the AP direction, while significantly greater sway in all directions were found in the CON group in the FOAMEO condition. This study shows that remote balance assessment using a smartphone can discriminate between healthy controls and people with acute concussion. This technology could play an important role in concussion management to assist with determining recovery from concussions and the optimal timing for return to sport.
format Article
id doaj-art-2bfbdac90312448fa07ae948786997e1
institution Kabale University
issn 1424-8220
language English
publishDate 2024-10-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Sensors
spelling doaj-art-2bfbdac90312448fa07ae948786997e12024-11-08T14:41:14ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202024-10-012421687010.3390/s24216870Smartphone Technology to Facilitate Remote Postural Balance Assessment in Acute Concussion Management: Pilot StudyOren Tirosh0Jaymee Klonis1Megan Hamilton2John Olver3Nilmini Wickramasinghe4Dean Mckenzie5Doa El-Ansary6Gavin Williams7School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, 225-245 Plenty Rd, Bundoora, VIC 3082, AustraliaEpworth Concussion Clinic, Epworth Hospital, Richmond, VIC 3121, AustraliaEpworth Concussion Clinic, Epworth Hospital, Richmond, VIC 3121, AustraliaEpworth Concussion Clinic, Epworth Hospital, Richmond, VIC 3121, AustraliaSchool of Computing, Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, AustraliaEpworth Concussion Clinic, Epworth Hospital, Richmond, VIC 3121, AustraliaSchool of Health and Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, 225-245 Plenty Rd, Bundoora, VIC 3082, AustraliaEpworth Concussion Clinic, Epworth Hospital, Richmond, VIC 3121, AustraliaImpaired balance is a key symptom following acute concussion. Unfortunately, the recommended clinical balance assessment lacks sensitivity and discriminative ability, relying on the experience of the clinician for interpretation. The aim of this pilot study is to explore smartphone technology to remotely assess balance impairment in people with acute concussion. A smartphone app was developed to allow the clinician to connect remotely using their personal web browser to the participant’s smartphone and collect motion data while instructing the participant to perform the following balance tests: standing on firm and foam surface with eyes opened and closed (FIRMEO, FIRMEC, FOAMEO, and FOAMEC). Outcome measures were processed from the raw acceleration to calculate the average acceleration magnitude from the mean and the root-mean square, with greater values indicating more sway. Eleven healthy controls (HCs) and 11 people with concussion (CON) participated. In all sway measurements, the CON group had significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) greater values when standing on a firm surface. In the FOAMEC condition, the CON group had significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) greater sway measures only in the AP direction, while significantly greater sway in all directions were found in the CON group in the FOAMEO condition. This study shows that remote balance assessment using a smartphone can discriminate between healthy controls and people with acute concussion. This technology could play an important role in concussion management to assist with determining recovery from concussions and the optimal timing for return to sport.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/21/6870concussionbalancesmartphoneremote assessmentreturn to sport
spellingShingle Oren Tirosh
Jaymee Klonis
Megan Hamilton
John Olver
Nilmini Wickramasinghe
Dean Mckenzie
Doa El-Ansary
Gavin Williams
Smartphone Technology to Facilitate Remote Postural Balance Assessment in Acute Concussion Management: Pilot Study
Sensors
concussion
balance
smartphone
remote assessment
return to sport
title Smartphone Technology to Facilitate Remote Postural Balance Assessment in Acute Concussion Management: Pilot Study
title_full Smartphone Technology to Facilitate Remote Postural Balance Assessment in Acute Concussion Management: Pilot Study
title_fullStr Smartphone Technology to Facilitate Remote Postural Balance Assessment in Acute Concussion Management: Pilot Study
title_full_unstemmed Smartphone Technology to Facilitate Remote Postural Balance Assessment in Acute Concussion Management: Pilot Study
title_short Smartphone Technology to Facilitate Remote Postural Balance Assessment in Acute Concussion Management: Pilot Study
title_sort smartphone technology to facilitate remote postural balance assessment in acute concussion management pilot study
topic concussion
balance
smartphone
remote assessment
return to sport
url https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/21/6870
work_keys_str_mv AT orentirosh smartphonetechnologytofacilitateremoteposturalbalanceassessmentinacuteconcussionmanagementpilotstudy
AT jaymeeklonis smartphonetechnologytofacilitateremoteposturalbalanceassessmentinacuteconcussionmanagementpilotstudy
AT meganhamilton smartphonetechnologytofacilitateremoteposturalbalanceassessmentinacuteconcussionmanagementpilotstudy
AT johnolver smartphonetechnologytofacilitateremoteposturalbalanceassessmentinacuteconcussionmanagementpilotstudy
AT nilminiwickramasinghe smartphonetechnologytofacilitateremoteposturalbalanceassessmentinacuteconcussionmanagementpilotstudy
AT deanmckenzie smartphonetechnologytofacilitateremoteposturalbalanceassessmentinacuteconcussionmanagementpilotstudy
AT doaelansary smartphonetechnologytofacilitateremoteposturalbalanceassessmentinacuteconcussionmanagementpilotstudy
AT gavinwilliams smartphonetechnologytofacilitateremoteposturalbalanceassessmentinacuteconcussionmanagementpilotstudy