Microbial safety and chemical characteristics of sausage coated by chitosan and postbiotics obtained from Lactobacillus bulgaricus during cold storage

Abstract This study investigated the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, as well as the volatile compounds, of Lactobacillus bulgaricus (L. bulgaricus) postbiotics (at concentration of 150 and 300 mg/L) and their combination with chitosan coatings (0.5% and 1%) on sausage quality (with 100 ppm...

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Main Authors: Shahab Sheikhi, Zahra Esfandiari, Hadis Rostamabadi, Seyyed Mohammad Ali Noori, Sahar Sabahi, Mehdi Shiri Nasab
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-01-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-82810-z
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author Shahab Sheikhi
Zahra Esfandiari
Hadis Rostamabadi
Seyyed Mohammad Ali Noori
Sahar Sabahi
Mehdi Shiri Nasab
author_facet Shahab Sheikhi
Zahra Esfandiari
Hadis Rostamabadi
Seyyed Mohammad Ali Noori
Sahar Sabahi
Mehdi Shiri Nasab
author_sort Shahab Sheikhi
collection DOAJ
description Abstract This study investigated the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, as well as the volatile compounds, of Lactobacillus bulgaricus (L. bulgaricus) postbiotics (at concentration of 150 and 300 mg/L) and their combination with chitosan coatings (0.5% and 1%) on sausage quality (with 100 ppm nitrite) during 40 days of cold storage. The results were compared to a control group, as well as to sausages containing commercial formulation (120 ppm) and reduced (100 ppm) levels of nitrite. To further assess the antimicrobial effects, it also inoculated E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) into the sausages in order to examine how the postbiotics and chitosan coatings impacted the growth of these foodborne pathogens during the 40-day cold storage period. The reults indicated that those containing 300 mg/L postbiotic and 1% chitosan generally met the desired condition for pH, moisture, fat, and total volatile base-nitrogen. These samples also showed the strongest inhibition of mesophilic and psychrophilic bacteria, mold and yeast. Notably, no E. coli or S. aureus were detected in any of the samples, indicating that the postbiotic and chitosan combination effectively inhibited the growth of these pathogens in sausages. The findings suggest that using chitosan coatings and L. bulgaricus postbiotic can enhance the quality of sausages, ultimately lowering the risk of contamination by harmful bacteria and improving overall food safety.
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spelling doaj-art-2bd33772ed0e4437912ed9ce7e38b9e02025-08-20T01:57:49ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-01-0115111210.1038/s41598-024-82810-zMicrobial safety and chemical characteristics of sausage coated by chitosan and postbiotics obtained from Lactobacillus bulgaricus during cold storageShahab Sheikhi0Zahra Esfandiari1Hadis Rostamabadi2Seyyed Mohammad Ali Noori3Sahar Sabahi4Mehdi Shiri Nasab5Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesNutrition and Food Security Research Center, Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesNutrition and Food Security Research Center, Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesToxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Nutrition, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Nutrition, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAbstract This study investigated the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, as well as the volatile compounds, of Lactobacillus bulgaricus (L. bulgaricus) postbiotics (at concentration of 150 and 300 mg/L) and their combination with chitosan coatings (0.5% and 1%) on sausage quality (with 100 ppm nitrite) during 40 days of cold storage. The results were compared to a control group, as well as to sausages containing commercial formulation (120 ppm) and reduced (100 ppm) levels of nitrite. To further assess the antimicrobial effects, it also inoculated E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) into the sausages in order to examine how the postbiotics and chitosan coatings impacted the growth of these foodborne pathogens during the 40-day cold storage period. The reults indicated that those containing 300 mg/L postbiotic and 1% chitosan generally met the desired condition for pH, moisture, fat, and total volatile base-nitrogen. These samples also showed the strongest inhibition of mesophilic and psychrophilic bacteria, mold and yeast. Notably, no E. coli or S. aureus were detected in any of the samples, indicating that the postbiotic and chitosan combination effectively inhibited the growth of these pathogens in sausages. The findings suggest that using chitosan coatings and L. bulgaricus postbiotic can enhance the quality of sausages, ultimately lowering the risk of contamination by harmful bacteria and improving overall food safety.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-82810-zpostbioticsChitosanLactobacillus bulgaricusCoatingQuality characteristicsSausage
spellingShingle Shahab Sheikhi
Zahra Esfandiari
Hadis Rostamabadi
Seyyed Mohammad Ali Noori
Sahar Sabahi
Mehdi Shiri Nasab
Microbial safety and chemical characteristics of sausage coated by chitosan and postbiotics obtained from Lactobacillus bulgaricus during cold storage
Scientific Reports
postbiotics
Chitosan
Lactobacillus bulgaricus
Coating
Quality characteristics
Sausage
title Microbial safety and chemical characteristics of sausage coated by chitosan and postbiotics obtained from Lactobacillus bulgaricus during cold storage
title_full Microbial safety and chemical characteristics of sausage coated by chitosan and postbiotics obtained from Lactobacillus bulgaricus during cold storage
title_fullStr Microbial safety and chemical characteristics of sausage coated by chitosan and postbiotics obtained from Lactobacillus bulgaricus during cold storage
title_full_unstemmed Microbial safety and chemical characteristics of sausage coated by chitosan and postbiotics obtained from Lactobacillus bulgaricus during cold storage
title_short Microbial safety and chemical characteristics of sausage coated by chitosan and postbiotics obtained from Lactobacillus bulgaricus during cold storage
title_sort microbial safety and chemical characteristics of sausage coated by chitosan and postbiotics obtained from lactobacillus bulgaricus during cold storage
topic postbiotics
Chitosan
Lactobacillus bulgaricus
Coating
Quality characteristics
Sausage
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-82810-z
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