Miniaturized tri-band integrated microwave and millimeter-wave MIMO antenna loaded with metamaterial for 5G IoT applications
This study presents a revolutionary tri-band combined microwave (MW) and millimeter wave (MMW) multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna. The antenna is built on a Rogers RT-5880 substrate with dimensions of 32 × 32 × 1.6 mm³. This integration increased the isolation from 18 dB to 27 dB in the M...
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Elsevier
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Results in Engineering |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590123024013859 |
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| author | Md Afzalur Rahman Samir Salem Al-Bawri Wazie M. Abdulkawi Mohammad Tariqul Islam |
| author_facet | Md Afzalur Rahman Samir Salem Al-Bawri Wazie M. Abdulkawi Mohammad Tariqul Islam |
| author_sort | Md Afzalur Rahman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study presents a revolutionary tri-band combined microwave (MW) and millimeter wave (MMW) multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna. The antenna is built on a Rogers RT-5880 substrate with dimensions of 32 × 32 × 1.6 mm³. This integration increased the isolation from 18 dB to 27 dB in the MW band and 28 dB–40 dB in the MMW band. The effective bandwidths for the MW and MMW bands were initially 3.3–3.7 GHz, 5.45–9.2 GHz, and 24–28 GHz, respectively. The MTM increased these bandwidths to 2.6–4.1 GHz, 5.3–11.3 GHz for the MW band, and 22.5–29.3 GHz for the MMW band. In addition, the realized gain increased significantly, from 1.5 dBi, 3.5 dBi, and 6.5 dBi to 4.5 dBi, 6.1 dBi, and 11 dBi at 3.5 GHz, 6.9 GHz, and 28 GHz. The antenna's overall efficiency increased by 10–12 % across all operational bandwidths. The suggested antenna has excellent diversity performance, with an envelope correlation coefficient of less than 0.0002, a diversity gain greater than 9.998, and a channel capacity loss of less than 0.12 bits/s/Hz. The proposed antenna addresses the increasing demand for IoT devices by efficiently supporting both MW and MMW frequency bands, offering high performance in wireless communication and modern infrastructures. The proposed design not only improves connectivity and efficiency in IoT devices but also supports the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by contributing to the development of smart city infrastructure (SDG 11) and fostering innovation and sustainable industrial practices (SDG 9), thereby promoting sustainable development and industrial innovation. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2bb2c0e03a704764bb201e08d14d3c2c |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2590-1230 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Results in Engineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-2bb2c0e03a704764bb201e08d14d3c2c2025-08-20T02:52:30ZengElsevierResults in Engineering2590-12302024-12-012410313010.1016/j.rineng.2024.103130Miniaturized tri-band integrated microwave and millimeter-wave MIMO antenna loaded with metamaterial for 5G IoT applicationsMd Afzalur Rahman0Samir Salem Al-Bawri1Wazie M. Abdulkawi2Mohammad Tariqul Islam3Space Science Centre, Climate Change Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, 43600, Malaysia; Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, BangladeshSpace Science Centre, Climate Change Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, 43600, Malaysia; Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Petroleum, Hadhramout University, Al-Mukalla, 50512, Hadhramout, YemenDepartment of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering in Wadi Addawasir, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Wadi Addawasir, 11991, Saudi Arabia; Corresponding author.Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh; Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, Bangi, 43600, Selangor, MalaysiaThis study presents a revolutionary tri-band combined microwave (MW) and millimeter wave (MMW) multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna. The antenna is built on a Rogers RT-5880 substrate with dimensions of 32 × 32 × 1.6 mm³. This integration increased the isolation from 18 dB to 27 dB in the MW band and 28 dB–40 dB in the MMW band. The effective bandwidths for the MW and MMW bands were initially 3.3–3.7 GHz, 5.45–9.2 GHz, and 24–28 GHz, respectively. The MTM increased these bandwidths to 2.6–4.1 GHz, 5.3–11.3 GHz for the MW band, and 22.5–29.3 GHz for the MMW band. In addition, the realized gain increased significantly, from 1.5 dBi, 3.5 dBi, and 6.5 dBi to 4.5 dBi, 6.1 dBi, and 11 dBi at 3.5 GHz, 6.9 GHz, and 28 GHz. The antenna's overall efficiency increased by 10–12 % across all operational bandwidths. The suggested antenna has excellent diversity performance, with an envelope correlation coefficient of less than 0.0002, a diversity gain greater than 9.998, and a channel capacity loss of less than 0.12 bits/s/Hz. The proposed antenna addresses the increasing demand for IoT devices by efficiently supporting both MW and MMW frequency bands, offering high performance in wireless communication and modern infrastructures. The proposed design not only improves connectivity and efficiency in IoT devices but also supports the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by contributing to the development of smart city infrastructure (SDG 11) and fostering innovation and sustainable industrial practices (SDG 9), thereby promoting sustainable development and industrial innovation.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S25901230240138595G internet of thingsMicrowave-millimeter wavesMIMO antennaSustainable citiesMetamaterials and metasurfacesSustainable development Goals (SDGs) |
| spellingShingle | Md Afzalur Rahman Samir Salem Al-Bawri Wazie M. Abdulkawi Mohammad Tariqul Islam Miniaturized tri-band integrated microwave and millimeter-wave MIMO antenna loaded with metamaterial for 5G IoT applications Results in Engineering 5G internet of things Microwave-millimeter waves MIMO antenna Sustainable cities Metamaterials and metasurfaces Sustainable development Goals (SDGs) |
| title | Miniaturized tri-band integrated microwave and millimeter-wave MIMO antenna loaded with metamaterial for 5G IoT applications |
| title_full | Miniaturized tri-band integrated microwave and millimeter-wave MIMO antenna loaded with metamaterial for 5G IoT applications |
| title_fullStr | Miniaturized tri-band integrated microwave and millimeter-wave MIMO antenna loaded with metamaterial for 5G IoT applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Miniaturized tri-band integrated microwave and millimeter-wave MIMO antenna loaded with metamaterial for 5G IoT applications |
| title_short | Miniaturized tri-band integrated microwave and millimeter-wave MIMO antenna loaded with metamaterial for 5G IoT applications |
| title_sort | miniaturized tri band integrated microwave and millimeter wave mimo antenna loaded with metamaterial for 5g iot applications |
| topic | 5G internet of things Microwave-millimeter waves MIMO antenna Sustainable cities Metamaterials and metasurfaces Sustainable development Goals (SDGs) |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590123024013859 |
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