A factorial design-optimized microfluidic LNP vaccine elicits potent magnesium-adjuvating cancer immunotherapy

A factorial design-optimized microfluidic LNP vaccine elicits potent magnesium-adjuvating cancer immunotherapy

Human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cancers remain a critical health challenge, prompting the development of effective therapeutic vaccines. This study presents a lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-based vaccine co-loading E7 antigen peptide and magnesium ions as the adjuvant. Microfluidic technology was em...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yongyi Xie, Jiaxin Guo, Jialin Hu, Yuan Li, Zhongqian Zhang, Yongcheng Zhu, Fei Deng, Jialong Qi, You Zhou, Wenjie Chen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-06-01
Series:Materials Today Bio
Subjects:
LNP
Magnesium adjuvant
Microfluid
Cancer vaccine
Factorial design
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590006425002625
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Summary:Human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cancers remain a critical health challenge, prompting the development of effective therapeutic vaccines. This study presents a lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-based vaccine co-loading E7 antigen peptide and magnesium ions as the adjuvant. Microfluidic technology was employed to optimize LNP preparation and formulation, ensuring efficient co-delivery of antigen and adjuvant. Magnesium ions were chosen over conventional aluminum-based adjuvants, which often suffer from limited efficacy and adverse effects, particularly for cancer immunotherapy. Compared to aluminum, magnesium ions exhibited superior capabilities in enhancing T-cell activation and promoting cellular immune response. Mechanistic insights suggest that magnesium ions facilitate dendritic cell maturation and antigen presentation via a collagen-CD36 axis, contributing to the adjuvant activity of magnesium. Through design of experiments (DoE) optimization, the LNP formulation was tailored for enhanced encapsulation and stability, positioning it as a targeted system for immune activation. These findings support the promise of magnesium ions as effective and safer adjuvants in LNP-based vaccines, marking a potential advancement for therapeutic cancer vaccination.
ISSN:2590-0064

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